human machine interface design for process control applications pdf download

... Chemistry of side reactions and by-products may also offer opportunities for increasing the inherent safety of a process For example, a process involv-ing a caustic hydrolysis step uses ethylene dichloride ... chlorine are available for water treatment and disinfection applications For example, sodium hypochlorite has been used both in industrial and municipal water treatment applications (Governale ... solution in sulfuric acid) for sulfona-tion reacsulfona-tions If a chemical process requires the concentrated form of a material, it may be feasible to store it as a more dilute form and concentrate

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 03:15

... Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety CENTER FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS SAFETY of the AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 345 ... Loss Containment for Different Process Equipment Table 4-2 Basic Considerations for All Fired Equipment Table 4-3 Process Vessels: Special Material Concerns Table 4-4 Checklist for Design and Operation ... were written for engineers on the design team, the process hazard analysis team, and the people who make the basic decisions on plant design Engineering design for process safety should be considered

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 03:15

... them.Therefore, when you design a user interface, you have to understand how theinterface works in the operating system for which you’re designing it Ifyou’re going to write a software interface for ... stockwent up for sale in 1996 What’s more, the user interface for Netscape set thestandard for Web browser design that is still largely in use today Internet Explorer and Its Impact on Design Microsoft ... number of tasks the user has toremember, GUIs also constrain the designer by requiring the interface to con-form to standards designed for that operating system What’s more, all theGUIs discussed

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... usability and user analysis has matured, processes for userdesign and usability testing have emerged The leading process for userdesign is the Goal-Directed Design Process Usability testing falls into ... dirty, formative, and summative The Goal-Directed Design Process Cooper and Reimann (2003) produced the Goal-Directed Design Process forsoftware engineering and user design The Goal-Directed Design ... the desired task The interface is designed to understand what the user is doing so that the interface can react Trang 7accordingly For example, the interface will watch for any change invisual

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... andworkflow design based on the users’ tasks and streamlines work beforeyou begin design No interface design is produced in this task • Conceptual model design—The team creates high-level design rules forpresenting ... designing your interface For example, there are guide-lines for creating Web pages so that they appear correctly in every Webbrowser You will learn more about design guidelines for user interfaces ... in Chapter 7,“Designing a User Interface,” and for Web sites in Chapter8,“Designing a Web Site.” Phase 2: Design, Testing, and Development This phase is split into three levels of design work Each

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... discussion about why you should care about good user interface design. There are three primary reasons for good user interface design: good design saves you and your team time and your company ... about good design goals. You must implement four good design goals into any user interface: to implement ethi- cal, purposeful, pragmatic, and elegant designs. The benefits of user design include ... and applying your design processes to other projects. You learned about the constraints that users and designers face, and the gap this causes in producing well-designed user interfaces. You should

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... knowledge, and you can design your user interface to meet the needs of this large group of users. To create a good interface or product design for your users, you need to have goals. Therefore, this chapter ... prompted for information when the program needs to receive it instead of when it’s natural for the user to provide that information. Because people form mental models that are simpler than reality, designers ... for. .. that your interface sends your user 1 46 Chapter 6 The Goal-Directed Design Process was designed to keep everyone in the loop, keep guesswork out of the design process, and provide

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... frameworkshould behave, you’re ready for the fifth and final step in the Goal-DirectedDesign Process: refining the form and its behaviors to create a final design Designing the Persona-Based Interaction ... strategy, because an interface thatseems more human and is more responsive to human needs results in a hap-pier user experience To help meet the goal of user interface design that is more human, you need ... principles for graphical user interfaces (GUIs),and Chapter 8,“Designing a Web Site,” will discuss interaction-level prin-ciples for Web sites dis-• Interface-level principles—These define the interface

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... forms, frames,scripts, and other embedded applications that have made Web interfacedesign as complicated as interface design for a desktop application.Web interfaces don’t yet provide all the rich ... in Web design—When you design for theWeb, you’re not just designing Web pages that have static content thatyou want people to read You’re designing a system that includes theform that information ... and final step in the Directed Design Process: refining the program and interface form and behav-ior, and then finalizing the design so that you can share the information withstakeholders You

