methods for the detection of waterborne viruses

... constraints of time and space, while PAGE is restricted by the number of samples for Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is an advanced form of standard PCR that allows for the detection and quantification of DNA ... GenBank for the design of new primers Multiple sequence alignment was performed to identify conserved regions, leading to the synthesis of suitable primers for RT-PCR analysis. 4.1.3 Detection of ... vigorously before use To prepare the ligation mixture, combine 1 µl of ligation buffer A, 1 µl of ligation buffer B, 2 µl of the yT&A cloning vector, 2 µl of the PCR product, and 1 µl of T4 DNA

Ngày tải lên: 11/07/2021, 16:50

... follow this procedure with the ‘‘a’’ and ‘‘b’’ statements of the number given at the end of the chosen statement Continue until the name of the alga is given instead of another keynumber Statement ... filaments or other tubular or threadlike thalli 111 80a Cells isolated and narrowest at the center because of incomplete fissure (desmids) 81 Trang 12Standard Methods for the Examination of Water ... of the filament of cells; filament generally withoutmovement 20 19b Filament not surrounded by a wall-like sheath; filament may show movement 21 Trang 4Standard Methods for the Examination of

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 18:58

... Methods for the Examination of Water and WastewaterMicrocoleus Trang 74Lemanea Trang 75Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WastewaterTrang 76FragilariaTrang 77Standard Methods for ... for the Examination of Water and WastewaterTrang 98UlothrixTrang 99Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WastewaterCladophora Trang 100Achnanthes Trang 101Standard Methods for the ... 60ChrysococcusTrang 61Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WastewaterMerismopedia Trang 62AphanothecaTrang 63Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WastewaterNavicula

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 18:58

... 12] The atomic weights of many elements are not invariant but depend on the origin and treatment of the material The standard values of Ar(E) and the uncertainties (in parentheses, following the ... water professionals worldwide Through educational and technical information programs, AWWA promotes the improvement of the quality and quantity of the drinking water supply Contact information: ... determined for the specific material g geological specimens are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material The difference between the atomic weight of

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 18:58

... has been the focus of attention in immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis, since the birds can actively transfer immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the egg yolks of their offsprings in the same levels of concentration ... volume of PBS The homogenized egg yolk was then mixed with two volumes of chloroform and incubated for 2 hrs at room temperature After this incubation, the supernatant was collected To compare the ... regaining of pathogenicity of mammalian pathogens in birds as the unusal host (3, 12, 16, 31, 32) The efficacy of IgY has been proven in several applications for the treatment and prevention of fatal

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

... order to assess the performance of the prediction of stenosis independent of the prevalence of stenosis the positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated [20] A value of P < 0.05 ... stenosis, the area under the ROC curve was calculated to be 0.843 [0.802-0.884] The coordinates of the curve indicated that the cut-off of 4.0 (as pre-defined by the manufacturer) provided the best ... lowest for males over 65 years of age (Table 3) Analysis of ROC also showed that the best cut-off for each subgroup remained at 4.0 (Figure 2) Figure 2 ROC curves for severity score for the detection

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 16:23

... [0.855-0.952] (Figure 2) The coordinates of the curve indicated that a cut-off of 4.0 provided the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of coronary stenosis from the 3DMP test ... order to assess the performance of the prediction of stenosis independent of the prevalence of stenosis the positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated [24] A value of P < 0.05 ... indexes of abnormality The resulting patterns of the indexes are then compared for abnormality to the patterns in the reference database to reach a final diagnostic output In addition to the automatic

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 17:20

... the limited reliability of indirect immuno-fluorescence (IIF) assays for the detection of these aab, the lack of access to international reference serum samples, and the misunderstanding of their ... analyse the sensi-tivity of IIF using conventional HEp-2 cells substrates for the detection of anti-Rib-P antibodies and to compare different state-of-the-art diagnostic technologies for the detection ... autoantibodies, special considerations for the detection of ribosomal P antibodies are needed As with many other autoantibodies, further effort is required for the standardisation of ribosomal P immunoassays

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... overestimation of this parameter. RESULTS Power of the 2 methods Table II shows the power of the 2 methods of estimation for all simulated variants. For a QTL effect of 40, the ... on the size of the biasing factor in the range of realistic values for Ot. Figure 1 shows the value of k as a function of 01 for 4 different values of Ot. The maximum ... information about the quality of their estimator of the QTL variance The only result they give indicates that their algorithm leads to an overestimation of The estimation of

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... (C3, C4 and C5) The power is given as a function of the ratio u of Trang 7the number of the number of F2 + backcross individuals, for the 3 situations considered with respect to the t parameter: ... performed in each of the H and H cases. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Optimal structure under the homoskedastic model Figure 1 gives the power of situations Cl and C2 as a function of the ratio t of the ... is the opposite of the homoskedastic case where the non-segregating populations were useful This result shows that the information in the non-segregating population derives from the level of the

