expansion of oil palm plantations

... genotype 192 individuals of oil palm collected from Malaysia and China Of these, 34 lines of oil palm were selected from the F2 population derived from self-pollination of the selected F1 hybrid ... improvement of cold stress in Elaeis guineensis Methods Plant materials The oil palm varieties, dura (the thick-shelled African oil palm) and pisifera (the thin-shelled African oil palm), were ... century Due to lack of adaptation to the climate environment in Hainan province, almost all of the oil palm lines introduced showed low productivity Subsequently, most of these oil palm lines were

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2020, 23:27

... producers of palm oil The oil palm is a unique crop that can produce two types of oil, namely palm oil from the fibrous mesocarp (which has a brilliant, deep red-orange pulp) and palm kernel oil (which ... applications of emulsion gel within the food industry Trang 13CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Red palm oil-based emulsion 2.1.1 Red palm oil Red palm oil is extracted from the fruit of the oil palm tree ... Deodorised Palm Oil Red Palm Oil Figure 2.1 Simple processing flowchart of red palm oil and refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil 2.2 Emulsion Emulsions are colloidal dispersions that consist of

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2024, 12:18

... Historical Forecasts of World Oil Production The complicated dynamics of world oil supply and oil demand makes oil production forecasting very difficult. Figure 1 shows the track record of the U.S. Energy ... regular conventional oil. This definition covers over 75% of world total oil production. It is based on EIA data but excludes heavy oil (<17.5 deg API), bitumen, oil shale, shale oil, deepwater oil and ... distinguishes between three drivers of oil prices, aggregate demand for goods, precautionary demand for oil, and supply of oil, where the latter captures only the possibility of temporary supply disruptions

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Kalimantan Border Oil Palm Trang 2The Kalimantan Border Oil Palm Trang 3Summary A few years ago, the Indonesian government and sections of the palm oil industry united in the Indonesian Palm Oil Commission ... regulation to force oil palm plantations in the border area Plans of Ministry of Forestry and Ministry of Agriculture to promote cash crops, other than palm oil (such as rubber, coffee, tea, cacao, ... less, oil palm expansion 28 4.3 What about abandoned land? 31 4.4 Sustainable palm oil 33 5 Beyond palm oil 35 5.1 The Kalimantan Spatial Plan 35 5.2 Railroads 37 5.3 Roads 37 5.4 Non-palm

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:22

... presence of 3a-G1. Conversely, the addition of 3a-G1 to cultures induces a massive and significant reduction of the expansion of CD4+ T cells At the donor level, a higher proportion of NK cells ... related expansion of CD4 + /CD25 + / CD127 - /FoxP3 + regulatory T cells IL-2 is critical for the ex-vivo expansion of suppressive reg-ulatory cells [25] Using high doses of IL-2 in our NK cell expansion ... protocol prevents the IL-2 related expansion of regulatory T cells that would be deleterious for the activity of infused NK cells Conclusion: High yield expansion of NK cells from human PBMCs by

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... polyclonal expansion of circulating T cells (50 to 1000-fold) over 10-14 days of ex vivo culture with preferential expansion of nạve and memory CD4+ T cells [10], however their efficiency in TIL expansion ... comparison, addition of IL-2 to aAPC-based expansion induced vigorous numerical growth of TILs (>170-fold) in the presence or absence of anti-CD28 mAb, and the level of TIL expansion was similar ... Long-term culture of tumor-derived T cells in high-dose inter-leukin-2 (IL-2) allows for the generation of high numbers of TILs (>1 × 1011) but with preferential expansion of CD4+ lymphocytes

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Rules of the Auditor General, State of Florida To the Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Commission City of West Palm Beach, Florida Compliance We have audited the compliance of the City of ... with the requirements of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-133, Audits of States, Local Governments, and Non-Profit Organizations and Chapter 10.550, Rules of the Auditor General ... Government, and Non-profit Organizations and Chapter 10.550, Rules of the Auditor General, State of Florida This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 255 The City of West Palm Beach Schedule of Findings and

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Required By Chapter 10.550 of the Rules of the Auditor General of the State of Florida The Honorable Mayor, Members of the City Commission and City Manager City of West Palm Beach, Florida ... United States of America require us to indicate that this letter is intended solely for the information of the City, management of West Palm Beach, and the State of Florida Office of the Auditor ... statements of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund and the aggregate remaining fund information of the City of West Palm Beach, Florida (the “City”) as of and

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... and Forestry Office of the Chief Plant Protection Officer Email: Wendy.Lee@daff.gov.au Trang 4In Vietnam Name: Ass Prof Dr Pham Quang Thu Telephone: 84 4 836 2376 Position: Head of Forest ... Contact Officer(s) In Australia: Team Leader Position: Director SPS Capacity Building Program Fax: +61 2 6272 5835 Organisation Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Office of ... Leader Dr Pham Quang Thu Australian Organisation Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Office of the Chief Plant Protection Officer Australian Personnel Dr Ian Naumann Date commenced

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... the signing of the contract between DAFF and Queensland DPI&F caused delays in initiation of some project activities Trang 7Ms Wendy Lee, Office of the Chief Plant Protection Officer (OCPPO), ... August 2008 Contact Officer(s) In Australia: Team Leader Position: Director, SPS Capacity Building Program Organisation Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Office of the Chief Plant ... Protection Officer In Australia: Administrative contact Position: Director, SPS Capacity Building Program Organisation Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Office of the Chief

