data structures lists stacks and queues

... implementation Applications ofQueue Chapter 5 Stacks and Queues Data Structures and Algorithms Luong The Nhan, Tran Giang Son Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering University of Technology, ... <metadata>, ref dataOut <dataType>) Pops the item on the top of the stack and returns it to caller Pre: stack is a metadata structure to a valid stack dataOut is to receive the popped data ... list and linked list, including single link and double links, and multiple links; (b) stack; and (c) queue and circular queue. • L.O.2.3 - List necessary methods supplied for list, stack, and

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2023, 06:14

... 1Chapter 5 introduces the often­ used data structure of linked lists This presentation shows how to  implement the most common  operations on linked lists CHAPTER 5 Data Structures and Other Objects Trang ... 2linked list are objects, as shown here data_field link_field 10 data_field link_field 15 data_field link_field 7 null class node { public:    typedef double value_type;   private    value_type data_field;    node *link_field; ... 3value_type, defined by a typedef data_field link_field 10 data_field link_field 15 data_field link_field 7 null class node { public:     typedef int value_type;   private     value_type data_field;    node *link_field;

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2021, 03:05

... and Data Structures © N Wirth 1985 (Oberon version: August 2004) Contents Preface 1 Fundamental Data Structures 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Concept of Data Type 1.3 Primitive Data Types 1.4 Standard ... Information Structures 4.1 Recursive Data Types 4.2 Pointers 4.3 Linear Lists 4.3.1 Basic Operations 4.3.2 Ordered Lists and Reorganizing Lists 4.3.3 An Application: Topological Sorting 4.4 Tree Structures ... the data and that, vice versa, the structure and choice of algorithms often depend strongly on the structure of the underlying data In short, the subjects of program composition and data structures

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2014, 22:35

... the expression The two short-circuiting operators are AndAlso and OrElse For example, if the first part of an And expression is False and the AndAlso operator is used, the system will evaluate the ... three algorithms perform withboth smaller data sets and larger data sets The timing tests are run for ar-ray sizes of 100 elements, 1,000 elements, and 10,000 elements Here’s thecode: demon-Sub ... algorithms is ideal for sorting large data sets There are sorting algo-rithms, though, that can handle large data sets more efficiently We’ll examinetheir design and use in Chapter16 In this chapter

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... all store data as key–value pairs These data structures can behash tables, linked lists, or some other data structure type In this chapter, we examine how to create basic dictionaries and how to ... DictionaryBase Class and the SortedList Class A dictionary is a data structure that stores data as a key–value pair The DictionaryBase class is used as an abstract class to implement different datastructures ... E R 1 0Hashing and the Hashtable Class Hashing is a very common technique for storing data in such a way that the data can be inserted and retrieved very quickly Hashing uses a data structure

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... more fundamental structures, such as arrays and linked lists, because you can search a binary tree quickly (as opposed to a linked list) and you can quickly insert data and delete data from a binary ... how linked lists work and how to implement them VB.NET uses a circularly linked list design to implement the ArrayList data structure There are several good books that discuss linked lists, though ... might consult for more information include Data Struc-tures with C++, by Ford and Topp (1996), and, if you’re interested in Java implementations (and you should be because you can almost directly

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... <currSize And heapArray(leftChild)._ data < heapArray(rightChild).data) Then largerChild = rightChild Else largerChild = leftChild End If If (top.data >= heapArray(largerChild).data) Then ... when sorting the data set Let’s say we have thefollowing data in the set: 71 54 58 29 31 78 2 77 First, the data set is broken Trang 3P1: IWVup into two separate sets: 71 54 58 29 and 31 78 2 77 ... using a class for the data so that we can easily change the data type of the data being stored in the heap if we need to Here’s the code for the Node class: Class Node Public data As Integer Public

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... Leiserson, Charles E., Rivest, Ronald L., and CliffordStein Introduction to Algorithms Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 2001 Ford, William and William Topp Data Structures with C++ Upper Saddle ... O’Reilly and Associates, 1997 Knuth, Donald E., The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 1, Fundamental Algorithms Reading, Massachusetts: Addison Wesley, 1998. LaFore, Robert Data Structures and Algorithms ... compressing 365–372 searching in a hash table 214 sorting with queues 116–119 for a Timing class 10 data structures, initializing data typesdetermining for arrays 51 Trang 20distributive set property

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... extreme cases of full queues and empty queues causeddifficulties It is for queues that linked storage really comes into its own Linkedqueues are just as easy to handle as are linked stacks We need only ... Stack and Polynomial and the functions introduction, instruc-tions, do_command, and get_command.*/ {Stack stored_polynomials; introduction( ); instructions( ); while(do_command(get_command( ),stored_polynomials)); ... argument Add a newuser command % to the calculator program to call this method 4.6 ABSTRACT DATA TYPES AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATIONS When we first introduced stacks and queues, we considered them

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... linked lists to test linked sequential search 7.3 BINARY SEARCH Sequential search is easy to write and efficient for short lists, but a disaster for longones Imagine trying to find the name “Amanda ... position and all later entries have their position numbers increased by 1 and data is inserted at position of the List. Else: the function fails with a diagnostic Error_code.*/ {Record list_data; ... list_data; if(position>0){retrieve(position−1,list_data); if(data<list_data) returnfail; } if(position<size( )){retrieve(position,list_data); on it for a full hour Another study2 found correct

