enzyme binding to soil humus

... that binding occurred to IF subunit proteins in their nonfilamentous state [17–20] Fimbrin was unable to bind to polymerized vimentin in cosedimentation assays and binding occurred at a stoichiometry ... showed binding to vimentin, similar to the positive control (recombinant plectin repeat 5) (Fig 4) Thus only the CH1, but not the CH2, domain of plectin’s ABD was found capable of binding to vimentin ... actin-binding and cytolinker proteins, such as a-actinin, dystonin, fimbrin, spectrin/fodrin, dystrophin and utrophin, to name a few However, in certain aspects the ABD of plectin seems to be

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... of unlabeled DNA to CRP– AEDANS significantly decreased the fluorescence intensities of the dye (data not shown) and therefore we decided to use the acceptor fluorescence to monitor the CRP–DNA interaction ... upon binding of the allosteric inductor to CRP high-affinity binding sites involves a sequence of protein conformational changes, which shift the protein from a low-affinity nonspecific DNA-binding ... Trp13 or Trp85 residue indicate that binding of cAMP to anti sites in the CRP–(cAMP)2 complex leads to changes in the Trp13 microenvironment, whereas its binding to syn sites in the CRP–(cAMP)4 complex

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... of CTX– inhibitor complexes gave interesting insights into the binding Surprisingly, none of the inhibitors occupied any of the aglycone subsites of the active site The binding to only the glycone ... This is probably due to the packing of the molecules, as Arg105 bends away to make space for the inhibitor molecule of the adjacent enzyme molecule Evaluation of inhibitor binding and implications ... active site Carbon atoms of the inhibitor are coloured in purple, oxygen atoms in red, and sulfur atoms in orange The figure was created with PYMOL [86]. Trang 9pentanediol bound to the active site

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... employed to assess operationally defined metal fractions, which can be lated to chemical species, as well as to potentially mobile, bioavailable, or ecotoxic phases of a sample.According to Verloo ... rather than the total concentration [11–12].Short-term effects have been related to metal concentrations, frequently referred to as the intensity fac-tor [13], while medium- to long-term effects ... various components in sediment or soils to be extracted, due mostly to the matrix effect involved in the heterogeneous chemical processes [14] Allfactors have to be critically considered when

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:56

... antisense strand to BcBL1) to bind to any concentration of PyrR tested (Fig 2A) Binding of PyrR to BcBL2 and BcBL3 in standard binding buffer in the absence of effectors followed a binding curve ... stimulated binding for all three binding loops, PyrR binding to BcBL1 resembled the binding observed for the other two binding loops The appar-ent dissociation constant (Kd) values for RNA binding ... caldolyticus to RNA sequences (binding loops) from the three attenuation regions of the B caldolyticus pyr operon Binding of PyrR to the three binding loops and modulation of RNA binding by nucleotides

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... zalcita-bine) and relate them to the binding of substrate and feedback inhibitors dCTP and dGTP bind with the base in the substrate site, similarly to the binding of the feedback inhibitor dTTP All nucleoside ... characteristics similar to those of the wild-type enzyme [15] but was easier to crystallize However, we were finally able to crystallize the full-length enzyme using the feedback inhibitor dTTP, which ... structures dNK is an enzyme with flexible parts that had to be stabilized to obtain well-diffracting crystals The phos-phate-binding regions have, in all structures deter-mined to date, been stabilized

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... Besides ectosolic 5¢-nucleotidase, one mito-chondrial and five cytosolic enzymes have been described to date According to its substrate specificity and tissue distribution, each protein seems to play ... 736 to base 755); S251(T/A)_F) 741 to base 762); K292(R/M)_F) 5¢-GCACGGAKGC CACTGTTCT-3¢ (from base 868 to base 886); D351E_R) TGTGCTCTCCAATA-3¢ (from base 1065 to base 1044); (from base 1071 to ... seem to control the relative abundance of these two cN-II forms, thus modulating the different response to enzyme ligands Interestingly, in addition to the above-mentioned differ-ences in regulatory

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... the Kd values for its binding to nNOSoxy and eNOSoxywere found to be around 50 and 95 lm, respectively, whereas that for its binding to iNOSoxywas found to be close to 350 lm Similar higher affinities ... suggest that a key factor in the efficient oxidation of a guanidine to NO by iNOS could be the ability of the corresponding N-hydroxyguanidine to bind to the active site without being too rapidly released ... to completely convert iNOSoxy into a LS state iNOSoxy–Fe(III)–ImH complex allow-ing one to more easily follow the bindallow-ing of guanidines or N-hydroxyguanidines to the iNOSoxy substrate binding

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... Molybdenum enzymes, cofactors and chemistry In Molybdenum Enzymes, Cofactors and WE, eds), pp 1–18 American Chemical Society, Wash-ington, DC 3 Johnson MK, Rees DC & Adams MW (1996) Tungsto-enzymes ... addition to copper, various metals are known to bind tightly to sulfur-rich sites, leading to the question of whether other metal ions can bind to the dithiolene moiety of Moco and be inserted into ... generates the molybdenum cofactor, which can be inserted directly into molybdoenzymes binding the molybdopterin form of the molybdenum cofactor, or is further modified in bacteria to form the dinu-cleotide

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... transcription factor binding to the P1 promoter sequences of the human AbH-J-J locus Giordana Feriotto1, Alessia Finotti2, Giulia Breveglieri1, Susan Treves3, Francesco Zorzato4 and Roberto Gambari2 ... concentrated our attention on the activity of binding of nuclear extract to these boxes Binding of nuclear factors to GC-rich boxes of the AbH-J-J P1 promoter In order to study protein–DNA interactions and ... transcription factors There is strong evidence demonstrating that transcription factors belonging to the Sp1 family interact with other transcription factors, including some proteins binding to the P2

