immunodeþiciency in hiv 1 infection

... cyclosporin-A, and Th2-type cytokines including interleukin-4 and -10 counteract the production of neopterin [ 21] The same is true for anti-inflammatory compounds including certain HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ... complex The Journal of infectious diseases 19 88, 15 8(5) :10 79 -10 83 Cinque PKI, Gerevini S, Miro JM, Price RW: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV- 1 infection Lancet Infect Dis 2009, 9:625-636 ... neopterin and virological studies showing that virus detected in CSF likely has at least two origins [47,48] CSF Neopterin in Clinical Management of HIV Infection Given the changes in CSF neopterin...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... on the TCR/CD3 complex in human T cells Faseb J 19 98, 12 :5 81- 92 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Page 10 of 11 (page number not for ... therapy HIV Med 2000, 1: 107 -15 French MA, Mallal SA, Dawkins RL: Zidovudine-induced restoration of cell-mediated immunity to mycobacteria in immunodeficient HIV- infected patients Aids 19 92, 6 :12 93-7 ... and Controls, Potters Bar, UK) and comprised: recombinant HIV- 1- nef, recombinant HIV- 1- gp120 and recombinant HIV- 1- p24 (all used at 10 µg/ml final concentration) [22] Adjuvant-free Remune and its...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:23

... Factors Influencing HIV- 1 Neuroinvasion While interferons (IFNs) are important for an anti-viral immune response, the lasting production of IFN-α and -γ Page of 11 in HIV- 1 infection has been linked ... Neurol 19 86, 45:635-646 Everall IP, Luthert PJ, Lantos PL: Neuronal loss in the frontal cortex in HIV infection Lancet 19 91, 337 :11 19 -11 21 Ketzler S, Weis S, Haug H, Budka H: Loss of neurons in the ... pathogenesis of HIV- 1 infection J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 19 99, 22: 413 -429 Orenstein JM, Fox C, Wahl SM: Macrophages as a source of HIV during opportunistic infections Science 19 97, 276 :18 57 -18 61 Alkhatib...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... Interference of interleukin -10 with human immunodeficiency virus type Page 13 of 15 13 5 13 6 13 7 13 8 13 9 14 0 14 1 14 2 14 3 14 4 14 5 14 6 14 7 14 8 14 9 15 0 15 1 15 2 15 3 15 4 replication in primary monocyte-derived ... macrophages, in particular macrophages in the gastrointestinal mucosa [18 6 ,18 7 ,19 2], preclude the Page of 15 simple extrapolation from findings in HIV- 1- infected monocytes to HIV- 1 infection of ... Clin Exp Immunol 19 97, 11 0 :10 4 -11 3 Herbein and Varin Retrovirology 2 010 , 7:33 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/7 /1/ 33 19 1 Smith PD, Meng G, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Shaw GM: Macrophage HIV- 1 infection...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... immunodeficiency virus type infection, Page 11 of 13 14 1 14 2 14 3 14 4 14 5 14 6 14 7 14 8 14 9 15 0 15 1 15 2 15 3 15 4 15 5 15 6 15 7 15 8 15 9 beta-chemokine production, and CCR5 expression in CD40Lstimulated macrophages: ... CC-chemokines, MIP -1 , MIP -1 and RANTES [12 9 ,13 7 ,14 1 -14 6] An iterative pretreatment of primary macrophages with TNFα prior to HIV infection inhibits HIV- 1 replication in primary macrophages [14 2] ... HIV- 1 gp120 envelope protein has the intrinsic capacity to stimulate monokine secretion J Immunol 19 91, 14 7:2892-29 01 134 Karsten V, Gordon S, Kirn A, Herbein G: HIV- 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... testing of HIV- 1 inhibition in 1G5 cells S fusiforme inhibits HIV- 1 infection in T cells in a dose dependant manner Next, we investigated S fusiforme ability to inhibit HIV- 1 infection in T cells ... 94 :13 193 -13 197 Page 11 of 12 (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2006, 3 :15 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Chun TW, Carruth L, Finzi D, Shen ... treatment for HIV- 1 infection J Neurovirol 2000, Suppl 1: S8-S13 Volberding PA: Advances in the medical management of patients with HIV- 1 infection: an overview Aids 19 99, 13 Suppl 1: S1-9 Graham...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:20