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... Assessment of insect collections in Vietnam and commence identification of pest specimens • Deployment of database at FSIV and training of staff in database use • Development of plan for delivery of ... Assessment of insect collections in Vietnam and commence identification of pest specimens • Deployment of database at FSIV and training of staff in database use • Development of plan for delivery of ... methods include the use of Bt insecticides and destruction of badly infested trees Fig 6: Defoliation of Acacia auriculiformis by larvae of Phalera grotei larvae Softwood plantations: Dendrolimus

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... sources of oil spills, the types of oil spilled into the sea, and the causes ofspills from any type of ship or vessel worldwide are shown in Figure 3 Half of theoil spilled in the seas is the runoff ... Statistical summary of sources of oil into the seas worldwide 4 Structure of a typical response organization 5 Chemical compounds in oils 6 Evaporation rates of different types of oil at 15°C 7 Appearance, ... of various oils spilled on an absorbent surface and in a beaker 8 Comparison of spreading of different oils and fuels 9 Effect of different wind and current directions on the movement of an oil

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 15:20

... subsidies for the use and marketing of edible oils and palm oil- derived energy sources (including agrofuels) from unsustainable sources Ban imports of palm oil for agrofuel and energy until safeguards ... conversion of indigenous peoples‟ customary land into oil palm plantations is leading to conflict over land Furthering the debate on the economic impacts of oil palm on local communities, oil palm ... negative social and environmental impacts of oil palm, Sawit Watch demands reform of the Indonesian oil palm plantation system and a re-think of plantation expansion plans." Abetnego Tarigan, Deputy...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 11:20

... that of palm oil, the energy obtainable from the EFB product stream amounts to roughly 0.2 kg of oil equivalent per kg of palm oil Based on Malaysia's projected 2005 palm oil production of 15 ... the palm oil leads to increased efficiency as more energy is obtained from oil palm plantations For each kg of palm oil, roughly another kg of dry biomass are produced, approximately a third of ... industry These included the expansion of oil palm in matured areas and the campaign to improve the productivity of the oil palm industry, coupled with A Perspective of Oil Palm and Its Waste 72 providing...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... processing of palm nuts to palm oil Biomass and Bioenergy, 22(6), 505–509 Saletes, S., Caliman, J & Raham, D (2004) Study of mineral nutrient losses from oil palm empty fruit bunches Journal of Oil Palm ... those of wood derived bio -oil, light fuel oil and heavy fuel oil are given in Table 6, which also contains the ultimate analysis of the liquid products Bio -Oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm ... and exporter of palm oil, it also generates large quantities of oil palm wastes Therefore, an investigation on fast pyrolysis technology to convert oil palm waste such as EFB to bio -oil is important...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... inherently has lower oil yield potential) The oil palm produces two distinct types of oil based on the fatty acid composition The mesocarp of the fruit produces an oil (crude palm oil or CPO) which ... TT, Ai TY: Methods of test for palm oil and palm oil products In PORIM Test Methods Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia; 1995:181 Page 19 of 19 (page number not ... value of oil palm interspecific hybrids and to capture the variation between the two parents, backcross populations have to be analyzed in the future The FACs of palm oil and palm kernel oil render...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... Sugar oil palm project 38 List of boxes Box 1: Oil palm in brief 11 Box 2: Oil palm expansion plans 15 Box 3: Examples of forest conversion related to oil palm 18 Box 4: Human-animal conflict in oil ... List of figures List of boxes List of tables List of terms and acronyms About this report Friends of the Earth recommendations Executive summary A Introduction 10 B Expansion of oil palm plantations ... and future expansion plans of oil palm companies Central government regulations on palm oil plantations and Indonesian labour laws need to be reformed so that the reliance of the oil palm sector...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... MARKET PROSPECTS FOR OIL PALM PRODUCTS AND RUBBER 51 4.1 Oil palm products 4.1.1 The market for fats and oils 4.1.2 Palm oil 4.1.3 Palm kernels 4.1.4 Palm kernel oil 4.1.5 Palm kernel meal 51 ... establishment, over a period of years, of 000 of rubber as an extension to an existing rubber estate, 000 of oil palm in three 000 estates, and 000 of smallholder oil palm, at a total cost* of CFAF 31 497 ... establishment of 000 net of rubber at Mokoko as an extension of Mbonge Rubber Estate, 000 net of oil palm in three 000 estates and 000 of oil palm smallholdings, over a period of years at a total...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 11:20

... Profile Figure shows a typical hydrolysis profile of palm oil at temperature of 45ºC for an initial palm oil concentration of 0.1 g palm oil/ ml iso-octane at agitation speed of 200 rpm and oil- aqueous ... this study because of Malaysia being the largest producer of oil palm plants compared to that of other vegetable oil which makes it economically intuitive to consider palm oil as the feed stock ... improve the conversion of fatty acid.8 The optimum oil loading is 0.1 g/ml iso-octane 3.4 Effect of Temperature The conversion of fatty acids produced from the hydrolysis of palm oil using C rugosa...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... schematic diagram of the set-up for the pyrolysis of oil palm shell 2.2 Material The raw material for the preparation of activated carbon was the oil palm shells collected from an oil palm mill at ... region of adsorption isotherm The aim of this work was to prepare and study the effect of different pyrolysis temperatures on the development of the porosity of activated carbon derived from oil palm ... Influence of pyrolysis condition on pore development of oil palm- shell activated carbons J Anal Appl Pyrol., 76, 1–2, 92–102 Guo, J & Luo, A.C (2002) Characterization of adsorbent prepared from oil- palm...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20