improved effective use of solar radiation

... 35 Use of solar process heat - REH, Brussels_130315 GEA Brewery Systems Summary: use of solar thermal energy in breweries • Examples for use of solar heated water of about 95 °C: (1) Heating of ... tun Solar heat With additional heating surface for optional use of energy storage water 27 Use of solar process heat - REH, Brussels_130315 GEA Brewery Systems Heating of mash vessels With solar ... water) • e.g in brewhouse, cellar or packaging plant (8) Heating of boiler feeding water 36 Use of solar process heat - REH, Brussels_130315 GEA Brewery Systems Summary: use of solar thermal energy...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 05:20

... problems and inefficient use in agricultural systems There is an increasing social dilemma over the use of manure because of the odor problems and costs of application and handling of manure compared ... the productivity of the soil has been recognized from the earliest times Manure is of value in soil improvement because of its content of fertilizer materials, of humus, and of certain organic ... the potential uses on this type of system Environmental concerns from the use of manure are often associated with ground and surface water quality This chapter details the impacts of nitrate-nitrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:44

... configuration of Joshua, with the exception of the maximum number of items/rules, and the value of k (of the k-best outputs) is set to be 200 4.2 Results Table lists the statistics of the following ... complement span of v, which is the union of corresponding spans of nodes v ′ that share an identical parse tree with v but are neither antecedents nor descendants of v; • PA : the frontier set of FS , ... proposed algorithm, we use a target chunk set to constrain the attachment explosion problem because we use a packed parse forest instead of a 1best tree, as in the case of (Galley et al., 2006)...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... set of data-points For example, instances of the Danish en varm kartoffel may be used to translate several English phrases, not only a hot potato In general we expect that a wider range of possible ... combinations of SMT systems, which have used alignment techniques (Matusov et al., 2006) or simple heuristics (Eisele, 2005) to guide target sentence selection and generation Beyond SMT, the use of an ... phrasetable was more effective than against The indicator model uses the same interpolated distribution along with a series of 0-1 indicator features to identify the source of each event, i.e.,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... maximal values of radiation use efficiency The high-type thinning of medium intensity (15% reduction in the number of trees, and 23% reduction in LAI) led to the enhancement of the radiation transformation ... proportional to absorbed PAR The spatial structure of forest stand canopy plays a key role in the absorbing process of incident radiation Because of the role of active leaf area in PAR absorption and ... mast which was used as a holder of a set of meteorological sensors (PAR, global radiation, net radiation, wind speed, CO2 concentration, air temperature and relative humidity profiles) J FOR SCI.,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... function of solar constant Sc (we used the World Radiation Center value of 1367 W/m2 ), and the day of year (J): (4) The coefficient of transmissivity τM represents the fraction of incident radiation ... Campbell, 1981 Global radiation calculation Direct radiation Binary value of shadowing Di use radiation Terrain-reflected irradiance Reflectance of the ground surface Global radiation Rdir Sh Rdiff ... part of the direct or di use radiation scattered by the ground This component is a function of the ground cover, and can be large for snow-covered areas because of high albedo The amount of global...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:21

... 5.7 Power of ensemble trees in CS4 number of combined trees versus number of misclassied testing samples 99 5.8 Plots of top number of features versus number of errors ... each of iterations, about one-third of the samples are left out of the new bootstrap training set 24 Generation of trees: Let ề be the number of samples in the training data ậ , be the number of ... space of log-ratios by taking the logarithm of each gene (i.e feature) divided by the median of that gene across a set of experiments [85] It has been shown that the rankings of same set of candidate...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:12

... principles # # # # # # # # # # – Create emotional connection – Make it meaningful – Create sense of ownership – Make it trustworthy – Make it credible – Be sincere – Make it simple – Deploy all ... it meaningful Burson-Marsteller l Asia-Pacific l Evidence-Based Communications #3 Create sense of ownership Burson-Marsteller l Asia-Pacific l Evidence-Based Communications #4 Make it trustworthy...

Ngày tải lên: 30/11/2015, 10:39

... sequence of clearness index (resp the process of solar radiation) as a discrete process (resp a continuous one, solution of a SDE) The idea of using HMM and SDE in the study of solar radiation ... latitude of the location and calculated by (1.8), calculated by (1.7) 1.4 Total solar radiation Total (global) solar radiation, Gt , is the sum of the direct beam, Ib , and the diffuse solar radiation, ... Total solar radiation 1.4.1 Direct solar radiation 1.4.2 Diffuse solar radiation 1.5 Clearness index 1.6 Solar...

