energy flow pathways in photoreceptor proteins

... the change in O2 concentration in light/dark bottle  Water sample containing phytoplankton O2 produced by photosynthesis O2 consumed in respiration Trang 12Limiting Factors control PN in Terrestrial ... 6Transformations of energyThe transformations of energy from solar radiation to chemical energy and mechanical energy and finally back to heat of Ecosystem Ecology. Trang 7Energy and biomass ... Trang 1ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS• All organisms require energy: for growth, maintenance, reproduction, locomotion, etc. • Hence, for all organisms there must be:  A source of energy  A

Ngày tải lên: 15/06/2017, 20:01

... coordinated induction of a heterogeneous group of proteins in the infected and uninfected leaves, commonly referred to as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins PR proteins were first described in tobacco ... seven families of PR proteins are known [4].Yet, the biological functions of PR proteins are not clear.It is intriguing that PR proteins are also expressed in substantial amounts in healthy plants ... infected with TMV, and PR-1 proteins were monitored in the necrotic tissue induced by the spreading lesions.Whereas lesions and the accumulation of PR-1 proteins remained strictly localized in

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:21

... apolipoprotein A-I apolipoprotein A-II apolipoprotein B apolipoprotein C-I apolipoprotein C-II apolipoprotein D apolipoprotein E apolipoprotein F apolipoprotein H fatty acid binding protein 1, liver ... 1.00 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family transcript variant ATP-binding cassette, sub-family ATP-binding cassette, sub-family transcript variant ATP-binding cassette, sub-family ATP-binding cassette, ... those in primary human hepatocytes Expression of liver-selective transcription factors, such as HNFs, CCAAT ⁄ enhancer-binding proteins and GATA-binding proteins, is essential for the induction

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... phosphatidylinositol; PtdIns3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PKB, protein kinase B ⁄ akt; PKC, protein kinase C. Trang 2lead to activation of downstream kinases includingprotein kinase B (PKB), ... stimulating factor; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IL, interleukin; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK, MAPK ⁄ Erk kinase; PLC, phospholipase C; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PtdIns, ... an inhibi-tion of raf and thus inhibiinhibi-tion of Erk activainhibi-tion [24,25] Intriguingly, these studies have shown that this inhibition is observed in differentiated myotubes, but not in

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... is involved in these pathways Since adenine is a substrate of ADPRT, the elevation of ATP in the absence of adenosine kinase shows that adenine must be released in the process before being incorporated ... -Homocysteine HYPX Hypoxanthine IMP Inosine 5¢-monophosphate INO Inosine K+ Potassium LAC L -Lactate MetAcc Methylated acceptor Na + Sodium NAD Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH Nicotinamide adenine ... them involve the modes starting from adenine obtained in the first simulation and include methyltransferase and SAHH2 in addition Some others involve the modes starting from adenosine obtained in

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... central flow flows backwards (reverse flow) Flow of type III, where the central and peripheral flow goes in the main flow direction whereas a region in between is flowing reversely, can appear in ... spiralling patterns abound — one wall drawing e.g shows a Karman vortex street — displaying that swirling water inspired the inhabitants of the place [11] Water certainly was central in Minoan ... would guide streaming water in a vortex motion backwards By creating a rotating flow, a pressure increase would result behind the fish, and a corresponding pressure decrease in front of it, which

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 12:43

... survival signaling mechanisms in the cell Therefore we investigated the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt survival signaling and Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK proliferative signaling during RV-induced ... protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades that are activated in response to growth factors, cytokines and stress stimuli such as viral infection and UV irradiation In common with apoptotic proteins, ... Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling during RV infection in RK13 cells The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and the MEK inhibitor U0126 were used to investigate PI3K-Akt and Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling respectively during RV replication,

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... minimum energy, green building is taken in this work The proposed home system concept is termed ThinkHome According to its name, ThinkHome aims at the realization of an intelligent home by introducing ... thus saving energy One possibility is to improve the situation by intelligent blind control Aligning blinds according to the position of the sun can lead to an improved lighting situation inside ... of any kind In the energy information branch reside different available energy providers and their trading conditions This information is especially valuable when envisioning the Trang 8integration

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... 1Chapter 1 Study on the Propagation of Inlet Flow Distortion in Axial Compressor Using an Integral Method An integral method is presented in this chapter The integral method is proposed by Kim ... propagation of inlet distortion, and confirm the active role of compressor in determining the velocity distribution when compressor responds to an inlet flow distortion 1.1 Introduction In the operation ... jet-engine, it is important to understand the aerody-namic response resulting from an inlet flow distortion An inlet flow distortion may cause the rotating stall or even surge, or a combination

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... different inlet flow angle and different inlet dis-torted velocity These results are isolated and incomplete A more suitable analysis way is combining the two parameters, inlet flow angle and inlet ... distortion line In other words, the size of distortion region has no influence on the critical distortion line Therefore, the pro-posed critical distortion line includes the principal effects at inlet ... without inlet distortion This phenomenon confirms the active role of compressor in determining the velocity distribution when compressor responds to an inlet flow distortion In conclusion, the integral