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... [14] The ability to silence all copies of targeted genes through the use of RNA interference (RNAi) has per-mitted the elucidation of the role and functionality of the two different SBEII isoforms ... 4reaction Analysis of the melt curve of the amplicon alsoallowed the specificity of the PCR to be confirmed Although the presence of the mutation has been detected comparing theΔF/T curves (Figure ... 5SBEIIa-D(A201T) the amino acid change induced by theEMS treatment is located in the region of the N-term-inal domain of the glycogen branching enzyme family, reported to be essential for the size of the

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... pg/ml of sample Interpretation of Cut off value (RLU of specimen/mean RLU of PC) off ratio of 0 to 0.99 is negative for HR HPV; Cut-off ratio greater than 1.0 positive for HR HPV The cut off ratio ... was to compare the efficacy of HC-II assay and PCR for the detection of specific HPV type (HPV 16 E6) in OSMF and OSCC cases as well as find out the prevalence rate of the HR-HPV in these lesions ... to the amount of target DNA in the sample Estimation of HPV viral load Ratio of relative light unit (RLU) of the sample/mean of RLU of three positive controls (PC) were taken as an estimate of

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:22

... weeks of age for the establishment of infection of the flock, and as one of the follow-up samples taken shortly before slaughter age, which means that the only notable differences between the 2 ... Several methods are avail-able for testing and comparing the agreement of the applied sample types In the current study the following methods were chosen: Cohen’s Kappa (κ) (Cohen 1960), The Adjusted ... to test the null hypothesis of marginal symmetry, namely that the probability of an observation being classi-fied into cell [i,j] in the contingency table is the same as the probability of being

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... [7,12,16,17]) The Lewontin- Krakauer test [14] is the oldest of these multilocus-comparison methods Broadly speaking, these methods are derived by using one of the two general approaches detailed below The ... simulations are then performed to generate data sets with a distribution of θ centered on the empirical esti-mates Then, the quantiles of the simulatedFST within which the observed FST’s fell and the P-values ... non-syntenic markers There was no evidence of LD blocks on either of the chromosomes Evidence for selection across the populations The Ewens-Watterson test enables detection of devia-tions from

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... where the location of the unmapped read may span the breakpoint of the CNV SR analysis has the advantage of being able to pinpoint the location of the breakpoints Assembly-based AS methods, on the ... STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE DETECTION AND ANALYSES OF STRUCTURAL VARIANTS IN THE HUMAN GENOME TEO SHU MEI A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY NUS GRADUATE SCHOOL FOR INTEGRATIVE ... using these technologies are unfortunately limited by the density of the probes, as well as the location of the probes For example, array platforms with more than million probes have a lower detection...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... large inventory of normalized mathematical indexes of abnormality It is the pattern of these mathematical indexes of abnormality, obtained from analysis of multiple cardiac cycles of the resting ... Moreover, to assess the performance of the prediction of stenosis independent of the prevalence of stenosis, the positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated [24] A value of p

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 10:58

... of 95 ml) The A280 to A260 ratio of the UV-absorbing peak indicated it was composed mainly of nucleic acid In the profile of the NaOH-extracted polymer (B), the elution volume (80 ml) of saccharide ... compared to the other methods The SDS-extracted polymer included a small amount of material other than protein Furthermore, the steaming- and washing-extracted polymers contained large amounts of phosphorus ... buffer at a flow rate of ml/h and ml fractions were collected The void volume of the column was determined by the elution of Blue Dextran (Pharmacia) Other analyses - 147 - Journal of Water and Environment...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... respectively One of the weaknesses of this study is the small sample size In addition, the majority of the lesions examined appear to be of the Class I type, rather than Class II lesions for which the technology ... appropriate to the purpose of the test? Use examiners representative of the target or primary clinical providers of the test? Show evidence that the test can distinguish cancer/precancer from other conditions ... predictive value Therefore, the lack of apparent control as well as documentation with respect to the manner in which the sample was selected limits the utility of this study Poate et al performed a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... drops of the creatine solution, three drops of the ethanolic solution of 1-naphthol and then two drops of the potassium hydroxide solution; shake after the addition of each reagent The formation of ... incubation for 24 h ± h, examine the plates (9.4.3) for the presence of typical colonies of Salmonella and atypical colonies that may be Salmonella (see Note) Mark their position on the bottom of the ... the results of the interpretation, indicate the presence or absence of Salmonella in a test portion of x g or x ml of product (see ISO 7218) See annex C for the precision data obtained from the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... scrutinized the German version of this text Prof Nirschl suggested the idea of this book Prof Reimert organized the continuation of the research unit after the DFG funding as well as Prof Kasper, Prof ... derivation due to the time-dependence of the unit vectors Using the product rule for the derivation and the fact that the time derivative of the unit vector is the cross product of !rf with this ... the scaling of the argument on index k of the measured data in reciprocal space As the sum is finite, it only represents an approximation of the delta function The position of the origin and the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 18:32