multiple access methods in satellite communication ppt

... provide the only definitive information as t o the degree of risk i n man Since malignant diseases are clearly of multifactorial origin, their investigation in m a n has become increasingly complex, ... responsible for the views expressed in the signed articles in this publication REPRINTED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM Trang 3N.E Breslow & N E Day (1980) Statistical Methods in Cancer Research Volume I ... have access to the latest computer technology Even if such equipment is available at his home institution, an investigator may well find himself out in the field wanting to conduct preliminary

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... orthogonality among training sequences and introduce multiple access interference (MAI) To reduce the effect of the MAI, the authors find the CAZAC sequence that maximizes the signal-to-interference ratio ... Division Multiple Access With Polarization and Lin Jin discusses a potential multiple access and modulation scheme based on polarized states of electromagnetic (EM) waves for Line-of-Sight (LOS) communications ... Special Issue contains 21 selected articles, covering a significant number of hot topics in Multiple Access Communications such as new cooperative MAC protocols; spectrum sharing, and channel assignment

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... orthogonal access fading channels in wireless sensor networks— optimal and suboptimal estimatorsmultiple-Xin Wang∗1 and Chenyang Yang1 1 School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang ... results in [19], indicatethat the separate source-channel coding scheme is optimal in fading channels with orthogonal multiple-accessprotocols, which outperforms AF transmission, a simple joint source-channel ... the sensors can transmit training symbols to facilitatechannel estimation The training symbols can be incorporated into the message function c(x) Then, theMLE with training symbols available is

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... and judge fellow inmates and mete out punishments, including beatings, through night-time courts in their cells. According to both inmates and prison officials, drinking water in prisons is scarce ... Overcrowding, caused by lack of investment and poorly functioning criminal jus- tice systems, is endemic [1,4], and is a contributing fac- tor, along with violence, food insecurity and minimal access ... regarding prison conditions, discipline and HIV/TB risk behaviour in open-ended, in-depth interviews. All interviews were conducted outside of the hearing of prison officers and other prisoners, in

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... mapping principle guarantees that Tthas a unique fixed point xtin E It is unclear, in general, what is the behavior of xt as t ® 0, even if T has a fixed point However, in the case of T having ... Abstract In this paper, we introduce the modified general iterative approximation methods for finding a common fixed point of nonexpansive semigroups which is a unique solution of some variational inequalities ... real Hilbert space H: min x ∈C 1 where C is the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping T on H and b is a given point in H In 2003, Xu ([5]) proved that the sequence {xn} defined by the iterative

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... is slightly beneficial since the increase in SINR afforded by shorten-ing the hop distances increases the MIMO gain In Figure 8b, with spatial reuse, RNetcontinuously increases with the number ... capa-city gain due to MIMO spatial multiplexing However, the hops suffer from low SINR due to high path loss and co-channel interference Since spatial multiplexing works best at high SINR, MIMO ... distance, using a dis-tance breakpoint of 300 m Figure 7b shows the resulting hop capacity It is clear that the loss in MIMO gain is small compared to the gain due to increased SINR B One-dimensional

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... pseudocontractive mapping pseudocontractive mapping, resp. The results presented in this paper improve and generalize some corresponding results in4 6 Trang 42 PreliminariesA mapping T with domain DT ... nonexpansive semigroup satisfying 3.22 and FΓ is a singleton {θ}, where θ is the zero point in H. Combining the proofs of Theorems3.2and3.6, we can easily conclude the following result Theorem 3.8 ... mapping and nonexpansive semigroup can be foundsee, e.g., 5,6,12 An interesting work is to extend some results involving general viscosity approx-imation processes for nonexpansive mapping,

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... supervised learning methods can infer models of pitch combinations seen in the training stage, but they are currently constrained to monotimbral sounds with almost constant spectral profiles [4]. In music, ... processing stages, shown in Figure 1, are described below. 2.1 Preprocessing The analysis is performed in the frequency domain, computing the magnitude spectrogram using a 93 ms Hanning windowed ... discussed in Sec. 5. 2 Methodology Joint estimation methods generate and evaluate competing sets of f 0 combinations in order to select the most plausible combination directly. This scheme, recently introduced

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... regularly multiplexed with data sym-bols in a given ratio (the so-called burst overhead) Data-aided (DA) algorithms, which exploit the information con-tained in the pilot symbols, are routinely ... [18] for frequency estimation on a single preamble with lengthN, that is obtained by letting M =0 in (11) The reverse of the coin is of course the reduced operating range (8) of the estimator Figure ... demonstrate in Appendix Bthat the 3P format (Figure 1(b)) minimizes the CRB for Doppler-rate estimation, with the usual constraints on the total training block length and on the burst over-head (1) In

