it a beginners introduction to computer programming

... 24.4 Miscellaneous things from itertools chain The chain function chains iterators together into one big iterator For example, if you have three lists, L, M, and N and want to print out all the elements ... almost exactly like an ordinary dictionary except that when you create a new key, a default value is given to the key Here is an example that mimics what the Counter class does s = 'aababcabcdabcd ... documentation to fill in the gaps The style of programming in this book is geared towards the kinds of programming things I like to do—short programs, often of a mathematical nature, small utilities to make

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2019, 23:57

... Computer Organization  Programming Languages  Programming Tasks  Data and Algorithms  Summary Trang 5Introduction  Computer  a device that can perform computations and make logical ... softwares Trang 8Hardware ALU = Arithmetic/logic gate unit: performing Computer Architecture Trang 9Software Trang 10Programming Languages for writing a computer program as a sequence of instructions ... programming language to perform a specified task by the computer Trang 6Introduction Programs and Trang 7Computer Organization computer (including peripherals)  the keyboard, screen, mouse, hard

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2023, 03:58

... iteration = iteration + 1; } } } Control Statements for Repetition Trang 7Introduction  A repetition statement allows you to specify that an action is to be repeated while some condition ... condition remains true  Example 1: Input validation  Ask a user to input a value  While his/her input value is invalid, ask him/her to input a value  Example 2: Search for any of you who ... C.1 Introduction to Computers and Programming  C.2 C Program Structure and its Components  C.3 Variables and Basic Data Types  C.4 Selection Statements  C.6 Functions  C.7 Arrays  C.8 Pointers

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2023, 03:58

... Introduction to Computers and Programming  C.2 C Program Structure and its Components  C.3 Variables and Basic Data Types  C.4 Selection Statements  C.5 Repetition Statements  C.7 Arrays  ... int getchar(void)  Gets a character (an unsigned char) from stdin  char *gets(char *str)  Reads a line from stdin and stores it into the string pointed to, by str It stops when either the ... Processing Trang 3References  [1] “C: How to Program”, 7th Ed – Paul Deitel and Harvey Deitel, Prentice Hall, 2012  [2] “The C Programming Language”, 2nd Ed – Brian W Kernighan and Dennis M Ritchie,

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2023, 03:58

... Grown/shrunk with dynamic allocation and de-allocation Uninitialized (static) global variables, static local variables Initialized (static) global variables, static local variables, constants Machine ... files  Store and retrieve data from files  Use macros  Summary Trang 5Recall – Chapter 3 and Chapter 8 Uninitialized data .bss Initialized data .data Code .text Stack Heap Read from ... program file by exec Initialized to zero by exec Command-line arguments and environment variables Higher address Lower address Local variables, arguments, grown/shrunk with function calls

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2023, 03:58

... Trang 66 Oracle Database (www.oracle.com) Oracle Version 3, released in 1983, was the first relational database to run on mainframes, minicomputers, and PCs The database was written in C, enabling ... the database to be ported to multiple platforms Trang 88 C (Programming Language) - Wikipedia The TIOBE index graph from 2002 to 2015, showing a comparison of the popularity of various programming ... programming languages Trang 9“You can increase your knowledge by learning about C this year that is unique programming language Being the oldest, it should be learnt firstly when you Trang 10programming

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2023, 03:58

... Chapter Computers and Programs Almost everyone has used a computer at one time or another Perhaps you have played computer games or used a computer to write a paper or balance your checkbook Computers ... understandable subsystems As you probably know, programmers are in great demand More than a few liberal arts majors have turned a couple computer programming classes into a lucrative career option Computers ... learn, programming language, 4–5 and portability, vs natural language, examples, high-level, syntax, 17 translation, programs, 35 average n numbers, 123, 126–130 average two numbers, 20 calculator,

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2017, 17:07

... operation of the computer Programming Fundamentals Secondary Storage  Secondary storage devices are used to be permanent storage area for programs and data  Examples: magnetic tapes, magnetic ... Chapter INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AND PROGRAMMING Programming Fundamentals Chapter     Hardware and software Programming Languages Problem solution and software development Algorithms Programming ... produce a specific result  Writing computer programs is called computer programming  The languages used to create computer programs are called programming languages  Software means a program or a

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2017, 18:16

... programming languages Such arrays are created and treated according to certainrules, and as a programmer, you may direct Matlab to compute and handle arrays as a whole, or as individual array elements ... read by Matlab is v0 = 5; % Initial velocity Trang 201.2 A Matlab Program with Variables 5According to its rules, Matlab will now create a variable with the namev0and set (the value of) that variable ... bolic Toolbox is that the results cannot automatically be imported into your codeand used for further analysis On the other hand, WolframAlpha has the advantagethat it displays many additional mathematical

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2017, 22:56

... Object-Orientation, Abstraction, and Data Structures Using Scala, Second Edition Uvais Qidwai, C.H Chen, Digital Image Processing: An Algorithmic Approach with MATLAB Mark J Johnson, A Concise Introduction ... principal, interest rate, and goal, and update the number of years to reach the goal if any of the sliders change Include a button to quit the application Write a GUI application to allow the user to ... JavaScript Mark C Lewis and Lisa L Lacher, Introduction to Programming and Problem-Solving Using Scala, Second Edition Aharon Yadin, Computer Systems Architecture Mark C Lewis and Lisa L Lacher, Object-Orientation,