... transitory infection [5,37] and is presumably sustained by infected and susceptible CD4+ T cells trafficking into the meninges and brain In early HIV infection, this type of infection predominates ... antiretroviral therapy against HIV- 1 infection AIDS 2002, 16 (16 ): 214 5- 214 9 Cinque P, Brew BJ, Gisslen M, Hagberg L, Price RW: Cerebrospinal fluid markers in central nervous system HIV infection and AIDS ... DB, Cinque P, Epstein LG, Goodkin K, et al: Updated research nosology for Ho et al AIDS Research and Therapy 2 011 , 8 :17 http://www.aidsrestherapy.com/content/8 /1/ 17 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:22

... described in Figure MOI Cells and peptides 0.005 0. 01 0.05 0 .1 0.5 10 0.05 ± 0. 01 0.06 ± 0. 01 0.09 ± 0. 01 0 .10 ± 0. 01 0 .12 ± 0. 01 0. 51 ± 0.02 1. 02 ± 0.08 1. 53 ± 0.09 1. 68 ± 0 .11 0.67 ± 0.04 1. 34 ± 0 .10 ... ± 0. 41 10.98 ± 0.43 13 .83 ± 0. 61 16.66 ± 0. 71 21. 99 ± 0.94 30 .16 ± 1. 12 WT 0.04 ± 0. 01 0.08 ± 0. 01 0 .17 ± 0.02 0.39 ± 0.03 0.69 ± 0.05 1. 23 ± 0 .10 3.32 ± 0 .14 ΔRev 3.93 ± 0 .17 4.05 ± 0. 21 4.44 ... 2009, 83:79 31- 7947 doi :10 .11 86 /17 43-422X-7 -17 7 Cite this article as: Levin et al.: Peptides derived from the HIV- 1 integrase promote HIV- 1 infection and multi-integration of viral cDNA in LEDGF/p75-knockdown...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... Persisted Max No of Possible Initial Prop Visits 1, 5 0.80 44 12 49 50 54 1* 1* 58* env env env pol pol env env* env* env* 1 1 1 1 1, 6 1, 4 ,11 1, 3,5 1, 5 1, 2,8 1, 1, 10 1, 10 1, 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 0.80 0.20 0.20 ... 0.50 0.22 39 pol 1, 7 1 1.00 0 43 45 pol env 10 2,3 1, 5,6 ,10 1 1 1. 00 1. 00 15 pol 1, 4 1 0.20 1 20 13 17 55 pol pol env pol 1, 4,9 1, 1, 6 1, 2 1 1 1 1 0.20 0.50 0.80 0.20 Average: Superinfected at last ... Recombinants 27 28 11 10 7 12 12 No of Interstrain Recombinants 28 21 Rate of Intrastrain Recombination/ Ind Rate of Interstrain Recombination/ Ind 0 .14 8 1. 000 0.455 0.700 0.5 71 3.000 0. 417 0.333 1...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:21

