hardware software cost ratio continually falling

...   Hardware and software costs Travel and training costs Effort costs (the dominant factor in most projects) • •  The salaries of engineers involved in the project; Social and insurance costs ... into account costs such as integration, configuration management and documentation Can underestimate the cost of solving difficult low-level technical problems ©Ian Sommerville 2004 Software Engineering, ...  M Complex projects where the software is part of a strongly coupled complex of hardware, software, regulations and operational procedures ©Ian Sommerville 2004 Software Engineering, 7th edition...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2012, 11:41

... the concentration in the tank, fl is the flow of liquid I into the tank with concentration C I , and 12 is the flow of liquid into the tank with concentration C2 The steady state concentration, ... architecture (hardware/ software) , digital integrated circuits, signal converters, information structures, control-algorithm design, digital signal pro­ cessing, software engineering, and test generation ... Technical knowledge of con­ temporary digital-computer hardware and software architectures has a critical in­ fluence on cost and real-time operation Design of the system to obtain the desired performance...

Ngày tải lên: 01/01/2014, 20:24

... estimates of software costs are essential Because software size is usually the most influential factor in determining software costs, good estimates of size are critical to good cost estimation ... to generate cost and schedule estimates for hardware Software Cost Estimation and Sizing Methods: Issues and Guidelines and software All divisions have a common interest in improving software- estimating ... risks inherent in cost estimation Cost analysts must produce software cost estimates for a variety of programs Ideally, the estimated cost will prove to be very close to the actual cost, and several...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... session kinds messages (speech, SMS, data, fax); Registration of session messages on hdd array of a file server; The formalized information registration on sessions for DataBase •     Decoding ... Automated classification of messages by kinds of the traffic (a fax, data, speech, SMS)  Registration of session messages on hdd in database  Selection in a database of records about sessions ... of all traffic types in personal system of a satellite communication with their subsequent registration and processing THURAYA 2/3 coverage FEATURES  Search of accessible beams for monitoring...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 07:20