Ngày tải lên: 04/03/2019, 16:12

... static initializerbrackets Static variables can be gotten to by calling with the class name Classname.variablename When announcing class variables as public static final, variables names (constants)must ... Inner classes andAnonymous classes.Java Packages Basically, it is a method for classifying the classes and interfaces At the point whencreating applications in Java, many classes and interfaces ... Trang 4File HandlingTrang 6The rising popularity of Java, as a programming platform and language has led to thedevelopment of several tools and configurations, which are made keeping Java in

Ngày tải lên: 11/11/2024, 12:20

... baa, aab,aba, and baa They hash to 1, 5, 0, 3, and 5 (we arbitrarily assume that aba hashes to3) Cell 3 of the hash table is set to 9, and cells 0, 1, and 5 become the starts of linkedchains Continuing ... can be associated with an integer Thus, each rationalnumber can be said to have a successor and a predecessor The real numbers, again, are different Given a real number a, we cannot point to its ... 1 (the largestbinary digit) The examples above don’t seem to show any compression at all It seems that the three example strings SWISS
MISS, a2a2a1a3a3, and a3a3a3a3eof are encoded intovery long

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... human eye is therefore similar to a digital camera Once we realize this, wenaturally want to compare the resolution of the eye to that of a modern digital camera.Current digital cameras have ... with appropriate mathematical software After normal- ization, the vi can be considered either as an 8×8 transformation matrix (specifically, a rotation matrix, since it is orthonormal) or as a ... like it, are physical embodiments of theabstract mathematical concept of probability distribution Prime numbers are familiar to most people They are attractive and important tomathematicians because

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... that adjacent samples are virtually always similar Audio data where many audio samples are very different... an important type of digital multimedia data Images are popular, they are easy to ... mentioned that the electronic digital computer was originally conceived as a fast, reliable calculating machine It did not take computer users long to realize that a computer can also store and ... and converts it to an electrical wave, a voltage that varies continuously with time in the same way as the sound To convert this voltage into a format where it can be input into a computer,

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... is separatedinto bitplanes, each a bi-level image (See also Grayscale Image,) Grayscale Image A continuous-tone image with shades of a single color (See also Continuous-Tone Image.) Huffman Coding. ... calleddigitally sampled analog data (DSAD) (See also Scalar Quantization.) Voronoi Diagrams Imagine a petri dish ready for growing bacteria Four bacteria of different types are simultaneously placed ... practice, vector quantization is commonly used to compress data that has been digitized from an analog source, such as sampled sound and scanned images (drawings or photographs) Such data is calleddigitally

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:15

... motor stoppage and the motormay suddenly restart Making the auxiliary contact an input and using itsaddress to seal the start push button can avoid this situation by making thetwo-wire circuit ... example, if a project involves the automation of a manufacturing plant in whichmaterials will be retrieved from the warehouse and sent to the automaticpackaging area, personnel from both the warehouse ... contact if anemergency occurs to disable the PLC system’s operation PLC fault contacts are safety contacts that are available to the user whenimplementing or enhancing a safety circuit When a PLC

Ngày tải lên: 28/12/2013, 22:17

... surface region for applying the torque has been created. 8 Step 5: To simulate the application of a torsion load on a cylindrical shaft in Pro/MECHANICA using the Total Load Applied ... Applied at Point (TLAP) functionality, a datum point located on the applied surface must be created. This will be used for defining the load and since we will use Total Load at Point (TLAP) and ... located on the right. Sketch -> Done Pick FRONT datum plane as sketching plane, and select Top then pick TOP datum plane in the graphics area. 7 Pick the necessary additional

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 05:20

... first language was English I had to learn Arabic and Italian By the time I was nine I was preparing to return to an English prep school so I was also learning Latin from a private tutor and French ... your imagination For example, it is not that hard to program a computer to play chess, just very hard to write a program to play sensibly, which is why we leave it to experts to write chess-playing ... that match powerful ideas C++ has one small failing in that the basic language lacks tools for graphical work That was easily fixed because I could write those tools in C++ and make them available...

Ngày tải lên: 31/05/2014, 23:29

... out all variables so they no longer exist clear variablename clears out a particular variable clear variablename1 variablename2 clears out a list of variables (note: separate the names with spaces) ... many operators and built-in functions that can be used in interactive expressions 1.1 GETTING INTO MATLAB MATLAB is a mathematical and graphical software package with numerical, graphical, and ... values are not known ahead of time Most languages also have the capacity to store constants, which are values that are known ahead of time and cannot possibly change An example of a constant value...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:53

... JavaScript provides a thing called a variable var caught = * 5; A variable always has a name, and it can point at a value, holding on to it The previous statement creates a variable called caught ... bits are available to store them This is a shame, but it causes practical problems only in very specific situations The important thing is to be aware of it and treat fractional digital numbers as ... break these rules as bad programmers What hostility to the richness of programming to try to reduce it to something straightforward and predictable and to place a taboo on all the weird and beautiful...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 16:57