lecture notes on c programming language ppt

... representationis calledcyclicif its carrier spaceHcontains acyclic vector( for thismeans that the closure of(A)( (which in any case is a closed subspace ofH) coincides withH Proposition 2.9.2 Any non-degenerate ... assumption of non-degeneracy guarantees that p isnonzero, and the conclusion implies thatA!p(A) denes a subrepresentation ofAonpH Thissubrepresentation is clearly cyclic, with cyclic vector  ... (2.103) Conversely, from anystate ! 2 S(A) one can construct a cyclic representation ! on a Hilbert space H ! with cyclicvector (! in the following way We restrict ourselves to the unital case

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:41

... definition of a hard-core predicate for a one way function, to a collection of hardcore predicates for a collection of one-way functions Definition 2.50 A hard-core predicate of a one-way function collection ... following discussion more clear, let us concentrate on the cryptographic task of secure datacommunication, namely encryption schemes In secure encryption schemes, the legitimate user is able to decipher ... for any function f Goldreich and Levin’s result is a significantly simpler constructionthan Yao’s earlier construction We now introduce the concept of a hard-core predicate of a function and show

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20

... References 133 6 Conversions 135 6.1 Implicit Conversions 135 6.2 Explicit Conversions 138 6.3 Standard Conversions 142 6.4 User-Defined Conversions 143 7 Expressions 147 7.1 Expression Classifications ... 471 20 Generics 473 20.1 Generic Class Declarations 473 20.2 Generic Struct Declarations 484 20.3 Generic Interface Declarations 484 20.4 Generic Delegate Declarations 486 20.5 Constructed Types ... please contact: International Sales (317) 581-3793 international@pearsontechgroup.com Visit Addison-Wesley on the Web: www.awprofessional.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... (§21.8) function s tr ft im e() from the time and date format directives: s iz e_ t s tr ft im e(c r* s s iz e_ t m ax c on st c r* f or ma t, c on st t m* t mp ; si ze _t st rf ti me ch ar s, ... rf ti me ch ar s, si ze _t ma x, co ns t ch ar fo rm at co ns t tm tm p) This function places a maximum of m ax characters from *t mp and the f or ma t into *s according the ma x tm p fo rm at ... Section D.4.4.3 Date and Time Output 909 actual output and may contain the following special-purpose format specifiers: %a %a %A %A %b %b %B %B %c %c %d %d %H %H %I %I %j

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... are there that (a) contain the word “CAC”? (b) contain the word “CCC”? (c) contain the word “CDC”? (d) does not contain the word “CCD”? Lemma 2.1.4 Let M and N be two sets such that |M| = m and ... we have a collection of n + 1 balls that contains at least one greenball From this collection, pick a collection of n balls that contains at least one green ball.Then by the induction hypothesis, ... consider the collection ℓ1, ℓ2, , ℓn−1, ℓn+1 This collectionagain consists of n non-parallel lines and hence by induction hypothesis, all these lines passthrough a common point This common point

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 12:20

... 11 | Classical SymmetriesThe concept of symmetry will play a crucial role in nearly all aspects of our discussion of weakinteractions At the level of the dynamics, the fundamental interactions ... { Classical At the classical level, symmetries of an action which is an integral of a local Lagrangian density areassociated with conserved currents Consider a set of elds,j(x) wherej= 1 toN, ... as a model of leptons, simply because at the time the strong interactions the weak interactions ofthe hadrons were not completely understood Trang 28interactions conserve electron number,  number

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:10

... postulated to contain complete information aboutphysical state The dimensionality of a complex vector space is specified according to thenature of physical system under consideration An observable can be ... facts • Electromagnetic wave/light: Diraction (Young, 1803; Laue, 1912)) • Electromagnetic quanta /light: Black body radiation (Planck, 1900); Photoelectriceect (Einstein, 1904); Compton eect ... at each encounter Should it reach the surface of the material, the kinetic energy of the electron would be further reduced as the electron overcame and escaped the attraction of the surface atoms

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:12

... Electron collisions with molecules 140 1 Frank-Condon principle 2 Dissociation 3 Dissociative ionization 4 Dissociative recombination 5 Dissociative electron attachment 6 Electron impact detachment ... the electron-ion andelectron-electron collision frequencies are, respectively, νν because the ions’ slight motion during the collision can be neglected The factor n on the right is of course ... Introduction to Gas Discharges 21Argon Momentum Transfer Cross Section Trang 28Collision frequency per mTorrArgon Ionization Cross Section Trang 29 Introduction to Gas Discharges 23Ionization probability

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:17

... dangerous Correctness proofs can also contain bugs: use a com-bination of testing and correctness proofs ∗ Copyright c  Ian Parberry, 1992–2001. Correctness of Recursive Algorithms To prove correctness ... lines L, and colour the remaining regions with 2 colours (which can be done, by the in-duction hypothesis) Replace L Reverse all of the colours on one side of the line Consider two regions that have ... donation on behalf of your class. ❍ If you have a credit card, you may place your donation online at National Multiple Sclerosis Society - Lone Star Chapter 8111 North Stadium Drive Houston, Texas

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 02:47

... remain motionless on the beta-plane To balance this excess of meridional force, a northward Coriolis force associated with a westward motion is necessary For a cyclone, the converse rea- soning leads ... the anticyclone propagation In the case of a tall iso- lated seamount, the most noticeable effect is the circulation and shear created by the anticyclonic topographic vortex and the incident vortex ... Generation by Currents Changing Direction Many oceanic eddies are formed near capes where coastal currents change direction. Ou and De Ruijter [118] relate the flow separation from the coast to

