measurement of steroid receptor binding to dna

... DNA fragments Fig Chemical structure of WP631 The carbon atoms at positions 13, 14, 3¢ and 4¢ are indicated in the upper part of the dimer analysis revealed up to six distinct binding modes to ... with DNA Anti-Cancer Drug Design 3, 157–168 37 Churchill, M.E.A., Hayes, J.J & Tullius, T.D (1990) Detection of drug binding to DNA by hydroxyl radical footprinting: relationship of distamycin binding ... footprinting gels for the interaction of WP631 with the tyrT DNA fragment This fragment has been widely used for assessing the sequence-specific binding of small molecules to DNA including the anthracycline...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... binding of ICAM L cells to coated CD18 integrins (data not presented) To examine the role of I domains in ICAM-4 binding in more detail we tested the ability of I domain GST fusion proteins to ... mapped to domains and of the ICAM-1 molecule [44] None of these anti-ICAM-1 mAbs showed inhibitory effects on adhesion of ICAM-2 or ICAM-4 L cells MAbs to ICAM-2 and ICAM-4 inhibited the binding of ... cell adherence to the I domain of CD11a However, the presence of both MgCl2 and CaCl2 seems to be required for high affinity binding of ICAM-2 L cell transfectants to the I domain of CD11b as well...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... Number of waters Number of inhibitor atoms Baverage (A2) Protein main chain atoms Protein side chain atoms All protein atoms Inhibitor atoms Water atoms Other atoms All atoms PDB code Methyl 4,4II,4III,4IVtetrathio-a-D-xylopentaoside ... Ir Number of observations Number of unique reections Temperature (K) Rfactor (%) Rfree (%) Rmsd bond lengths (A) Rmsd bond angles () Number of all atoms Number of protein atoms Number of waters ... This is probably due to the packing of the molecules, as Arg105 bends away to make space for the inhibitor molecule of the adjacent enzyme molecule Evaluation of inhibitor binding and implications...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... Committee of the University of California, Irvine O N H 18 Figure Chemical structure of F 18 N F-nifene The focus in this work is on in vivo evaluation of 18Fnifene binding to a4b2 nicotinic receptors ... System The regions of interest of the same size were drawn and analyzed on the brain regions rich in a4b2 nicotinic receptors using the OptiQuant software, and the binding of 18F-nifene was measured ... of a4b2 receptors Significant levels of uptake were observed in the various regions of the cortex while very little binding is present in the cerebellum (Figure 2A,B,C) Time-activity curves of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... chimeras to cellular CD4 Binding of Fc-gp120 chimeras to cellular CD4 Inhibition of binding of Fc-gp120 chimeras to CEM-CD4 cells by (A) sCD4, (B) Fab b12 or (C) Fab 2G12 Inhibition of binding ... molecular tool, we investigated gp120's interaction with its receptor, coreceptor and attachment cofactor(s), and the inhibition mechanism of nAbs and entry inhibitors We observed inhibition of WT ... Coreceptor binding inhibitors included RANTES (R&D systems, Minneapolis) and TAK779 (courtesy of the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program) ELISA To assay the binding of a panel of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... Ngo-Abdalla S, Moore P, Bobardt M, Chatterji U, Gallay P, Burton DR, Wilson IA, Elder JH, de Parseval A: Inhibition of HIV Env binding to cellular receptors by monoclonal antibody 2G12 as probed by Fc-tagged ... residual infection, with 100% representing infection in the absence of mAb Results are representative of two experiments Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2007, 4:23 ... neutralization activity of mAbs A) b12, B) X5, and C) 2G12 was assessed in the standard (closed circles) and post-CD4 (open circles) neutralization formats Results are expressed as % of residual infection,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... (fig 1, line 3) Figure receptor- binding contour The functional (8)model plot with an inadequate choice of The functional (8) contour plot with an inadequate choice of receptor- binding model method ... direct measurements of ligandreceptor complex concentration, [RL] are determined The investigator has to solve two basic interrelated problems [6]: discrimination among the ligand -receptor binding ... cooperative binding parameters and for analysis of non-equilibrium binding Regression methods can be found for the measurement of ligand -receptor interaction constants [11] As a matter of fact,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 22:22

