cytokines and chemokines in airway inflammation

... pathogenesis [8,9] Therefore, both chemokines and In the present investigation, we have determined levels of cytokines and chemokines in BAL fluids (BALF) in an early SSc cohort Furthermore, ... some cytokines/ chemokines, such as CCL2 and CCL3, were increased in idiopathic ILD as well as in SSc-associated ILD, indicating an important, but nonspecific contribution of these chemokines in ... autoantibodies, Th2 cytokines, growth factors, and several other cytokines/ chemokines [42,43] As detected with our first analysis including 17 different cytokines, profibrotic cytokines such as IL-13...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... [23] Ghrelin participates directly in hypothalamic regulation of nutrition, it causes weight gain by reducing food utilization, increasing food intake, and inhibiting leptininduced feeding reduction ... loss and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cytokins, APRP, adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin leves have not been explained yet We suggested that adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin are tightly regulated ... of circulating IL-6 and midkine, independently of the patients weight status, and with Il-1, Il-8 and VEGF in cachectic cancer patients TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6 are key cytokines involved in cancer-related...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:22

... (Figure 1) They include structural matrix proteins (collagens, laminin, fibronectin, fibrin, etc.) and molecules modulating cell migration (integrins), cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions ... Decorin, fibromodulin, and types IX and XI collagen all interact with type II collagen and regulate collagen fiber assembly and structure Types II and VI collagen bind matrix receptors (integrins) ... matrix proteins shown include thrombospondin and cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) creation of hybrid hydrogel D networks containing a cell-binding site for ligation of cell-surface integrin receptors...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... production of a number of cytokines and chemokines (Figs 3C and 4C) For purposes of discussion we have divided these into two groups One group of cytokines and chemokines was induced to high levels, ... prostaglandin production was linked to effects on levels of COX-2 mRNA and protein and to inhibition of COX-2 enzymatic activity • TMP inhibited production of several key inflammatory cytokines and chemokines ... Tris-Glycine gels and subjected to electrophoresis using the Novex Mini-Cell System (Invitrogen) Following transfer, blocking and probing, bands were visualized using the SuperSignal Chemiluminescent...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... RL: Increased surfactant protein D in rat airway goblet and Clara cells during ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation Clin Exp Allergy 2002, 32:1251-1258 Raposo G, Dunia I, Marullo S, Andre ... determine whether cav-1 and cav-2 are in close apposition in airway epithelial cells in situ, thereby indicating an association of both proteins and formation of hetero-oligomers Distinct increase ... agonist binding [21,22] These receptors are involved in the regulation of ciliary function [23,24] In addition, several proteins involved in Ca2+-dependent signaling processes, including the Ca2+-pump...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... allergic airway inflammation, and has been linked to increased airway IL-13 [20] In our hands the model of sub-chronic airway inflammation that we utilized did not result in a reproducible increase in ... and other Th2 cytokines, by H R antagonists could have a meaningful therapeutic effect on inflammation, remodeling and airway dysfunction in a subchronic model of allergic lung inflammation in ... existing allergic inflammation, and to attenuate airway remodeling and hyperreactivity The model used herein, may be considered to be mast cell independent, since sensitization protocols involving...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... manuscript writing MEP did the Bio-Plex®® cytokine analysis and assisted in data interpretation and manuscript writing LMB participated in the study design, data interpretation and manuscript writing JHTB ... data interpretation and manuscript writing CGI was involved in the study design and in the preparation of the manuscript All authors have read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests ... on quantification of extravasation in the BALF and used IgG1 and total protein in BALF as indicators of plasma extravasation The increase in total protein in the (RS)-albuterol treated mice was...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... MO, USA) Intracellular staining for cytokines was performed using BD cytofix/cytoperm and BD perm/wash reagents with GolgiStop as recommended by BD Pharmingen Intracellular cytokine staining was ... responses The finding that enzymatically active AMCase is induced in an IL-13 dependent manner in Th2 driven inflammation reinforced this hypothesis [16] Though Th2 cytokines, including IL-13, have ... containing 0.3% bovine serum albumin (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON, Canada) or in RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, ON, Canada), 1% L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... that exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) results in acute airway inflammation and a decrease in lung function in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic children [7] In a randomized controlled ... rhinitis [12] and asthma [13] in children and on lung function in adults[9] In this study, we evaluated the impact and the potential modulating effect of dietary intake on lung function and airway ... different cytokines including IL8, interferon gamma, IL6 and IL10 levels in nasal lavage in the laboratory of Dr Diaz-Sanchez, using commercially available Elisa kits according to the manufacturer's instructions...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... levels in induced sputum and smoking pack-years, airway obstruction, and airway inflammation in asymptomatic and COPD smokers Asymptomatic smokers n = 17 COPD smokers n = 14 r VEGF levels in induced ... containing dithiothreitol (final concentration: mmol/L) and centrifuged at 790 g for minutes (4°C), and the pellet was resuspended Slides were made by using cytospin (Cytospin 3, Shandon, INC, ... the expression of VEGF in the airways, as suggested by acute increase in VEGF levels during smoking [32] Although the increase in neutrophils by smoking may explain the increase of VEGF, it may...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... well known, that inflammation initiated by smoking leads to a changes in both – airways and lung parenchyma The main known contribution of smoking is activation and recruitment of inflammatory cells ... Conclusion Smokers and ex-smokers with COPD had close to similar number and type of IS inflammatory cells, indicating an ongoing inflammation in proximal airways after smoking cessation Although, ... the similar inflammatory response in smokers and exsmokers with COPD, which is associated not only with smoking, but also with systemic inflammation Influence of smoking may explain an increased...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... for MCP-1 and CCR2 in other models of inflammation and fibrosis, including different allergic airway disease models [25,27,33] Those findings indicate that the role of MCP1 and CCR2 in allergic ... show minimal trichrome staining around small airways (A) (similar findings from Mcp-1-/- and Ccr2-/- control mice are not shown) Increased trichrome staining is noted around small airways in Aspergillus ... To determine if Aspergillus-antigen challenge results in increased mucus production, we analyzed lung histology by PAS-staining As shown in Fig 4A, there was minimal PAS staining in the airway...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... remodelling in COPD may itself generate and maintain an inflammatory process, independent of cigarette smoking [25] In order to elucidate the role of smoking on inflammation in COPD we have investigated ... of current smoking may mask findings of chronic inflammation in COPD, since numbers of inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsies and sputum are comparable in smokers with mild COPD and asymptomatic ... macrophage infiltration, which is part of the ongoing inflammatory process in COPD This is important to realise when investigating the inflammatory and remodelling processes in smokers and ex-smokers...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... airway walls and the number of infiltrated eosinophils around the airway increased, eosinophils appeared within the lumen of the airway, and goblet cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy occurred in ... vaccine containing OVA and Fc fusion gene targeting DCs, the murine OVAcDNA was amplified from OVA-pcDNA3.1 plasmid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), spliced and then cloned into pMIgV containing ... allergen-induced airway inflammation in a murine allergic model OVA-sensitization and challenge could induced the development of airway inflammation and Th2 responses and suppressed the proliferation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... metabolites involved in airway smooth muscle tone, mucus secretion, and inflammation (48) Nitric oxide, growth factors involved in respiratory tissue repair, and proinflammatory cytokines that recruit inflammatory ... managing asthma tend to concentrate on treating airway inflammation (18) Acute inflammation in asthma includes both an early and a late phase In the early phase, mast cells and macrophages in the ... reduced in diseases featuring airway inflammation, such as asthma, increasing DHA levels through supplementation should increase the availability of protectin D1 to alleviate airway inflammation and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:48