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... Hardware RF Finger Finger Finger Finger Finger Finger Spreading and modulation Chip rate (3.84 MHz) Symbol rate (15-960 kHz) Block rate (12.5-500 Hz) Combiner Combiner Combiner Rate dematcher Deinterleaver ... the table have been determined for a solution using turbo decoding and they do not include chip-level decoding and symbol level combining that further increase the processing needs The requirements ... anything in between 1-2 cycle instruction set extensions and peripheral devices executing thousands of cycles can result in grossly inefficient software If the interrupt latency in the operating

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... [46] for its intentional application In fact, we are just pointing out the inadequacy of this technique to an-alyze the incidence of wide-ranging set of single and multiple disturbances in electric ... stated in [41]: Feature extraction methods determine an ap-propriate subspace of dimensionality m (either in a linear or a nonlinear way) in the original feature space of dimensional-ity d Linear ... operator, which is defined as the remainder obtained from dividinga by b The approximations presented in (35)– (37) lead to a very interesting result where one has a short-ened finite-length vector

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 20:20

... toL-tuples containing mixed energy symbols as well These are to be discarded in the training process. 11 Again, as explained in Section 3 , slightly better performance could be ob-tained in the case ... ]. Satellite Uplink Do w nlink Figure 1: Satellite communication system schemes (M = 4, 16) in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and a 2-tap stationary channel in down-link The communication ... approach lies in the fact that only a single system is needed for canceling the HPA non-linearity at the satellite, compared to using an equalizer in each terminal On the other hand, its main drawback

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... amplifier stage in the satellite Several processing methods manage to take into account these nonlinearities but they require the knowledge of a training input sequence for updating the equalizer ... particle filtering techniques and Monte Carlo methods to tackle the in-line and blind equalization of a satellite communication channel The main difficulties encountered are the nonlinear distortions ... transmission chain is depicted inFigure 1 Although efficient for amplifying tasks, TWT devices suf-fer from nonlinear behaviors in their characteristics, thus im-plying complex modeling and processing methods

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... CwA in inclusive classes in preschools Currently, there is no research result published in Vietnam comprehensively focusing on developing communication skills for CwA in inclusive classes in preschool ... degree who are all learning in inclusive preschool classes - Investigation location: in Cau Giay, Dong Da, Ba Dinh districts in Hanoi * Investigation methods and tools Methods - Questionnaire: ... CwA to learn in inclusive classes CwA learning in inclusive classes have less atypical behaviors CwA learning in inclusive environment in which they are treated equally with no discrimination and

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 20:28

... allocation The main constraint is the bandwidth available to all users on the satellite uplink Unlike a fixed ATM network, the satellite can only control the bandwidth in the downlink towards the ... call level in the network It defines the procedure performed by the network during the call set-up phase to determine if the connection request can be accepted without infringing on existing commitments ... Service Mapping over Satellite Independent Service Access Points”, Computer Networks, Vol 50, No 12, pp 1885-2126, August 2006. [24] ETSI, “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) Broadband Satellite

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 19:20

... domain (inter-domain) or to end-users It can be further categorized as ingress router which operates on traffic flowing into the domain and egress router which operates on traffic exiting the domain In ... depending on the access control algorithm, inflate the waiting time of a packet in the ST queue The impact of this semi-constant delay has to be taken into account by the scheduler in providing ... it has gain in popularity not only in terrestrial networks, but also in wireless [8],[9] and satellite systems [10] 8.2.3 Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) MPLS is an advanced forwarding scheme,

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 19:20

... Char Count= 0 10 Finite Difference Methods in Financial Engineering 1.4 INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS In the previous section we examined a differential equation on a bounded interval. In this case we ... Char Count= 0 8 Finite Difference Methods in Financial Engineering 1.2 TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM Let us examine a general second-order ordinary differential equation given in the form u  = ... Char Count= 0 16 Finite Difference Methods in Financial Engineering Γ η Ω Figure 2.3 Two-dimensional bounded region r Harmonic functions (Du Plessis, 1970; Rudin, 1970) r Mapping functions between...

Ngày tải lên: 23/01/2014, 06:20

... country to introduce PCN into operation, through two network operators: Mercury’s One2One, which was introduced into service in September 1993; and Hutchinson’s Orange, which was introduced into service ... slot contains 324 bits including 260 bits of user information. In the mobile to BS direction, these information bits are divided into three packets of 16, 122 and 122 bits, respectively. In the ... enhancing the TDMA-136 radio interface to include GSM/ EDGE compatibility and a high data rate indoor solution. In the ITU terminology, this radio interface is known as IMT-DS. The UWC-136 radio interface...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 11:16