models for sentence compression

... containing 13 sentence pairs, where sentence 1 is the original sentence, and sentence 2 its negation, (2) an antonym subset con-taining 7 sentence pairs, where keywords of the original sentences ... cancer. The two sentences are completely or mostly equivalent. 4 Table 6 Example sentences of contradiction via negation subset Sentence 1 (original sentence) Sentence 2 (negated sentence) Rip1 ... dataset, one sentence per line (2) Tokenization The Stanford CoreNLP library was used for sentence boundary detection and tokenization [17] Initially, we used the resulting, unfiltered corpus for training

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2020, 12:14

... metrics for each segment Trang 2020 The six business models for copyright infringement – A data driven study of websites considered to be infringing copyright3.4 Sources of Revenue We looked for ... obtained Figure 1-1: Six major copyright infringement business models identified in this study Trang 44 The six business models for copyright infringement – A data driven study of websites considered ... with Forums and ability to comment - Sustained growth over five years - Direct access levels very high - Europe appears to be the main home of these sites Trang 66 The six business models for

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... (%) for various systems on the 200-sentence BNC test set The compression rate for the gold standard was 65.67% Table 2: Average grammar and importance scores for various systems on the 20-sentence ... Association for Compu-tational Linguistics, pages 144–151, Sydney, Aus-tralia, July Association for Computational Linguis-tics. James Clarke and Mirella Lapata 2006b Models for sentence compression: ... conclude by giving examples of compression pat-terns learned by the Bayesian method Sentence compression is the task of summarizing a sentence while retaining most of the informational content and remaining

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 742–751, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Lexically-Triggered Hidden Markov Models for Clinical ... Cherry Institute for Information Technology National Research Council Canada {Svetlana.Kiritchenko,Colin.Cherry}@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Abstract The automatic coding of clinical documents is an important task for ... interesting challenges for natural language processing. Con- ventionally, most clinical documentation, such as doctor’s notes, discharge summaries and referrals, are written in a free-text form. This narrative form is

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... and end a sentence in the two text ranking of sentence-initial and sentence-final 5-grams in the in-domain corpus is notably different from the out-of-domain one TED’s most frequent sentence-initial ... Lemmas can be employed in two ways: only for word selection, as a frequency measure, or also for word representation, as a mapping for common words In the former, we preserve in-flected variants ... number of sentences |S|, number of tokens |W | and average sentence length ` Token numbers are com-puted on the target language, except for the test sets. lel corpora: namely TED and NEWS for Arabic-English;

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... typical models of producing - processing fruits, vegetable, seaweed and alga, and especially marine economic models The development of Socioeconomic in the Diem Dien in the direction of these models ... stages, new river routes are built for the service of watering, draining away and traffic, and so forth Besides, Sing and Gu rivers are important sources of water for agricultural development The ... therefore, its economic effect and value of merchandising product are low The potential of water surface, agricultural land have not been used effectively yet It lacks suitable forms economic models

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 12:20

... of all credit risk models. Trang 4Framework for an Internal-Models Capital Charge This section describes a possible framework for an internal-models regulatory capital charge for credit risk exposures ... the models described in this section are those that are usually applied to banks’ wholesale and middle-market commercial lending portfolios The models used for some other types of credits—for ... considerable resources to developing “value-at-risk” models to measure the potential losses in their trading portfolios Modeling efforts for other forms of risk were considerably less advanced Since

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... included for regularity in the depth direction and also to vanish for a natural rigid transformation The following reasoning shows that (3) is not a suitable regularization for selecting rigid transformations ... rigid transformation is equivalent to one which is both conformal (angle preserving) and isometric (areapreserving) [7] Some authors relax rigidity by constraining transformations to beconformal ... ther-modynamic entropy for information theory has suggested mutual information as animage similarity measure [24] [40], and a heuristically based normalized mutual in-formation has been found

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 22:20

... (Dougherty 2001) For example, a large process flow map in a conference room can be the focal point for group discussion and the vehicle for moving towards shared mental models Process models can provide ... existing models) It helps identify purposes with a paucity of supporting models in the literature, thereby uncovering opportunities for further research We feel that it is beneficial for uncov-ering ... process models as an organizing structure for knowledge management, modeling in cases of uncertainty and ambiguity, and determining the optimum amount of process prescription and structure for an

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... used for data streams: for in-stance, the presence of time stamps is required for query completeness The paper is organized as follows In the next sec-tion, we survey several data models for sequences ... situation is more complex for multi-ple data streams, since these need to be merged into a single stream before UDAs can be applied For in-stance, the operator used in SQL:1999 for computing the union, ... Nevertheless, database query languages were designed for persistent data residing on disks, rather than for transient data flowing through the wires: therefore their suitability to the new task need to