... (15 .9) 75 (15 .6) 10 5 (16 .1) HHE 310 (13 .7) 13 8 (12 .2) 17 2 (15 .2) 61 (12 .7) 11 1 (17 .0) HHF *1 128 (5.6) 76 (6.7) 52 (4.6) 24 (5.0) 28 (4.3) HHF*2 480 ( 21. 2) 259 (22.8) 2 21 (19 .5) 99 (20.6) 12 2 (18 .7) ... HHD 16 7 1. 0 0.74 -1. 32 0.983 94 0.9 0.59 -1. 23 0.385 73 1. 2 0.75 -1. 92 0.442 HHE HHD/HHE 15 8 31 1 .1 1.9 0.82 -1. 51 1 .14 -3 .16 0.495 0. 015 85 19 1. 3 2.0 0.86 -1. 87 1. 08-3.57 0.234 0.028 73 12 0.9 1. 7 ... HHA 6 01 (26.5) 305 (26.9) 296 (26 .1) 13 3 (27.7) 16 3 (24.9) HHB HHC 44 (1. 9) 17 8 (7.9) 25 (2.2) 69 (6 .1) 19 (1. 7) 10 9 (9.6) (1. 7) 42 (8.8) 11 (1. 7) 67 (10 .2) HHD 370 (16 .3 19 0 (16 .8) 18 0 (15 .9)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... major plasmacytoid (pDC; HLA-DRintCD123hiCD11c-; 77 .1% ); a smaller myeloid (HLA-DRint/hiCD123-CD11clo; 20.4%); and a minor myeloid-related M-DC8+ (HLA-DRint/hiCD123-CD11chiM-DC8+; 2.5%) DC population ... described [15 -17 ,34] Consistent with the findings of another group [15 ], we identified a major HLA-DR int CD11c pDC population, a smaller HLA-DR int CD11c + mDC population and a minor CD11chi DC ... contains IFN-alpha-producing CD11c(-), myeloid CD11c (+), and mature interdigitating dendritic cells J Clin Invest 20 01, 10 7:835-844 16 Schmitt N, Cumont MC, Nugeyre MT, Hurtrel B, Barre-Sinoussi...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... observed increase in b-chemokine secretion during R5 HIV- 1 infection could therefore be due to HIV- 1 replication Similar b-chemokine upregulation during HIV- 1 infection has also been described in other ... significant (mean 11 .25% p = 0.375) Inhibition of X4 HIV- 1 infection was observed in experiments with out of donors, 10 days post -infection (mean 11 .25% ± 11 .9; p = 0.375)(Figure 6); however, in contrast ... of R5 HIV- 1, while CXCL -12 binds to CXCR4 and thus inhibits X4 HIV- 1 entry In contrast, proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL -12 and TNF-a stimulate HIV- 1 replication by promoting inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:21

... A2/B1 H Weeks Post -Infection 10 10 Donor A1 A2/B1 H Mean hnRNP Expression A1 A2/B1 H Weeks Post -Infection 10 Weeks Post -Infection 10 Donor Relative Expression Relative Expression 0 .1 0 .1 A1 A2/B1 ... remaining Rel at i v e mRNA d13pi 80 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 C d6pi 80 60 d6pi 40 d13pi d20pi 20 d27pi 0. 01 Hours Post-DRB 12 0 PBL Tat1-d3 Tat1-d7 Tat1-d10 Tat1-d14 Nef2-d3 Nef2-d7 Nef2-d10 ... 6000 Tat1 %Tat mRNA rem aining 10 0 4000 2000 d20pi d27pi 60 40 20 Days Post -Infection 0 Hours Post-DRB MDM Tat1-d6 Tat1-d13 Tat1-d20 Tat1-d27 Nef2-d6 Nef2-d13 Nef2-d20 Nef2-d27 0 .1 120 Rev1 10 0 %Rev...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 06:20