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:21

... example: c ch ha ar r*c co on ns st t c cp p; / /const pointer to char c ch ha ar r c co on ns st t*p pc c; / /pointer to const char c co on ns st t c ch ha ar r*p pc 2; / /pointer to const char ... example: c co on ns st t i in t c c1 1=1 1; c co on ns st t i in t c c2 2=2 2; c co on ns st t i in t c c3 3=m my y_ _f f(3 3) ; / /don’t know the value of c3 at compile time e ex xt er n c co on ns ... na am mi ic c_ _c ca as st t<type> (expr ) compile-time checked conversion s st ta ti ic c_ _c ca as st t<type> (expr ) unchecked conversion r re ei in te er rp re et t_ _c ca as st

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... and ‘‘.c files,’’ respectively. Other conventions, such as C C,.c cx x,.c cp pp p, and.c cc c, are also found The manual for your com-piler will be quite specific about this issue The reason for ... C"c ch ha ar r*s st rc cp y(c ch ha ar r*,c co on ns st t c ch ha ar r*) ; The effect of this declaration differs from the effect of the ‘‘plain’’ declaration e ex xt er n c ch ha ar r*s st rc ... these functions Such a connection can be established by declaring the functions as members: Functions declared within a class definition (a s st ru uc ct t is a kind of class; §10.2.8) are called

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... tr in g&, c on st c r*); St ri ng op er at or co ns t St ri ng co ns t ch ar To save space, I have left the I/O and concatenation operations as exercises The main program simply exercises the S ... rc mp x.r ep s, y.r ep s) 0; }; S tr in g o pe to r+(c on st S tr in g&, c on st S tr in g&); St ri ng op er at or co ns t St ri ng co ns t St ri ng S tr in g o pe to r+(c on st S tr in g&, c ... Section 11.12 A String Class 297 f ri en d b oo l o pe to r!=(c on st S tr in g& x c on st S tr in g& y fr ie nd bo ol op er at or co ns t St ri ng x, co ns t St ri ng y) { r et ur n s tr cm

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... rc ch h () ‘‘backwards.’’ It finds the last occurrence of its second input sequence in its first input sequence, rather than the first occur- rence of its second sequence. The s se ea ar rc ch ... that is done The concurrency mechanism will have a concept of locking to prevent two tasks accessing the same memory simultaneously Use the machine’s locking mechanism to implement a lock class. ... application operator of a class than to inline a function passed as a pointer to function Consequently, function objects often execute faster than do ordinary func-tions An object of a class

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... functions first skip whitespace For example: This places the first non-whitespace character from c ci in n into c c. In addition, we can read into an array of characters: Trang 14a whitespace character ... object for which only a base class isknown Since the exact type isn’t known, correct output cannot be achieved simply by defining a <<for each new type Instead, a virtual output function can ... stream, we can read a character into the stream’s character type If that character type is c ch ha ar r, we can also read into a s si ig gn ne d c ch ha ar r and u un ns si ig gn ne d c ch ha ar

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... L’c-char-sequence’ c-char-sequence: c-char c-char-sequence c-char c-char: any member of the source character set except the single-quote, backslash, or new-line character escape-sequence universal-character-name ... re ak br ea k c as e ca se c at ch ca tc h c r ch ar c la ss cl as s  b oo l   c om pl  co mp l c on st co ns t c on st _c as t co ns t_ ca st c on ti nu e co nt in ue d ef au lt de fa ul t ... "q-char-sequence" h-char-sequence: h-char h-char-sequence h-char h-char: any member of the source character set except new-line and > q-char-sequence: q-char q-char-sequence q-char q-char: any member

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... PM Trang 81 Introduction6 declares a class named Stack in a namespace called Acme.Collections The fully qual-ified name of this class is Acme.Collections.Stack The class contains several mem-bers: ... software components Several C# features aid in the construction of robust and durable applications: Garbage collection automatically reclaims memory occupied by unused objects; exception handling ... information about the component; and they incorporate their own documentation C# provides language constructs to directly support these concepts, making C# a very natural language in which to create

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... Evaluate expression in checked context unchecked(x) Evaluate expression in unchecked context Trang 5Additive x + y Addition, string concatenation, delegate combi-nation x – y Subtraction, delegate ... } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } } checked and unchecked statements static void Main() { int i = int.MaxValue; checked { Console.WriteLine(i + 1);// Exception } unchecked ... finalization code that is always executed, whether an exception occurred or not The checked and unchecked statements are used to control the overflow checking con-text for integral-type arithmetic operations

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... may be declared with a readonly modifier. Assignment to a readonly field can only occur as part of the field’s declaration or in an instance constructor or static constructor in the same class. 1.6.5 ... public static readonly Color White = new Color(255, 255, 255); public static readonly Color Red = new Color(255, 0, 0); public static readonly Color Green = new Color(0, 255, 0); public static readonly ... 1.6 Classes and Objects 19 1. Introduction 1.6.2 Accessibility Each member of a class has an associated accessibility, which controls the regions of pro- gram text that are able to access the

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... Anonymous object initializer new T[ ] Array creation typeof(T) Obtain System.Type object for T checked(x) Evaluate expression in checked context unchecked(x) Evaluate expression in unchecked ... implements a computation or action that can be performed by an object or class. Static methods are accessed through the class. Instance methods are accessed through instances of the class. Methods ... { Console.WriteLine(“Good bye!”); } } checked and unchecked statements static void Main() { int i = int.MaxValue; checked { Console.WriteLine(i + 1); // Exception } unchecked...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 17:20