gxr25 and h9 cells

... GS1 and chlo-roplast GS2) and glutamate synthases (ferredoxin-GOGAT and NADH-GOGAT) in the inorganic nitrogen assimilation and reassimilation into amino acids between bundle sheath cells and ... nitrate reduction to ammonium and subsequent ammonium assimilation into amino acids occur in two different photosyn-thetic cells: bundle sheath cells (BSCs) and mesophyll cells (MCs) Nitrate taken ... (re)assimilation and reallocation in bundle sheath cells and mesophyll cells of the source leaf The diurnal nitrogen recycling within the plants took place via the specific amino acids in the phloem and xylem...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... Trang 1Transport and Translocationof Water and Solutes I Trang 3Water and Plant Cells3 WATER PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE in the life of the plant For every ... water Water is the most abundant and arguably the best sol-vent known As a solsol-vent, it makes up the medium for the movement of molecules within and between cells and greatly influences the structure ... between water molecules and ions, and between water and polar solutes, in solution effectively decreases the electrostatic interaction between the charged substances and thereby increases their...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... effects of DFP and novel tetradentate andhexadentate analogues on NTBI uptake and mobilization from rat hepatocytes and hepatoma cells DFO was included as a reference chelator Materials and methods ... uptake and metabolism of NTBI in normal and cancer cells, and the effect of Fe chelators on these processes In the present study we have characterized these processes in the rat hepatocyte and its ... hepatocytes and Q7 hepatoma cells were marked and similar All chelators decreased uptake to 20% or less of the controls DFP and DFO almost completely abolished NTBI uptake at both 0.1 and 1 mM chelator...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... EAC and S180 cells, mice muscle, sarcoma tissue and the kidney of normal and sarcoma-bearing mice Mitochondria from EAC and S180 cells were prepared according to Moreadith and Fiskum [47] and ... biosynthesis and the enzyme is subject to end-product repression by ornithine and creatine [17–19] Thus, A B C Fig 3 Creatine uptake (A) and release (B) as measured in vitro with EAC and S180 cells and ... presence of both AGAT and GAMT in EAC and S180 cells and in sarcoma tissue indicates that the upregulated proteins are entirely tumor-cell specific On the other hand, the influx and efflux rate of crea-tine...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... LPS-stimulated J774 and BMDM cells, was quite unexpected, and gives rise to the hypothesis that these cells are able to transiently convert RML-PrPSc It is worth noting that J774 and primary BMDM cells both ... synthesis of PrPSc To verify this in activated phagocytic cells, we stimu-lated J774 and BV-2 cells with LPS and CpG-ODN for 4 h As a control, cells were treated with nonstimu-lating GpC-ODN or left ... LPS-treated cells (lane 6) and, after 48 h, also in CpG-ODN-treated cells (lane 11) was increased ( 1.8- and 1.3-fold, respectively) relative to the baseline signal directly after infection (lanes 2 and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... hydrogen and fuel cells; • Review and develop codes and standards to support commer-cial development; • Simplification and harmonisation of planning and certifica-tion requirements (e.g fuel and safety ... strategy for hydrogen and fuel cells 19 – Implementing the transition to hydrogen and fuel cells 19 A European roadmap for hydrogen and fuel cells 21 The European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology ... direct heat and electricity from renewable energy,and bio-fuels for transport) Why hydrogen and fuel cells? Tracking a raindrop from the reservoir Trang 11The benefits of hydrogen and fuel cells are...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... Trang 1Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic CellsStructure and Function Trang 2In general microbes or microorganisms may be either prokaryotic (bacteria) or eukaryotic (protists, fungi, and some animals) ... of Bacillus and Clostridium Trang 17Shapes and arrangements of bacteriaThere are six common shapes of bacteria: coccus, bacillus, coccobacillus, vibrio, spirochete, and spirullum and there are ... 4PROKARYOTIC CELLS Trang 6Key Functions of CellsA boundary that keeps the cellular contents separate from the external environment but allows for the transfer of some substances into and out of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 19:27