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... 10)4m solution to a final concen-tration of 1.0· 10)4m Automatic flexible ligand-docking simulation to HSA was performed using autodock 3.0 and the graphical user interface autodocktools [54–56,68] ... transcriptase inhibi-tors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors Nucleoside reverse transcrip-tase inhibitors are intracellularly phosphorylated to their corresponding ... for binding to HIV reverse transcriptase and inhi-bit it Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhiinhi-bitors act as noncompetitive inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase Protease inhibitors

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... substrate binding Comparison with the structures of the related enzymes AppA and G1P of E coli suggests the existence of a common ancestor (‘prototype’) of HAPs, endowed with the potential to develop ... response to selective pressures arising from individual environmental conditions According to the crystal structures reported here, PhyK seems to have a preformed substrate -binding site and to be ... was added to PhyK in order to facilitate His-tag affinity purification The three distinct groups of HAPs are adapted to different habitats To support plant growth, bacteria not need to release...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... regulatory point of view dCMP deaminase is activated by dCTP and inhibited by dTTP and both nucleotides act on the enzyme by binding to an allosteric site to alter the cooperativity of dCMP binding ... property of the enzyme to exist in two conformations and that dTTP stabilizes the inactive form by binding to the active site In this way, dCTP deaminase can use one nucleotide -binding site to gain a ... to the presence of a given concentration of inhibitor I and I0.5 is the concentration of inhibitor for half-maximal inhibition Equation (3) was used for hyperbolic binding of ligands to the enzyme...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... that the observed heterogeneity in binding of [125I]TC-PCSK9 to HepG2 cells is attributable to binding to different populations of LDLR that exist prior to ligand binding (see below) Previous Biacore ... of the receptor via a two-step reaction in which the first binding step, representing binding to the EGF-A domain, is followed by binding of PCSK9 to a second site within the receptor In this ... represent binding of PCSK9 to dimeric receptors that release bound ligand slowly because they convert rapidly The slow phase of association could represent binding to monomeric receptors that...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20

... terbium binding to this crystallin by ITC and determined the binding constant for the calcium mimic probe Terbium is believed to bind strongly to calcium -binding sites of proteins compared to calcium ... calcium -binding members of the bc-crystallin superfamily [14,15,20] Based on our results, together with the published data on calcium -binding to a few other members, we suggest that calcium -binding ... for further calcium -binding studies, otherwise the proteins were stored frozen at )80 °C Calcium -binding to bB2- and bA3-crystallins Because there is no known motif for calcium -binding in bB2- and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... phosphorylation [33] Other cytoplasmic domains related to multichain immune recognition receptors were found to be intrinsically disordered even when bound to lipids [36] A role of the cytoplasmic tail of ... from 355 to 345 nm (Fig 5) Altogether, fluorescence data confirm binding of J1_tmic to SDS micelles and DMPG phospholipid vesicles, with at least partial embedding of one or both the tryptophan residues ... function of their cytoplasmic tails and, to our knowledge, only few examples have been reported [32,33] The cytoplasmic tail of the T-cell receptor f-chain [34,35] binds to lipid membranes through...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... buffer, and n is the net number of protons transferred during binding To investigate whether there is a net proton transfer on IL-8 binding to the receptor N-domain, ITC measurements were carried ... IL-8 binding to its receptor CXCR1 N-domain has been characterized using ITC This report describes how different enthalpic and entropic factors could mediate chemokine binding to its receptor ... in binding may be due to binding of N-loop residues to the receptor N-domain The structure of IL-8 is known, and the structural basis for its function has been well studied [8–17] The receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... contribute to high-affinity binding of the ephrin B cytoplasmic domain to the Grb4 adaptor protein [11] The equivalent Tyr304 residue of Xenopus ephrin B1 was shown to be essential for binding to Grb4 ... peptide are generated to determine the binding specificity of the Grb4 SH2 in relation to the closest consensus binding sequence of the Src SH2 domain (i.e pYEEI) responded to the addition of the ... essentially the same binding affinities to the GST-PDZ protein in agreement with previous observations [8] Binding experiments with the isolated PDZ domain showed similar binding affinities to the ephrin...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... bottom of the autoradiograph (20 pM) was incubated without (–) (lane 1) and with 10 pM Hfq-His6 (+) (lanes 2–7) and increasing amounts of the competitor RNA indicated at the top of the autoradiograph; ... FEBS M Folichon et al A Hfq binding to RNA stimulates elongation by PAP I B Fig A monophosphate 5¢ end stimulates polyadenylation but not Hfq binding (A) Hfq binding to mono- and tri-phosphorylated ... terminator The PCR fragment digested by NdeI and BamHI was inserted into pUC18 vector that had been digested with the same enzymes The Hfq containing DNA fragment was excised with the same enzymes...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... constants K MS1 to K MS5 have been introduced in the model to take into account subtraction of myristate by additional binding sites no to essentially uncoupled to FA1 and ⁄ or FAx Fatty acid binding ... 4672–4683 ª 2005 FEBS Myristate and Mn(III)heme binding to HSA–heme mation from the N to the B state) is very similar to that induced by myristate binding to site FAx Indeed, the HSA affinity for Mn(III)heme ... established by FA binding to domain III (i.e to FA4 and FA5) [26,37–39] On the other hand, myristate bound at the limit of subdomain IA (i.e to FA2) was suggested to be functionally linked to Sudlow’s...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:22