fuel cells microturbines and solar power

... positive charge Trang 24.07.1 Introduction Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) were the first practically working fuel cells capable of delivering significant power, particularly for transport applications ... Table 1 Different types of low and intermediate temperature fuel cells Fuel cell type Electrolyte charge carrier Principal catalyst Typical operating temperature Fuel compatibility Primary contaminant ... performance of an AFC and PAFC running with similar H2/O2 fuel and oxidant and at a similar controlled current density of 100 mA cm−2, at the same temperature of 70 °C, and with similar platinum

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:47

... earliest fuel cells to be deployed commercially are the molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs), which are high-temperature fuel cells that operate with a variety of fuels with high efficiency and very ... reduction of oxidant and consumption of electrons occurs Combined heat and power (CHP) An application of fuel cells (or other types of power plants) where waste heat produced during power production ... prepares air, fuel, and water for use in fuel cell stack modules The electrical balance­ of-plant section converts the DC power into high-quality AC power Like other fuel cell systems, DFC power plants

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:49

... tracking) androoftop solar PV systems, concentrating solar thermal power (CSP), onshore wind turbines,hydropower (run-of-river and dams), biomass plants (solid biomass and biogas), waste-to-energy power ... the grid more power than their own annualconsumption.Feed-in profiles for solar and wind energy The feed-in profiles for solar CSP, optimally tilted and single-axis tracking PV, and wind energy ... calculated according to [23] and [27] Fig 4presents the aggregated profiles of solar PV generation (optimally tilted and single-axistracking), wind energy power generation and CSP solar field The profiles

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2022, 08:35

... Solid oxide fuel cell Chemical equilibrium Kinetics model Combined heat and power a b s t r a c t An integrated power system of biomass gasification with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and micro ... integrated biomass gasifier, solid oxide fuel cells and micro gas turbine system Junxi Jiaa,*, Abuliti Abudulab, Liming Weic, Baozhi Suna, Yue Shia aCollege of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering ... decreasing of moisture content and increasing of equivalence ratio due to higher temperature in reduction zone of gasifier Electric and combined heat and power efficiencies of the power system increase

Ngày tải lên: 01/08/2016, 09:30

... suction pump, fine filter, flame arrestor and diaphragm pump Tar and Trang 6particulate sampling and analysis was accomplished using a tar sampling and analysis setup established as per the guidelines ... an electric cutter to 40 mm diameter (approx.) and 53 mm length and the physical and chemical characteristics are presented in Table 1 3 Synthesis and characterization of Ni-Co/Si-P nano catalyst ... combustibles such as CO2 and N2, thereby reducing the calorific value of gas and cold gas efficiency Hence the best operating point with optimum tar concentration and highest caloric value and cold gas efficiency

Ngày tải lên: 01/08/2016, 09:30

... America Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol 13, 4799–4824, 2013 Platinum and Palladium Nano-Structured Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Nguyen Viet Long1 ... membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) We also present the survey of the preparation of Pt and Pd based catalysts for the better catalytic activity, high durability, and ... in US), and New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO Program in Japan) have supported large Research and Development programs (R&D) of fuel cells,9and fuel cell

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2017, 14:13

... bacteria were enriched and became dominant in the MFCs, including Geobacter sp (bands TD 19 and TD 21 in Figure 4); Aeromonas sp.; Shewanella amazonensis; Pseudomonas sp (bands TD 18 and TD 8 in Figure ... generated high and stable currents In the DGGE pattern (Figure 4), there was only a bold band (TD8) present in the lane corresponding to the sample from the natural soil source and this band remained ... active bacterial consortia in sensor-typed microbial fuel cells (MFCs) Several MFCs were constructed, operated with modified artificial wastewater and inoculated with different microbial sources from

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 15:23

... the cathode and the anode of FCs & 2013 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved Contents Introduction 637 Low-temperature fuel cells 638 Fuel cells 638 Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell ... fuel cells (FCs) with high efficiency and low pollutant emission have been studied[1,2] Recently, the U S Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program (DOE Program) and the New Energy and ... and measurements as-Low-temperature fuel cells Fuel cells Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) In principle, a PEMFC with a polymer membrane electrolyteand a pure Pt catalyst has a low operation

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 17:00

... findings and lessons learned with respect to these types of solar cells Also industry has been involved in research and commercialization of chalcopyrite solar cells early on starting with Boeing and ... from Unold T and Gutay L (2011) Photoluminescence of thin film solar cells In: Abou-Ras D, Kirchatz T, and Rau U (eds.) Advanced Characterization of Thin Film Solar Cells Wiley [51]) and (b) Cu-poor ... commercialization with respect to chalcopyrite-type solar cells We would like to mention that a number of excellent reviews on chalcopyrite-type materials and solar cells have been published previously, which

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 13:07

... trained mechanics and dealerships and institutional or regulatory issues such as the existence of codified standards and health and safety legislation The absence of such codes and legislation ... utility Fuel flexibility Large distributed Heat output suitable Source: Adapted from US DOE (2008) Comparison of fuel cell technologies, fact sheet http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/fuelcells/pdfs/fc_comparison_chart.pdf ... regularly refueled and undergoing maintenance at one location and driving along fixed routes or at least within a certain area However, some authors have pointed out that very few fleets refuel and are

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:44

... other fuels Hydrogen is different and has to be professionally handled with knowledge of underpinning science and HSE to provide public safety 4.04.3 Regulations, Codes, and Standards and Hydrogen ... Test Code for Fuel Cell Power Systems Performance; ASME BPVC Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; etc The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) published standards: Stationary Fuel Cell Power Requirements: ... http://www.pnl.gov/fuelcells/permit_guide.stm HyApproval handbook: European handbook for the approval of hydrogen refuelling stations: http://www.hyapproval.org/ NASA: Safety standard for hydrogen and hydrogen

