database systems using oracle by nilesh shah pdf

... joined relations. Trang 16Joining Database Tables (cont.)• If you do not specify a join condition in the WHERE clause, a Cartesian product results Using our sample database, the PRODUCT table contains ... output of a relational operator (like SELECT in SQL) is another relations (or table) • Using our sample database as an example, suppose that at the end of each business day, we would like to ... grouped by vendor: CREATE VIEW SUMPRDXVEN AS SELECT V_CODE, SUM(P_ONHAND*P_PRICE) AS TOTCOST, MAX(P_ONHAND) AS MAXQTY, MIN(P_OHAND) AS MINQTY, AVG(P_ONHAND) AS AVGQTY Trang 14Joining Database

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... interfaces, databases, operating systems, expert systems, etc Products labeled as object-oriented database systems have been in the market for several years, and vendors of relational database systems ... required to bring these products to full-fledged database systems that can at lcast match the level of database functionality expected of today’s database systems is so great that it is not expected ... approach is the basis of a database system that makes a variety of databases appear to be a single database to application programs Such a database system is known as a “multidatabase system” The 00-layer

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... $5.00 Trang 2trend in database research towardsmore of the functionality required by an application being supported within the database system itself, giving rise to database systems with more compre-hensive ... mentioned Traditional database management systems (DBMSs) are passive in the sense that commands are executed by the database (e.g., query, update, de-lete) as and when requested by the user or application ... different database states: DB T—the database at the start of the current transaction; DB E—the database when the event took place; DB C—thedatabase when the condition is evalu- ated; and DB A—the database

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... you are using an SPFILE: As oracle on node1 [oracle@node1 oracle]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.1/si [oracle@node1 oracle]$ export ORACLE_SID=ERI [oracle@node1 oracle]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus ... Shut the database down As oracle on node1 [oracle@node1 oracle]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.1/si [oracle@node1 oracle]$ export ORACLE_SID=ERI [oracle@node1 oracle]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus ... Mining options [oracle@node1 oracle]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.1/si [oracle@node1 oracle]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initERI.ora node2:/$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/ [oracle@node1 oracle]$ ssh

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... Kossman et al [29], we compress numerical attributes by applying offset encod-ing to integers and by convertencod-ing 8-byte double-precision floats to 4-byte single-precision floats if there is no loss ... two byte fixed length integers by dictio-nary compression on the whole attribute level (the method selected by HDE) In contrast, S-LZW gener-ates variable-length codes and needs to use extra bytes ... only be generated by fully integrating query optimization with the decision of when and how to decompress Early work in the database literature proposed eager de-compression whereby data is decompressed

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... specifies that the data must be traversed by cending date Figure 1 shows how theSEQUENCE BYandCLUSTER BYstatementsaffect the input Rows are grouped by theirCLUSTER BYattribute(s) (not nec-essarily ordered), ... speedups are achieved by our new optimization techniques. Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.2.3 [Database Management]: Languages—query lan-guages; H.2.4 [Database Management]: Systems—query processing ... 1/26/99IBM $84 1/27/99 Fig 1 Effects of SEQUENCE BY and CLUSTER BY on data. Now, to find stocks that went up by 15% or more one day, and then down by20% or more the next day, we can write the SQL-TS

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 22:20

... spread by a 256-chip long code So in the algorithm, we first use a long code to descramble thereceived signal at the chip rate We then do the matched fil-tering by accumulating 256 chips By using ... future wireless systems, giving tremendous challenges toreal-time implementations In this paper, we present our industrial rapid prototyping experiences on 3G/4G wireless systems usingadvanced ... extensions for both CDMA and OFDM systems are consid-ered as enabling techniques for future 3G/4G systems Designing efficient VLSI architectures for the wireless communication systems is of essential academical

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... the boundary, Oracle Database clears the alert Metrics are important for measuring the health of the database and serve as input for self-tuning and recommendations made by Oracle Database advisors ... is exceeded, Oracle Database issues an alert Alerts are displayed on the Database Home page under the Alerts heading (or Related Alerts for nondatabase alerts such as a component of Oracle Net) ... All Metrics page, which can be viewed by clicking All Metrics under Related Links on the Database Home page To view metrics for your database: 1 On the Database Home page under Related Links,