... VHDL and interfaced to the Microblaze through fast simplex link (FSL) The overall operation of IMS hardware and software control can be visualized with a task graph with six tasks; see Figure (init: ... change, the hardware can keep up with it Throughout this research, design, and implementation process, we ran into many software (development tool) bugs, which were resolved in the latest software ... blessing The system is very configurable, but due to software problems, it was often difficult to determine if a problem was due to hardware or software elements of the system Time (s) Figure 8:...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... are made to ensure that acceleration resources are not wasted on idle processes, and these adaptations may be effected through process migration between software and hardware Finally, the paper ... capability for dynamic swapping, high-priority hardware tasks can interrupt low-priority tasks in real-time embedded systems so that the utilization of hardware space per unit time is increased In ... et al deal with functional-level reconfiguration to improve energy efficiency The paper presents the DART architecture, which supports two modes of reconfiguration: fine-grained and functional level,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... through direct generation of a statically scheduled code The functional behavior is not modified during the hardware, software, and interfaces generation We illustrate the C generation process for ... of software processors and hardware processors, interconnected through communication medias Processors characteristics are supported tasks, their execution duration, worst-case transfer duration ... between the software and hardware components is totally different from the existing abstraction of wires between hardware components as well as the function calls abstraction that describes the software...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... The system in [13] is a more compact hardware/ software system The software part is implemented on a PowerPC processor that is attached to an FPGA in which the hardware part is implemented The FPGA ... allow a hardware/ software partitioning as shown in Figure 3(a) The feature detection and selection is completely implemented in a dedicated hardware module (FT) and feature tracking is done in software ... the processor Adaptivity is done by means of configuration rather than by parameter modifications as is the case in [13] DESIGN OF A HARDWARE/ SOFTWARE SOLUTION FOR FPGA This section describes our...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... controller Software programs running on soft processors Data FPGA-based soft processors Customized hardware peripherals Customized hardware Customized hardware Customized hardware Customized hardware ... customized hardware peripherals Simulation of software programs Data exchange and synchronization Simulation of customized hardware peripherals Figure 4: An implementation of the hardware- software ... (i.e., software) , or a specific customized hardware peripheral (i.e., hardware) , for execution A specific mapping and execution schedule of the tasks are given For tasks executed on customized hardware...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... Haubelt · J¨ rgen Teich u Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme Spezifikation und Verifikation 123 Christian Haubelt Universit¨ t Erlangen-N¨ rnberg a u Lehrstuhl Hardware- Software- Co-Design Am Weichselgarten ... Verifikation Dieses Lehrbuch widmet sich der Verifikation digitaler Hardware/ SoftwareSysteme Es ist als zweiter Band zu dem Buch Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme ” – Synthese und Optimierung“ [426] konzipiert ... Entwurf von Hardware und Software Als gemeinsames a u Modell f¨ r beide B¨ nde dient deshalb das Doppeldachmodell, welches den idealiu a sierten Entwurfsfluss f¨ r digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Verifikation von Hardware und Software Im Anschluss an die Einf¨ hrung in modellbasierte Verifikationsans¨ tze werden u a spezielle Verfahren zur Hardware- Verifikation (Kapitel 6), zur Software- Verifikation ... fung auf unterschiedlichen u Abstraktionsebenen pr¨ sentiert a ¨ ¨ Hardware- Aquivalenzprufung ¨ Die Aquivalenzpr¨ fung f¨ r Hardware wird anhand eines Addierers skizziert Hardu u ware-Addierer ... implementierte Berechnung des Summenbits aquivalent zur Spezifikation ¨ Software- Eigenschaftsprufung Betrachtet wird ein Software- System bestehend aus zwei Prozessen Da die Prozesse auf einem...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... wie in Hardware- Beschreibungssprachen stellt SystemC Sprachkonstrukte zur Deklaration von Modulen zur Verf¨ gung Ein SystemC-Modul kapselt somit die u Verhaltensbeschreibung in einer Hardware- ... wurde SystemC-Methoden werden oft zur Modellierung von Hardware- Komponenten verwenden Bei der Modellierung auf Systemebene, auf der Hardware- und SoftwareKomponenten interagieren, werden, obwohl ihres ... SystemC SystemC ist eine Systembeschreibungssprache und ein Defacto-Standard zur Modellierung von Hardware/ Software- Systemen [207] SystemC unterst¨ tzt dabei veru schiedene Abstraktionsebenen in der...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Verifikation diskutiert, wobei diese unabh¨ ngig von der Implementierungsform, a also Hardware, Software oder Hardware/ Software, und der gew¨ hlten Abstraktionsa ebene vorgestellt werden Dabei wird ... eine wichtige Verifikationsmethode, unabh¨ ngig von der Implementierungsform a (Hardware, Software oder Hardware/ Software) und der gew¨ hlten Abstraktionsebea ne Wegen der zentralen Bedeutung ... Programmable Gate Arrays) eingesetzt, um HardwareSchaltungen zu prototypisieren Da es sich hierbei um programmierbare Hardware handelt, kann das System durch Konfiguration prototypisiert werden, anstatt...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... fung u kombinatorischer Hardware sind in Abschnitt 6.1.2 zu finden ¨ 4.3 Sequentielle Aquivalenzpr¨ fung u 141 ¨ ¨ 4.3 Sequentielle Aquivalenzprufung ¨ Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme arbeiten ... rechenintensiv Deshalb wird die Aquivalenzpr¨ fung typischerweise u u C Haubelt, J Teich, Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme, eXamen.press, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-05356-6 4, c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg ... u ¨ Verfahren zur sequentiellen Aquivalenzpr¨ fung f¨ r Hardware sind in Abschnitt 6.1.3 u u ¨ beschrieben Verfahren zur Prozessor- und Software- Aquivalenzpr¨ fung sind in den u Abschnitten 6.3...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... der Algorithmus, wenn keine neuen Zust¨ nde in einer Iteration erreicht werden und somit der Fixa punkt gefunden ist Die Anzahl der Iterationen, nach denen dies eintritt, nennt man sequentielle ... Antwortzeit, ein minimaler Durchsatz, eine minimale MTTF (engl Mean TiC Haubelt, J Teich, Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme, eXamen.press, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-05356-6 5, c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg ... erreichen Der Algorithmus ist in Abb 4.18 visuaa lisiert Hierbei ist in eckigen Klammern der Iterationsschritt angegeben SR [0] SR [1] SR [2] SN [0] SN [1] SN [2] Abb 4.18 Erreichbarkeitsanalyse...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... F¨ r die Uberpr¨ fung von Zusicherunu u gen w¨ hrend des Betriebs werden die Monitore in Hardware oder Software synthea tisiert und in das System integriert Die formale Modellpr¨ fung ist in den ... Die Hardware- Synthese von Monitoren ist aus den generierten Monitoren unter der Annahme m¨ glich, dass Zeitpunkte f¨ r Zustands¨ berg¨ nge mittels eines Takto u u a signals definiert sind F¨ r Software- ... Zusicherungen in der Simulation diskutiert wird In einigen Programmiersprachen bzw System- oder Hardware- Beschreibungssprachen sind Zusicherungen ein Bestandteil der Sprache Wird w¨ hrend der...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... der Max-Plus-Algebra [22] verbunden 6 Hardware- Verifikation System Modul Architektur Spezifikation Logik Block Implementierung Software Hardware Abb 6.1 Hardware- Verifikation In diesem Kapitel ... von Hardware auf Logiku und Architekturebene beschrieben Schließlich folgen Verfahren zur Verifikation des Zeitverhaltens auf Logik- und Architekturebene C Haubelt, J Teich, Digitale Hardware/ Software- Systeme, ... Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 236 Hardware- Verifikation ¨ ¨ 6.1 Aquivalenzprufung kombinatorischer und sequentieller Schaltungen ¨ Aquivalenzpr¨ fung von Hardware wird sowohl auf der Logik-...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Mikroarchitektur Die 292 Hardware- Verifikation Mikroarchitektur ist dabei eine Hardware- Beschreibung auf Architekturebene Es handelt sich hierbei also um die Hardware/ Software- Schnittstelle des ... teilweise ver¨ mieden werden, wenn die Schaltung in uberlappende Partitionen zerlegt wird Hier- 266 Hardware- Verifikation x1 x2 := F x3 & ≥1 z1 = F & x4 x5 := F x6 := T x7 z5 := F & & Konflikt z3 = ... lediglich an dem Wertebereich von f + [t] interessiert Aus diesem Grund kann das iterative 268 Hardware- Verifikation Schaltungsmodell in zwei Teile zerlegt werden [411]: Eine sog Stub-Schaltung...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20