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:45

... operated, and maintained (at regular intervals) as certified in accordance with local and international applicable codes and standards This section provides a short review of a number of codes and standards ... storage systems codes and standards based on PED; • mobile storage systems codes and standards based on Transport Pressure Equipment Directive (TPED); • liquid hydrogen codes and standards The above ... you must first select your code and standard Then you manufacture the container strictly following the code and standard Finally you must display the code and standard on the container There are

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:46

... study, the scope of candidate hydrogen storage materials has expanded considerably, from conventional metal hydrides, such as LaNi5 and MgH2, to complex and chemical hydrides [3–7] and from activated ... design and synthesis [12] The interesting bonding nature of the metal and organic link creates a variety of pore structures and active centers, and the nature of the interaction of H2 and the ... Charging/discharging rates Environmental health and safety Permeation and leakage scc h−1 Meets or exceeds applicable standards Trang 3Table 2 Parameters of compressed and liquid H2 storage Gravimetric Volumetric

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 17:47

... performed and discussed in detail The study quantifies and analyses the impact of operating, design, and material parameters on fuel cell performance and get an optimal design for PEM fuel cells ... to the development and optimization of fuel cells, improve long-term performance and lifetime, the introduction of cheaper materials and fabrication techniques, and the design and development of ... and its simulated performance in PEM fuel cells J Power Sources, 2008; 175(2): 817-825 [11] Bograchev D., Gueguen M., Grandidier J-C., Martemianov S Stress and plastic deformation of MEA in fuel...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... Cells 9.1 Redox Flow Cells, 159 9.2 Biological Fuel Cells, 162 9.3 Semi -Fuel Cells, 167 9.4 Direct Carbon Fuel Cells, 169 References, 174 159 viii 10 CONTENTS Fuel Cells and Electrolysis Processes ... 64 References, 67 Direct Liquid Fuel Cells 71 Part A: Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, 71 4.1 Methanol as a Fuel for Fuel Cells, 71 4.2 Current-Producing Reactions and Thermodynamic Parameters, 72 ... Small Fuel Cells for Portable Devices 291 17.1 Special Operating Features of Mini -Fuel Cells, 292 17.2 Flat Mini -Fuel Batteries, 293 17.3 Silicon-Based Mini -Fuel Cells, 296 17.4 PCB-Based Mini-Fuel...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:20

... Cells 9.1 Redox Flow Cells, 159 9.2 Biological Fuel Cells, 162 9.3 Semi -Fuel Cells, 167 9.4 Direct Carbon Fuel Cells, 169 References, 174 159 viii 10 CONTENTS Fuel Cells and Electrolysis Processes ... 64 References, 67 Direct Liquid Fuel Cells 71 Part A: Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, 71 4.1 Methanol as a Fuel for Fuel Cells, 71 4.2 Current-Producing Reactions and Thermodynamic Parameters, 72 ... Small Fuel Cells for Portable Devices 291 17.1 Special Operating Features of Mini -Fuel Cells, 292 17.2 Flat Mini -Fuel Batteries, 293 17.3 Silicon-Based Mini -Fuel Cells, 296 17.4 PCB-Based Mini-Fuel...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 21:20

... 1942 Wind and solar power systems / Mukund R Patel p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 0-8493-1605-7 (alk paper) Wind power plants Solar power plants Photovoltaic power systems ... Delmarva Power and Light, and New York Power Authority are installing such systems to meet peak demands The Pacific Gas and Electric’s utilityscale 500 kW plant at Kerman is designed to deliver power ... stand-alone power systems Chapter 12 presents the design and operating methods of such power systems using wind and photovoltaic systems in hybrid with diesel generators The newly developed fuel...

Ngày tải lên: 30/06/2014, 14:44

... Fuel Cells – Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: Overview; Fuel Cells – Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells: Overview; Fuel Cells – Overview: Introduction; Fuel Cells – Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells: Overview; Fuel ... source of power for space vehicles Phosphoric acid and molten carbonate fuel cells Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs) and molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) are primarily designed for higher power ... Overview; Fuel Cells – Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Cells; High Temperature PEMFCs; Stacks; Systems; Fuel Cells – Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Overview.Fuels – Hydrogen Storage: Compressed; Fuels –...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... proton exchange membrane fuel cells J Power Sources 2001, 94, 40-50 [14] Pasaogullari U., Wang C.-Y Liquid water transport in gas diffusion layer of polymer electrolyte fuel cells J Electrochem Soc ... the cathode gas diffusion layer of PEM fuel cells J Power Sources 2006, 159, 928-942 [21] Weber A.Z., Newman J Modeling transport in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells Chem Rev 2004, 104, 4679-4726 ... strategy used by Ballard with the NEXA fuel cell [29] However, purges have to be done and optimized to regularly remove water and inert gases Conclusions and perspectives A dynamic pseudo 2D model...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... (DMAc) firstly, and then styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were added to the solution and stirred with water bath at 343 K The dosage of PVDF, styrene, DVB and BPO was that ... J Power Sources, 2006, 161(2):1069-1075 [25] Nasef M M, Zubir N A, Ismail A F, et al Preparation of radiochemically pore-filled polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cells J Power ... PVDF-g-PSSA and Al2O3 composite proton exchange membranes J Power Sources, 2006, 161(1): 54-60 [30] Bae B, Ha H Y, Kim D Nafion®-graft-polystyrene sulfonic acid membranes for direct methanol fuel cells...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11