... to that of highly-regulated cytokines and oncogenes, including granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-8 and c-fos This may explain why the regulation of the ... cooperate in modulating PAI-2 mRNA stability, REMSA analyses were performed to determine the role of the ARE II and ARE IV sites in the binding of proteins to the ‘extended ARE’ Binding of cytoplasmic ... WI, USA) generating pTEasy-Globin and pTEasy-GAPDH For in vitro transcription, 500 ng of SpeI linearized pTEasy-Globin and SacII linearized pTEasy-GAPDH were incubated for h in the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... determine HAT-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR Since EGFR is known to be phosphorylated by its intrinsic receptor kinase through homo- and heterodimerization following ligand binding (autophosphorylation) ... revealed terminus acts as a tethered ligand that binds to the receptor and autoactivates it PAR-2 is activated by trypsin and mast cell tryptase and is known to mediate airway in ammation both in vitro ... washing in NaCl ⁄ Pi containing 1% FBS, the cells were stained with anti-TACE mAb or control IgG at °C for 30 After washing with NaCl ⁄ Pi containing 1% FBS, cells were incubated with fluorescein...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma 1 Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma Current Concepts Stephen T Holgate Introduction Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder of the airways ... has been linked to acute life-threaten- Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma ing attacks of asthma, whereas other allergens including animal dander, insect dust, grass pollen, and molds ... (MCP)-1, -3, and -4 These five chemokines interact with the CCR-3 Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma receptor that is expressed in high numbers on eosinophils, basophils, and a subset...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:46

... outside of demyelinated lesions Our finding of changes in cytokine expression following NG2 ablation may also be important in understanding changes in demyelination and remyelination in the NG2 null ... for the proinflammatory cytokines interferon gamma (IFNg) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1b) were reduced in NG2 null mice In contrast, the expression of cytokines characteristic of an anti-inflammatory ... myelin repair by clearing myelin debris and by producing cytokines and growth factors that promote recruitment of OPCs and prime interactions between OPCs and axons Thus, NG2-dependent deficits in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... hand, contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif and functions as an inhibitory Fc receptor upon interacting with ICs [8] The balance of activating and inhibitory FcγR determines ... of cytokines and dexamethasone on on FcγRI/CD64 expression in vitro (a) Direct effects of cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) on Effect of cytokines and dexamethasone FcγRI/CD64 expression in ... cytokines and chemokines These events could culminate in a vicious cycle of renal inflammation and monocyte infiltration, ultimately leading to permanent tissue damage Reeves WH, Narain S, Satoh...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22