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... usertoorder the tuples in the result of a query by the values of one or moreattributes, using theORDER BYclause This is illustrated by Query 15 ORDER BY DNAME, LNAME, FNAME, PNAMEDEPARTMENT, EMPLOYEE, ... is represented byNULLin the database 2 Unavailableorwithheld value: A person has a home phone but does not want it to be listed, so it is withheld and represented asNULLin the database 3 Not ... queries require that existing values in the database be fetched and then used ina comparison condition Such queries can be conveniently formulated by using nested ries, which are complete select-from-where

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... fields:NAME (30 bytes), SSN (9 bytes),DEPARTMENTCODE (9 bytes),ADDRESS (40 bytes), PHONE (9 bytes),BIRTHDATE (8 bytes), SEX(l byte), JOBCODE (4 bytes), SALARY (4 bytes, real number) An additional byte isused ... W-tree, suppose that the search key field is V = 9bytes long, the block size is B =512 bytes, a record pointer isP, = 7bytes, and ablock pointer is P= 6bytes, as in Example 4 An internal node of theW-tree ... EXAMPLE 4: Suppose the search field isV=9bytes long, the disk block size is B=512 bytes, a record (data) pointer is P, =7 bytes, and a block pointer is P =6 bytes Each B-treenode can have at most

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... reliability in distributed systems. Federated database systems were first defined in McLeod and Heimbigner (1985). Techniques for schema integration in federated databases are presented by Elmasri et al. ... data from a database system into XML documents As we have discussed, XML uses a hierarchical (tree) model to represent documents The database systems with the... the UNIVERSITY database ... distributed database issues are discussed in Hsiao and Kamel (1989). Sheth and Larson (1990) present an exhaustive survey of federated database management. Selected Bibliography I 837 Recently, multidatabase

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... and substitutability • Variables and assignments • S by C • Comparisons • Operators, versions, and signatures • Is a circle an ellipse? • S by C revisited • SQL facilities General Remarks Note ... somewhat forward-looking (most database products don't provide any inheritance support, yet) In fact, at the time of writing, this book appears to be the only database textbook to include a serious ... be in a database for the concept of inheritance to apply to it──but we might say the same about the relational model, in a way.) Also, what discussions there are in other books (i.e., nondatabase

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... BC.Title = B.Title group by B.Title; Prior to Oracle9i, you can generate the full outer join results by performing two separate outer joins—using each table as the outer table—and using a union operation ... order by clauses—that tell Oracle how to do the ranking Where would a Counter value of 3 rank? select RANK(3) within group (order by Counter desc) from CATEGORY_COUNT; RANK(3)WITHINGROUP(ORDERBYCOUNTERDESC) ... connect by clause itself The difference is that the exclusion using the connect by clause will exclude not just the cow mentioned, but all of its children as well If you use connect by to exclude

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... entitled An Examination of Emergency Contraception use by Undergraduate College Students in the Midwest using the Integrated Behavioral Model by Jennifer J Wohlwend Submitted to the Graduate Faculty ... Abstract of An Examination of Emergency Contraception use by Undergraduate College Students in the Midwest using the Integrated Behavioral Model by Jennifer J Wohlwend Submitted to the Graduate Faculty ... birth control could be accounted for by the belief by many college students that condoms are not a form of birth control; consequently they would not report using birth control The top three forms

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2023, 09:15

... require ever more complex systems Automatic generation of those systems (or components of those systems) may become an integral tool, because to design those complex systems by hand may require a ... The idea of comparing local search systems to populationbased approaches has previously been suggested by Juels and MR Hyde et al—Automated code generation by local search Wattenberg (1996) Our ... Currently, the majority of automatic programming systems utilise evolutionary computation By comparison, local search methodologies to automatically build systems have not yet received any significant

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2012, 15:11

... applications one is currently required to simulate these data types and operators using the basic data types and operators provided by the DBMS at substantial inefficiency and complexity Even in business ... subhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh This research was sponsored by the U.S Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant 83-0254 and the Naval Electronics Systems Command Contract N39-82-C-0235 traction which ... INCLUSION OF NEW TYPES IN RELATIONAL DATA BASE SYSTEMS Michael Stonebraker EECS Dept University of California, Berkeley Abstract This paper explores

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 10:15

... These RFCs have since been superceded by RFCs 1034 and 1035 DNS is a distributed database that allows local administrators to maintain their portion of the DNS database while allowing access to it ... client that supports DNS Whenever you are using the Internet, whether it is the World Wide Web or simply email, you are using DNS The structure of the DNS database can be described as an inverted ... it must use RARP to find out its IP address RARP accomplishes this by using a client/server process The RARP server contains a database that simply maps IP addresses to their corresponding MAC

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 01:15