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... if(new_data<sub_root->data) returnsearch_and_insert(sub_root->left,new_data); else if(new_data>sub_root->data) returnsearch_and_insert(sub_root->right,new_data); else returnduplicate_error; ... overcome these disadvantages by studying trees as data structures, using the methods of pointers and linked lists for their implementation Data structures organized as trees will prove valuable ... indexfunctions, and access arrays in considerable detail: C C GOTLIEBand L R GOTLIEB,Data Types and Structures, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1978 An interesting study of hash functions and the

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... mathematical structures, and not as data structures, for we have used graphs to formulate mathematical problems, and, to write algorithms, we havethen implemented the graphs within data structures ... data structures like tables and lists Graphs,however, can certainly be regarded as data structures themselves, data structuresthat embody relationships among the data more complicated than those ... brother and at the same time a grandson My wife is my grandmother, sinceshe is my mother’s mother Hence, I am my wife’s husband and at the same timeher step-grandson; in other words, I am my own grandfather

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... may buy or sell land for grain The price of land (in bushels of grain peracre) is determined randomly (between 6 and 13) Rats will consume a randompercentage of your grain, and there are other ... or<limits.h> 540 doubleRandom::random_real( ) / * Post: A random real number between 0 and 1 is returned.*/ To calculate such an integer we start with a random real number in[0,1), multiply ... integer, and add low to put the result into the desired range ofintegers Again, we implement this operation as a method of theclassRandom intRandom::random_integer(intlow, inthigh) / * Post: A random

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... objects with a field, x, and three methods, a(), b(), and c() Suppose we were to define a classT that extendsS and includes an additional field, y, and two methods, d() ande() The classT would ... applied, and a result, which describes and analyzes what the pattern produces We present several design patterns in this book, and we show how they can be consistently applied to implementations of data ... software We can define classes that inherit the standard instance variables and methods and can then define new more-specific instance variables and methods that deal with special aspects of objects

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... and again in the analysis of data structures and algorithms is the summation, which is defined as follows: , Trang 35where a and b are integers and a ≤ b Summations arise in data structure and ... interested in the design of "good" data structures and algorithms Simply put, a data structure is a systematic way of organizing and accessing data, and an algorithm is a step-by-step procedure ... for English messages that include both upper and lowercase characters Trang 26Chapter Notes The fundamental data structures of arrays and linked lists, as well as recursion, discussed in this

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... "(" and ")" • Braces: "{" and "}" • Brackets: "[" and "]" • Floor function symbols: " " and " " • Ceiling function symbols: " " and ... nodes p and q (either or both of which could be sentinels), we create a new node t, have t's prev and next links respectively refer to p and q, and then have p's next link refer to t, and have ... configuration and results in B holding 4 elements at the end C-5.11 Alice has two queues, S and T, which can store integers Bob gives Alice 50 odd integers and 50 even integers and insists that

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... are data storage structures while stacks and queues are specialized DS and used as programmer’s tools • Stack – a container that allows push and pop • Queue - a container that allows enqueue and ... the queue Circular Queue • To solve this problem, queues implement wrapping around Such queues are called Circular Queues • Both the front and the rear pointers wrap around to the beginning ... codes • First example stack ADT and implementation C:\Documents and Settings\box\My Documents\CS\CSC\220\ReaderPrograms\ReaderFiles \Chap04\Stack\stack.java • push and pop operations are performed...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2015, 19:42

... phần cứng máy Chúng ta thấy integers, floats, and characters thực phần cứng Bin double xác số dấu phẩy Có ba vòng áp dụng cho số nguyên: short, long and unsigned Một biến số nguyên dài hay ngắn ... seq3; /* squence of length */ /* consisting of an integer, */ /* a character and a */ /* floating-point number */ abstract typedef intseq; /* sequence of 10 integers ... thước nhớ máy có hạn Do đó, kiểu liệu "integer" thể phần cứng mà kiểu liệu " “integer 15 be-tween x and y” " x y số nguyên nhỏ lớn biểu diễn máy Quan trọng nhận biết hạn chế triển khai thực cụ thể...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2015, 17:16

... end (tail) of the queue, and are accessed and deleted from the beginning (head) of the queue Data1 Data2 Data3 Data2 Data1 Data1 Data3 Data2 Data1 Data3 Data3 Data2 Data1 Data2 Liang, Introduction ... Data1 Data1 Data3 Data2 Data2 Data1 Data3 Data2 Data1 Data1 Data1 Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 0132130807 34 Queues ... 0132130807 Four Classic Data Structures Four classic dynamic data structures to be introduced in this chapter are lists, stacks, queues, and binary trees A list is a collection of data stored sequentially...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2014, 01:17

... ArrayList, and Collection classes to the Stack and Queue classes and to the HashTable and the SortedList classes The data structures and algorithms student can now see how to use a data structure ... 20:59 DATA STRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS USING C# C# programmers: no more translating data structures from C++ or Java to use in your programs! Mike McMillan provides a tutorial on how to use data structures ... Introduction to Collections, Generics, and the Timing Class This book discusses the development and implementation of data structures and algorithms using C# The data structures we use in this book are...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 10:16