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... fea-tures consistently outperformed the Baselines For the basic models (MST1/2), we obtained absolute improvements of 0.94 and 0.63 points respectively For the enhanced models (MSTB1/2), we found ... features consistently outperformed the Base-lines For the basic models (MST1/2), we obtained absolute improvements of 4.28 and 3.51 points re-spectively For the enhanced models (MSTB1/2), we got ... data For English, we used the Penn Treebank (Marcus et al., 1993) in our experiments We created a stan-dard data split: sections 2-21 for training, section 22 for development, and section 23 for

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

... effective for feature selection at train-ing time, which is a very good point when dealtrain-ing with noisy data and big set of features Trang 44 Models for Parsing TreesThe models used in this work for ... discuss some important models here Beyond the models for parsing discussed in section 4, together with motivations for using or not in our work, another important model for syn-tactic parsing ... fea-tures and labels for the CRF models (# feafea-tures and # labels), and the number of rules for PCFG models (# rules) As we can see from the table, the number of rules is the same for the tree representations

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance Support for this project was provided by the Agency for Health Care Research ... BlueShield Association, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (formerly HCFA), Department of Veterans Affairs, Doris Duke ... Center, Los Angeles, California Patricia Salber, Medical Director for Managed Care Health Care Initiative, General Motors Co., The Permanente Company, Larkspur, California Lewis Sandy, Executive

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 13:20

... 18.5 Infinitesimal Deformations of Poisson Structures 137 18.6 Obstructions to Formal Deformations 138 VIII Deformations of Algebras of Functions 141 19 Algebraic Deformation Theory 141 ... 1Geometric Models for Noncommutative AlgebrasAna Cannas da Silva1Alan Weinstein2University of California at Berkeley Trang 21.1 Universal Enveloping Algebras 1 1.2 Lie Algebra Deformations ... that{f, h} = 0, for all h ∈ C∞(M ) (For the trivial Poisson structure {·, ·} = 0, this isall of C∞(M ).) See Section 5.1 for a geometric description of these cohomology spaces See tion 4.5 for their

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:14

... This method of assessing  is used as the known value for training examples, and for the ªground truthº in evaluating testing performance For this experi-ment, both the training and the testing ... about 4 The confusion matrices for the HMM and PHMM models are shown in Fig 6 The difference in performance between the HMM and PHMM is due to the fact that the HMM models the systematic variation ... parametric gesture quantity (for example, size) and the means of probability density functions of the parametric HMM (PHMM), we formulate an expectation-maximization (EM) method for training the PHMM

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 13:16

... intractable Trang 30For many probabilistic models of interest, exact inference is not computationally feasible This occurs for two (main) reasons: distributions may have complicated forms (non-linearities ... estimation and forecasting. Technical Report TR-CIS-94-20, Center for Intelligent Systems, Technion, Israel Institute for Technology, Haifa, Israel. Bell, A J and Sejnowski, T J (1995) An information-maximization ... Model for Generative ModelsGaussian Factor Analysis (PCA) Mixture of Factor Analyzers Mixture of G aussians (VQ) C ooperative V ector Q Factorial HMM HMM Mixture of HMMs Switching State-space Models

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 13:20

... expression The need for real-time cability thus demands for high performance and efficiency of applications forface recognition appli-This paper describes a model-based approach for the interpretation ... Appearance Models, in its basic form is scribed in Chapter 2 Because of the need for real-time applications using this Trang 11technology, variations on the basic form aimed at increasing the performanceand ... AppearanceModels aimed at increasing the performance and the computational speed ofActive Appearance Models Trang 44Trang 5This paper was written as part of the master Business Mathematics andInformatics

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 13:38

... ofthe source waveform as a function of the parameters of the filter such as, for example,the power spectral density:is a reasonable model for a number of signals, for example, for speech signals ... (LBG) form This algorithm, which is generalized for vectorquantization, is presented in the following chapter 1.2.3.2 Non-linear transformation A non-uniform scalar quantizer can be seen as a uniform ... Trang 13Tools for Signal CompressionTrang 14– numbering the partitioned intervals{i1· · · i L },– selecting the reproduction value for each interval, the set of these reproductionvalues forms a dictionary

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 16:17

... trajectory in the visual coordinates, (2) transformation oftrajectory from visual information and previous models, computational theories are proposed for the first two References [1] Allen, G.I ... system computes nonlinear transformations required for making an inverse dynamics model of a nonlinear controlled object One is that they are computed by nonlinear information processing within ... 2Introductio n 2$\gamma[$A computational model for voluntary movement is proposed (Fig 1) which accounts for Consider athirsty person reaching for a glass of water on a table The goal of the

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:16

... this format The plug-in format for smart cards used in mobile telecommunicationsapplications is also very common Another name for this format is ID-000 This hasbecome the standard format for cards ... Standards for operating systems 48 4.4.3 Standards for data and data structuring 49 4.4.4 Standards for computer interfaces 49 4.4.5 Standards for applications 49 4.5 Documents for ... Informationstechnik (German Federal Office for Information Security)CCS cryptographic checksum CDMA code division multiple access CEN Comit´e Europ´een de Normalisation (European Committee for

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 10:59