Ngày tải lên: 22/05/2016, 11:11

... Measured Hourly Solar Radiation (w/m2)   Figure Comparison between calculated and SoDa measured hourly solar radiation for the year of 2005 for Baghdad city Calculated Hourly Solar Radiation (W/m ... Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface: Recent Advances Springer, 2008 [2] Whiller A The determination of hourly values of total solar radiation from daily summation Archives of Meteorology ... Whiller A Evaluation of flate plate solar collector performance Transaction of the Conference on Use of Solar Energy, the Scientific basis, Vol II (I), Section A University of Arizona Press: Arizona,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:59

... measurements of daily solar radiation are in a good agreement Statistical analysis of these comparisons indicated that the daily solar radiation made by Meteosat-8 was very suitable for solar radiation ... the results and presented measured and estimated values of solar radiation reaching earth surface, one can imagine the huge amount of solar radiation received by earth surfaces in Iraq which is ... Hanson, K J., 1971 Studies of cloud and satellite parameterizations of solar irradiation at the earth surface In Proceedings of Miami Workshop on Remote Sensing, US Department of Commerce, pp 133–148...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... meteorological data and the global solar radiation measurement instruments were set at the roof of solar radiation laboratory An EKO MS-64 Pyranometer was used to measure global solar radiant flux; its ... studied the diffuse solar radiation on tilted surface in Lucknow, India They used the isotropic and anisotropic model, and they proposed the last one for estimation the diffuse solar radiation on ... peaks daily total solar radiation We compared also our measurements of the monthly mean daily values of global solar radiation for Ghardaïa with the larger time-series data of the NASA SSE model...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... Physiological signs of inadequate oxygenation such as hemodynamic instability or symptoms of myocardial ischemia occur Drainage of more than liter of blood in the first 24 hours Page of 47 patients ... our population with the use of tranexamic acid Although side effects have been reported in other large scale studies but none of them were serious enough to warrant disuse of the drug [25,26] In ... degradation of fibrin It has been previously used quite successfully in urological, gynecological and thoracic surgical procedures in order to reduce postoperative blood loss [16-19] The use of tranexamic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... demonstrate strong harvesting and effective conversion of IR radiation by solar cells with the built-in-dot charge The basic parameters of our devices with the built-in charge of two, three, and six electrons ... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/584 Page 11 of 13 Figure I-V characteristics of solar cells I-V characteristics of solar cells with built-in-dot charge of two electrons per dot (a) and six electrons ... number of electrons and number of dopants in the dot In Figure 6, we apply the analysis of our experimental data, obtained from Mitin et al [10], in the framework of this model For fitting of our...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... architecture of TiO2 electrode Ag2S QDs cannot be deposited in large numbers on the Page of inner surface of TNTs due to the limited space in TNTs, while the number of Ag2S QDs deposited on the surface of ... CB level of Ag S is lower than that of TiO2 as shown in Figure 6a[40], but the CB level of CdS is higher than that of TiO2 Therefore, the electron transfer is more efficient in CdS/TNT solar cells ... Author details Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea 2Nanomaterials...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... have used the 12-values of K t in the output of the model instead of the average H as often used The data used in this study was collected from meteorological stations of Algeria Journal of Physical ... thank the Director of the ONM (Office of National Meteorology of Algiers), for making available the database of solar radiation data for different sites, and Prof A Guessoum (Head of Signal Processing ... 18(2), 15–35, 2007 17 DATA SET The database used in this study consists of 60 × 12 monthly solar radiation values collected from the National Office of Meteorology (NOM) in Algeria Each site contains...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... number of sensors and can be complicated by spatial and temporal variability of transmitted radiation [7, 51, 64] Hence because of their technical complexity, reports of direct measurements of transmitted ... 2.2.1 Light measurements Solar irradiation was measured under the canopy of each plot (i.e., a surface area between 500 and 1600 m2) using tube solarimeters of Solar radiation in coniferous stand ... ratio of daily transmitted solar irradiation to daily incident solar irradiation This T value obtained from measured irradiation values will hereafter be called measured transmittance Measured solar...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... editing of the paper Author Details 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and 2Department of Radiation ... As a result, the calibration of kV-CBCT images for dose calculation is an active area of research [12-15] The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using a mapping method to calibrate ... module part of the phantom Calibration of relative electron density For the dose calculation in a treatment planning system, the relative electron density or physical density of each voxel of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:23

... positive after hours of incubation time: 3.44% of cell population), a finding that also precludes a substantial radiationinduced origin of apoptosis and corroborates the participation of agarose in ... component of total DNA breakage, and that the inhibition of apoptosis allows for more proper estimation of radiation- induced DNA DSB repair and apoptosis itself First, we found spontaneous cleavage of ... aggressive phenotype because the majority of radiation- induced DNA fragments are quickly rejoined Balart et al Radiation Oncology 2011, 6:6 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/6/1/6 Page of Catalonia (PRACAT),...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20