... then centrifuged and lyzed Membrane and cytosolic fractions were separated and analyzed by SDS⁄ PAGE and western blotting technique The results are presented in Fig 7 In intact cells, 5-LO was ... oxalace-tic acid, and 10 lgÆmL)1 bovine insulin All cultures were seeded at a density of 2· 105 cellsÆmL)1 MM6 cells were treated with 2 ngÆmL)1 TGF-b1 and 50 nm vitamin D3 (VD3) for 4 days Cells were ... in PG and 1 mm CaCl2 (PGC buffer) as indicated For incubations, cells were finally resuspended in PGC buffer The viability of cells was tested by trypan blue exclusion, and more than 95% of cells...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... hydrolase promoter in human immune cells and neuronal cells by leptin and progesterone Mauro Maccarrone1,2, Valeria Gasperi3, Filomena Fezza1, Alessandro Finazzi-Agro`3and Antonello Rossi3 1 Department ... and progesterone stimulate FAAH activity and expression in human U937 cells but not in CHP100 cells In previous studies, we have shown that leptin and progesterone up-regulate FAAH activity and ... of AMT, NAT and PLD in the same cells (Figs 1A,B,D and data not shown) It should be recalled that also CHP100 cells are devoid of cannabinoid receptors [18] Both U937 and CHP100 cells have leptin...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... active in HeLa cells (A) Schematic representation of mPER proteins and derived fragments used for transient transfection into HeLa cells and their nucleocytoplasmic distribution (B) HeLa cells were ... murine PER and CRY proteins in Xenopus oocytes mPER1 and mPER2, but not mPER3, are phosphorylated and imported into the nucleus of Xenopus oocytes (A) 35 S-labelled mPER1, mPER2, mPER3 and derived ... transcription facregula-tors CLOCK (CLK) and CYCLE (CYC) drive expression of the period (per) and timeless (tim) genes Conversely, Period and Timeless proteins (PER and TIM) inhibit CLK⁄ CYC-mediated...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... editors and publishers believe that drug selection and dosage and the specifications and usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in this book, are in accord with current recommend- ations and ... www.landesbioscience.com.Landes tracking number: 1-58706-150-3 Nuclear Envelope Dynamics in Embryos and Somatic Cells edited by Philippe Collas/CRC, 184 pp 6 x 9/ Landes/Kluwer dual imprint/ Landes series: ... Dynamics in Embryos and Somatic Cells Trang 2Philippe Collas, Ph.D.Institute of Medical Biochemistry University of Oslo Oslo, Norway Nuclear Envelope Dynamics in Embryos and Somatic Cells Trang 3Library...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:00

... H6, H7 and H9 influenza viruses of terrestrial poultry Alexandra S Gambaryan1, Alexander B Tuzikov2, Galina V Pazynina2, Julia A Desheva3, Nicolai V Bovin2, Mikhail N Matrosovich*4 and Address: ... Marburg, Germany and 5 Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA Email: Alexandra S Gambaryan - alexandra.gambaryan@gmail.com; Alexander B Tuzikov ... receptor-binding specificity was demonstrated for the North American and Eurasian H7 viruses, H9N2 Eurasian poultry viruses, and H1, H3 and H9 avian-like virus isolates from pigs Conclusion: Influenza...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... cell lines and tumor cells isolated from patient’s ascites (Figs 7a and 7b) The expression of Brn-3a(l) was relatively higher in OVCA429 and 2008 cells compared to OVCA433 and SKOV3 cells This ... lymphocytes and fibroblasts were present but were easy to distinguish Lymphocytes were small, smooth and perfectly round cells Fibroblasts were long elongated cells whereas tumor cells were large ... domain of Brn-3a and on both long and short forms of the molecule [10] Thus, Brn-3a short and long have distinct functions in neuronal cells, Brn-3a(l) induces Bcl-2 expression and protects neurons...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... increase as the cells get bigger To determine the rate of protein degradation, we cultured the cells in complete medium and aphidicolin and, for 2 hours, as before We then washed the cells and incu-bated ... size of the disc cells varies throughout devel-opment: the cells initially grow without dividing and then proliferate and get progressively smaller [22] Why do yeasts and Schwann cells coordinate ... mammalian cells have cell-size checkpoints, although it is widely believed that they do [3,7-9] For most populations of proliferating eukaryotic cells in culture, including yeast cells and mammalian cells,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:20