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... areas including medicine, security, factory automation, environmental monitoring, and condition- based maintenance [5]. In indoor settings, WSNs are already being used for condition-based maintenance ... Yoo, “Power aware chain routing protocol for continuous data dissemination in wireless sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, ... Chilamkurti In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the nodes have limitations in terms of energy-constraint, unreliable links, and frequent topology change. In this paper we propose an energy-aware routing

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... nodes is energy-constrained However, significant energy savings can be ob-tained at the routing level by designing minimum energy routing protocols that take into consideration the energy costs ... introducing a delay in forwarding the packets by nodes, which is inversely proportional to the remaining energy level of the node, while in HER the route selection is based on the energy drain ... packet has no energy information in it But in this algorithm an energy field is included in the RREQ packet where the intermediate nodes insert their current energy level while forwarding the RREQ

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... for building energy standards The practice of building energy standard for energy saving and sustainable energy efficient design in building is a complex system, involving many different interest ... sustainable issues and provide economic incentives for sustainable development in building Recommended sustainable energy efficient building initiatives Sustainable energy efficient building initiatives, ... achieving sustainable energy efficiency in building through the implementation of building energy standards ; is to start with the implementing the following sustainable energy efficient building initiatives:...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... resources indicates the human effort involved in designing and maintaining the automated machines The ranking assigned for human resources may be higher during manufacturing, installation and maintenance ... are low due to direct chemical looping being in its infancy in the energy conversion industry [42] This process is widely used in steel manufacturing but not in the hydrogen production sector ... Storage 70 Drying 60 Crushing/Grinding 50 In system transporting 40 Mixing of fuels, carrier gas Fuel handling processes 30 20 10 TECHNO‐CENTRIC SOCIO‐CENTRIC Figure Sustainability indices (%)...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... requirement Runoff and infiltration from catchments, assuming no irrigation inflow Inflows and outflows of water for every node and link in the system This includes calculating withdrawals from ... is the flow in river reach i If a minimum flow has been defined in the river reach, the value of Qi will be the maximum between actual flow and the defined minimum flow A fictitious cost in a river ... assigned to minimum flow in river reach i ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2012 International Energy & Environment Foundation All rights reserved International Journal of Energy and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... department coordinator and vicecoordinator of post-graduation program in hydraulic engineer and sanitation Dr Reis has large experience in civil engineering with emphasis in Hydraulics, acting mainly at ... micro turbines integrated installed within the conveyance system to power the system for pumping or turbine the flow between reservoirs, and to sell surplus energy [6] An example of a hybrid energy ... the electricity supply infrastructure [1] The concern with the consumption of energy in water supply systems is increasingly inducing the managers of these systems in seeking optimal solutions...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... Francesca Intini, Graduated in Management Engineering at Politecnico di Bari (Italy), specialized in the environmental management of production systems She has a PhD in Industrial and Innovation Engineering ... the energy recovery via RDF closes the waste cycle, the waste is used for energy purpose instead of being disposed of in a landfill ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2012 International ... fighting a losing battle, UN admits The Guardian, 26 February [30] IISD, International Institute for Sustainable Development 2007 www.iisd.org/pdf/2007/media_grain_journal.pdf and Institute for Energy...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... (2008) Mapping alpha-helical induced folding within the intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain of the measles virus nucleoprotein by site-directed spin-labeling EPR spectroscopy Proteins 73, ... (2005) The intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain of the measles virus nucleoprotein interacts with the C-terminal domain of the phosphoprotein via two distinct sites and remains predominantly ... for predicting protein binding regions in disordered proteins Bioinformatics 25, 27452746 41 Uversky VN (2002) Natively unfolded proteins: a point where biology waits for physics Protein Sci 11,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... persistent increase in intracellular ROS generation after oridonin exposure NAC pretreatment resulted in the complete inhibition of oridonin-induced apoptosis, indicating that oridonin-induced apoptosis ... up-regulated p38 activation in oridonin-induced L929 cells Interestingly, we found that inhibition of p38 decreased oridonin-induced NF-jB activation, indicating that oridonin-induced p38 activation ... LC3-II both increased with time after oridonin administration These results indicate that oridonin induced autophagy in L929 cells Inhibition of autophagy up-regulates apoptosis in oridonin-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... measure threonine and cystathionine ux Threonine ux was measured using puried threonine deaminase and commercial lactate dehydrogenase Threonine deaminase transforms threonine into oxobutyrate ... branches in independent reactions containing either threonine deaminase or cystathionine b-lyase mixed with homoserine kinase, CGS, TS and lactate dehydrogenase Experiments were carried out in a ... synthesis of lysine, methionine and threonine Threonine is a precursor for isoleucine synthesis and methionine is a direct precursor of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) In plants, the branching between...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:21