... susceptibility to in vitro HIV- 1 infection in EUs We evaluated PBMC susceptibility to in vitro infection using two HIV- 1 strains with different tropisms, HIV- 1 NL-4.3 (X4) and HIV- 1 BaL (R5) In order ... CCR5(CD8+)* 13 8.6 ( 61 208) 527.6 (267 – 862) 200 (12 4–285) 370 (19 4–527) 10 41 (475 12 33) 44 .1 (26.9–88.7) 470.2 (298–747) 250.5 (16 4–293) 288.7 ( 217 –403) 269.5 (238– 410 ) 280 .1 (16 5–360) 312 .3 (244–4 41) ... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/3 /1/ 35 taining 10 % FCS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin-neomycin, 1% glutamine and 10 0 U.I of IL2 (Proleukin; Chiron, France) and HIV- 1 replication was monitored by p24 antigen quantification in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/3 /1/ 46 Figure Inhibitory effect of polyanionic compounds against HIV- 1 infection of T-cells Inhibitory effect of polyanionic compounds against HIV- 1 infection of T-cells HIV- 1 BaL (R5, ... against virus binding to DC-SIGN and trans infection of PM -1 cells (Figure 4A) DxS exhibited a lower level of inhibition, demonstrating a maximal 50% inhibition of both binding and trans infection ... anti-viral activity against both HIV- 1 and HSV-2 following in vivo intravaginal application [39], whilst the 4% gel protected against in vivo HSV-2 infection in the cotton rat model [ 41] Although formulated...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... either HIV- 1 NL4-3 alone (1. 2 × 10 5 i.u.), HIV- 1 BaL alone (0.9 × 10 5 i.u.), HIV- 1 NLENG1-IRES (NL4-3 engineered to express eGFP) [39] (1. 6 × 10 5 i.u.), or a 1: 1 mixture of HIV- 1 NL43 and HIV- 1 NLENG1-IRES ... week pre -infection Shown are mean uninfected mouse levels (A, n = 4), infection with HIV- 1 NL4-3 + NLENG1IRES (B), infection with HIV- 1 NLENG1-IRES alone (C), and infection with HIV- 1 BaL (D) ... virus in blood up to 30 weeks postinfection is suggestive of prolonged viremia, which is typical of the chronic HIV- 1 infection seen in the human In contrast, in the SCID-hu-PBL model of HIV- 1 infection...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... for HIV- 1 infectivitya CD4 cell samples tested for HIV- 1 infectivitya Year (month) EU code Year (month) 19 99 (1, 7) 19 98 (1) , 2000 (4) 19 98 (1) 19 98 (11 ) 19 98 (1) , 19 99 (1) 19 98 (1) , 19 99 (1, ... W278 W336 B184 B195 19 60 19 55 19 58 19 51 1949 M M M M F 19 79 19 78 19 75 19 72 19 72 2003 2000 20 01 2003 Unknown HBs HCV HTLV Year Year + + + + - + + + + + + + + + - 19 96 19 96 19 96 19 98 19 98 2004 2004 ... (6) 19 98 (1) , 2000 (4, 8), 2004 (6) 19 98 (1) , 20 01 (1, 4) 19 98 (1, 11 ), 2004 (1) 19 98 (11 ), 19 99 (1, 7) Restricted tropismb Pantropic R5 tropic R5 tropic R5 tropic R5 tropic samples tested for HIV- 1...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... HIV- 1 infected cells Probe Set ID Accession # 34083_at 35323_at 318 58_at 3 216 5_at 32556_at 33372_at 39628_at 2029_at 35255_at 11 91_ s_at 11 92_at 37350_at 11 04_s_at 36 614 _at 35467_g_at AA 311 1 81 ... of action of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: p15 and p16 bind to kinases, p 21 and p27 bind to cyclins Oncogene 19 95, 11 :15 81- 1588 Clarke B, Chetty R: Cell cycle aberrations in the pathogenesis ... U78525 X07 315 L 418 87 X64044 AI189226 AI6 715 47 N36267 AF098799 AB00 310 2 AB00 310 3 AL0 311 77 M 117 17 X87949 W73046 Gene Description splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich eukaryotic translation initiation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... occurs [12 ] and recruits MRE 11 and RAD50 [13 ,14 ] In addition, NBS1 recruits the ATM kinase to DSB sites [15 ], and NBS1 [15 ] and ATM [16 ] are then both required to recruit the ATR kinase [16 ] Activation ... after infection with the integrasedeficient virus, and neither viral construct induced PARP cleavage in the normal cells Thus, HIV- 1 infection induces apoptosis of NBS1-deficient cells in an integrasedependent ... no 16 15 7), which were then removed and supernatants were diluted 10 -fold with a dilution buffer (0. 01% SDS, 1. 1% Triton X -10 0, 1. 2 mM EDTA, 16 .7 mM Tris-Cl, pH 8 .1, 16 7 mM NaCl, protease inhibitors)...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... 39.353 19 6.763 19 6.763 WLHELGQFI WLHELGQHI WLHELGQLI WLHELGQWI WLHELGQYI 10 82 .19 4 19 6.763 19 6.763 10 82 .19 4 10 82 .19 4 WLHELGQQD WLHELGQQV 0.2 81 1 311 .7 51 α Accession No.: A1.TZ. 01. A3 41_ AY253 314 of Half ... QLLFVHFRT QLLFVHFRV 1. 599 1. 599 458.437 10 6. 613 1. 599 1. 599 15 9.920 1, 492.586 10 11 α Accession No.: A1.TZ. 01. A3 41_ AY253 314 β Estimate of Half Time of Disassociation of a Molecule Containing This Epitope ... authors read and approved the final manuscript 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Alter G, Altfeld M: NK cell function in HIV- 1 infection Curr Mol Med 2006, 6:6 21- 629 Benito JM, Lopez M, Soriano...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20