... cochlear hair cells from mice after 9 days on the 15N-L-leucine diet DC, Deiter cells; OP, outer pillar cells; RL,reticular lamina; TBC, tympanic border cells (below the basilarmembrane); Sb1 and Sb2, ... instrument DNA and RNA co-distribution and uridine incorporation in the nucleolus using 15N-uridineand 81Br of bromodeoxyuridine or 14C-thymidine; to reveal domains in cultured endothelialcells using ... 12C, 16O, 14N and 31P; and to track a few 15N-labeled donorspleen cells in the lymph nodes of the host mouse Conclusions: MIMS makes it possible for the first time to both image and quantify molecules...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... layer, and the presence of lymphoid aggregates, plasma cells, and PMNs A separate analysis in 93 samples showed that the evaluation of the number of blood vessels and the number of plasma cells ... found no significant differences between PsA on the one hand and AS and USpA on the other hand (unpublished data), both unsupervised and supervised clustering analysis of the present data indicated ... Oss, The Netherlands Authors' contributions DB, EMV, and FDK designed the study DB, EK, and LDR sample and analyzed the synovial tissues HM selected the patients DB collected and analyzed the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... PBL were depleted of T cells, B cells or NK cells (PBL – T cells, PBL – B cells and PBL – NK cells, respec-tively) as described in the Materials and methods section, and the total PBL or the ... mAb) and CD48 (the CD244 ligand) increased TNF synthesis (Figure 4b) It is noteworthy that NK cells and monocytes express both CD48 and CD244, whereas THP-1 cells express only CD244 (Fig-ure 5a and ... killer cells and dendritic cells J Exp Med 2002, 195:327-333. 14 Piccioli D, Sbrana S, Melandri E, Valiante NM: Contact-depend-ent stimulation and inhibition of dendritic cells by natural killer cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... and stimulatory functions of APCs necessary for the activation and expansion of autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cells and B cells in lupus Apigenin also causes apoptosis of hyperactive lupus APCs and ... the level of cyclooxygenase 2 in lupus CD4 + T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages Since SNF1 mouse T cells, activated B cells, DCs, and mac-rophages express higher basal levels of ... CD4+ T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages (but there were no differences in total CD11b+ cells or CD8+ cells) (Figures 6a and 6c, P < 0.05 to 0.01) A high proportion of activated lupus cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... only on 2N cells, and lack of information about the ecophysiology and biochemistry of 1N cells represents a large knowledge gap in understanding the biology and evolution of E huxleyi and coccolithophores ... gained E huxleyi 1N cells are very distinct from both calcified and non-calcified 2N cells in ultrastructure [12] and ecophysio-logical properties [15] 1N cells have two flagella and associ-ated ... whereas 2N cells completely lack both flagella and flagellar bases The coccolith-forming apparatus is present in both calcified and naked-mutants of 2N cells but is absent in 1N cells [7] 1N cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... immunoreactivity in transfected CrFK cells; (C) and (D) Vpr immunoreactivity was readily detected in the cytoplasm and nuclei of CrFK cells transfected with (C) pVpr77R-ND and (D) pVpr77Q-HAD; (E) pVpr77R-ND ... Confocal imaging of Fluo-4-labeled human neurons before and after application of glutamate (i and ii), ΔVpr77R-ND (iii and iv) and ΔVpr77Q-HAD (v and vi) showing an increase in calcium flux for all ... regulates viral replication and cellular proliferation in T cells and monocytoid cells in vitro J Leukoc Biol 1997, 62:93-99 35 Yadav A, Collman RG: CNS Inflammation and Macrophage/Microglial Biology...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20