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... a printed form to use. As you create your logging form, you need to set criteria for performance measures. A typical criterion for performance measures is a four-point scale, which forces a choice ... Test Materials Before you test,you must prepare legal forms for the treatment of human par- ticipants. As the tester,you are responsible for the following: • Creating a legal form that correctly ... include the time it takes for the user to perform the task and the time it takes for the user to recover from errors. You’ll want to follow the same performance measures for most tasks in the same

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... the usability process at the same time as the ect design process? proj-Starting the usability process at the same time as the project design gives you the ability to couch the design of not only ... development team before the design process starts If that’s not possible, get as much customer feedback as possible so you can approach designers with this feedback to better design other products. ... use of consistency and standards in the design of your interface do for its users? It helps ensure that the users can find the information they are looking for because it is always in the same place.

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:21

... Trang 1A user interface is well designed when the program model conforms to the user model That's it Almost all good user interface design comes down to bringing the program ... a lot of things, and it is the designers' responsibility to make these choices for them so that they don't have to It is the height of arrogance for a software designer to inflict a choice like ... that they can make an educated decision.) It has been said that design is the art of making choices When you design a trash can for the corner, you have to make choices between conflicting requirements

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... code for tabbed dialogs is built into modern operating systems and available practically for free, it's a wonder you still see applications that don't take advantage of them. These applications ... buttons afford pushing. They look like they stick out and they look like the way to operate them is by clicking on them. Unfortunately, many Web sites these days (unaware of the value of affordances) ... unloved briefcase A metaphor badly chosen is worse than no metaphor at all. Unfortunately, desktop user interface designers feel that they're breaking some kind of law if they don't

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... creative," but unfortunately, to make a user interface easy to use, you are going to have to channel your creativity into some other area. In most UI decisions, before you design anything from ... time and mine evangelizing it? Unhappily, there is a dark force out there that fights consistency. That force is the natural tendency of designers and programmers to be creative. I hate to be ... originally designed to look and feel just like Microsoft Office applications. The decision to emulate the Office UI wasn't merely to suck up to Microsoft or to position the companies for acquisition.

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... about software for a while When you're designing for extremes with software, the three most important "extremes" to remember are: 1 Design for people who can't read 2 Design for people who ... conditions 1 Design for extremes so that your product can be used under extreme conditions, and 2 Design for extremes so that your product is more comfortable to use under normal conditions Designing ... possible This is a principle called design for extremes Don't design something that can only be read in daylight: design it to be read in dim light, too Don't design something that can only be

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... couple of great books like Tog on Software Design (Addison-Wesley, 1995), which is a lot of fun and a great introduction to UI design, and Tog on Interface (Addison-Wesley, 1992) Tog invented ... mouse is controlled with the wrist and most of the fingers This is much like writing, and you probably developed very accurate motor skills for writing in elementary school But a trackball is controlled ... it's much harder to control a trackball to the same degree of accuracy as a mouse Most people find that they can control a mouse to within one or two pixels but can only control a trackball to

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... Obviously, designing software for Pete is quite different from designing software for Patricia, who, in turn, is quite different from Mike, a sixteen-year-old who runs Linux at home, talks on IRC for ... 6Chapter 12: The Process of Designing a Product Overview We've talked about the principles of good design, but principles only give you a way to evaluate and improve an existing design So, how ... predesigned card from library 4 Send card: a Using email b By printing it out For lack of any better way of thinking about the problem, this might lead itself to a typical Macintosh user interface

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... means which The general rule for how to use color was best stated by Web designer Diane Wilson: "Design in black and white Add color for emphasis, when your design is complete." Strange ... red, yellow, manila, and blue I decided to use one color for clients, one color for employees, one color for receipts, and the fourth color for everything else Outrageously sensible, right? No The ... being the best designs always seem to have the fewest buttons While those products were being created, it's pretty obvious that the designers kept thinking of ways to simplify the interface, not

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21

... screen using a point-and-click interface that responds immediately Many Web designers have given up on Java Applets for mission-critical work because of the long downloads, the compatibility problems ... to wipe up the tea before it ruins another keyboard Frustrating, huh? Most designers of email-on-the-Web interfaces are aware of this time lag, and they've compensated for it by putting little ... soon as you're developing an application for the Web, as opposed to merely a newspaper or content-based site, things get really clunky HTML was designed for simple interactions "Show me this

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 00:21