... TERC and DNA ends We then propose that the 3' end of the RNA can fold back to act as a primer for retrotranscribing into DNA a portion of its 3' sequence until it reaches the 5' end of the DNA break ... than 12-14 MYA In order to investigate the possible role of telomerase in ITS insertion, we took advantage of the availability of the nearly complete sequence of the genomes of Homo sapiens, Pan ... corresponds to the canonical telomeric template, the grey line to the nucleotides immediately adjacent to the 3' side of the template, the yellow line to nucleotides homologous to the last nucleotides of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... by cAMP binding to the anti-cAMP -binding sites of CRP, which in turn trigger specic pathways of signal transmission from the cyclic nucleotide -binding domain to the DNA -binding domain of the protein ... be calculated to be 26.6 A This distance decreases by about A to 18.7 A on binding of cAMP to the anti-cAMP -binding sites of the protein The distance between the sulfur atom of Cys178 and ... in the movement of the C-terminal domain of CRP by % A towards the N-terminal domain, which in consequence leads to rearrangement of DNA -binding domains and cAMPbinding domains of the protein...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... lifetime instead of the values of lifetimes of the resolved components Binding of cAMP to anticAMP -binding sites leads to signicant changes in the uorescing properties of Trp13 of CRP(cAMP)2, including ... in the CAPDNA complex: DNA binding specicity based on energetics of DNA kinking J Mol Biol 314, 6374 38 Lin S-H & Lee JC (2003) Determinants of DNA bending in the DNA- cyclic AMP receptor protein ... scattering measurements of the CRP DNA complex, which indicate that this structural change in the N-terminal domain of the protein occurs upon binding of DNA to the C-terminal domain of CRP [30]...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... in binding may be due to binding of N-loop residues to the receptor N-domain The structure of IL-8 is known, and the structural basis for its function has been well studied [8–17] The receptor ... buffer, and n is the net number of protons transferred during binding To investigate whether there is a net proton transfer on IL-8 binding to the receptor N-domain, ITC measurements were carried out ... that some of the acidic residues, in addition to the apolar residues, are involved in binding to neutrophil receptors [20] Although the results from the mutational studies of the receptor N-domain...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... concentration of 1-mM GSH (i.e close to the intracellular level) reduces, by about 40%, the capacity of S23906-1 to bond to DNA At 10-mM GSH, the extent of DNA alkylation by S23906-1 is reduced by 70% Altogether, ... prior to measurement of the drug DNA adducts by fluorescence As shown in Fig 9, the fluorescence spectra of a DNA solution obtained from the KB-3-1 Fig Inhibition of the formation of S23906-1 DNA ... present study was to investigate further the reactivity of S23906-1 towards the bionucleophiles DNA and GSH The covalent binding of the drug to GSH reduced the formation of DNA adducts and slightly...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... binding of the Jun-Fos heterodimer to DNA Results and Discussion Basic residues cooperate in driving the binding of the Jun-Fos heterodimer to DNA To understand how basic residues drive the binding ... of binding of the JunJun homodimer to DNA (Table 3) With the exception of JunR261, JunK268 and JunR272, alanine substitution of all other residues reduces the binding of the Jun-Jun homodimer to ... energetics of binding (Table 1) Notably, although the JunR270A mutation reduces the binding of the JunFos heterodimer to DNA by approximately four-fold, it completely abolishes binding to DNA in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:20

... structural features of VEGF-A, are not orientated towards the receptor- binding face and are therefore unable to influence receptor recognition Alternatively, the inhibitory effects of the C-terminal ... physical block, preventing access of the VEGFRs to the receptor- binding face Curiously, replacement of the heparin -binding domain of VEGF-A with the C-terminal residues of the viral VEGF did not significantly ... specificity of the viral VEGFs It has been hypothesized that the inability of viral VEGF to bind VEGFR-1 may be due to the absence of a functional groove on the receptorbinding face of the homodimer...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... initially been reported to function as transcriptional activators of cold-induced genes such as hns [36] and gyrA, encoding a subunit of DNA gyrase [37] The ability of CSP to bind to singlestranded ... Rfreeb (%) Number of nonhydrogen atoms Number of protein molecules Number of dT6 molecules Number of water molecules ˚ Mean B factor (A2) RMSD: ˚ bond lengths (A) bond angles (°) torsion angles ... Max et al DNA single-strand binding to the cold shock domain A Fig Crystal structure of The Bc-CspÆdT6 complex (A) The DNA strands (red ¼ backbone, beige ¼ bases) bind to globular units of a swapped...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:21

... E (1990) Regulation of the function of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I: analysis of the binding step and of the catalytic constants of topoisomerization as a function of DNA topology Biochemistry ... Supercoil binding by topoisomerase I Z Yang et al Fig Alternative modes for topoisomerase I binding to a DNA node (A) Node binding occurs through dimerization of topoisomerase I (B) Node binding ... the binding involves an interaction with two regions of DNA at the point of crossing One hypothesis to explain how the enzyme provides two DNA -binding sites to stabilize an interaction with a DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 22:21

... the pathogenic mechanism of which is not fully understood Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) seems to be related to the pathogenesis of steroid resistance, but the amount of GR in cells changes in ... SR = steroid- resistant; SS = steroid- sensitive; TNF = tumour necrosis factor FCM is a convenient tool for determining protein expression of cell surface receptors and has also been shown to be ... The authors would like to express appreciation to the staff of Department of Rheumatology and Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital for contributing to the completion of this work The authors...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... virus, as a result of expression of the same amino acid (Ala) at position 190 of the HA-RBD Although antibodies to the HA-antigenic sites have been shown to affect receptor binding specificity ... respectively) to all PMP at lower titers turkeys to pigs Several studies have shown the importance of this residue in determining the receptor binding specificity and host range of influenza A ... plasmids (pCAGGS-WSN-NP, pcDNA774-PB1, pcDNA762-PB2, and pcDNA787-PA, kindly provided by Dr Y Kawaoka, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI) into 293T cells with the help of Lipofectamine-2000 reagent...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:22

... appears to be the key factor for denitrification in the paddies in addition to the apparatus for paddy surface drainage treatment This information is an important indicator of the stabilization of ... types of quinone related to denitrification rates in the apparatus were thought to be similar to those in the surface of paddy soil, because microorganisms in the apparatus were thought to have ... in activated sludge (Hiraishi et al., 1996) The molar ratio of menaquinone to ubiquinone (MK/Q) is used as an indicator of the respiratory state such as the balance between anaerobic and aerobic...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... populations of the receptor via a two-step reaction in which the first binding step, representing binding to the EGF-A domain, is followed by binding of PCSK9 to a second site within the receptor In ... Horton JD, Cohen JC & Hobbs HH (2007) Binding of proprotein convertase subtilisin ⁄ kexin type to epidermal growth factor-like repeat A of low density lipoprotein receptor decreases receptor ... marked contrast to what is seen in many receptor systems, including the insulin receptor [26], where lowering of the pH leads to dissociation of ligand from receptor The reduced dissociation at low...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20