cryogenic equipment and cryogenic systems analysis

... have a flexible pressure range and overall capacity, low power cost, and high efficiency rating They can handle density and gas composition changes, and small volumes and can deliver high pressures ... Membranes are designed to be durable and tough and able to withstand high temperatures and a variety of conditions Diaphragm compressors can generate very high pressures and are used mem-to compress ... valves and pressure relief valves are used to relieve excess pres-sure that could damage operating equipment and hurt operating person-nel These valves are sized to handle specific flow rates and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/08/2013, 10:47

... hold the baffles in place and prevent vibration and excessive tube movement Nozzles and Accessory Parts Shell-and-tube inlet and outlet nozzles are sized for pressure drop and v elocity considerations ... increasing fluid velocity and lowering the temperature Fouling is often tracked and identified using check-lists that collect tube inlet and outlet pressures, and shell inlet and outlet pressures ... withstand the greatest temperature and pressure conditions The shell has inlet and outlet nozzles The total number and placement of nozzles will depend on the design.Tubes Tubes on shell-and-tube...

Ngày tải lên: 20/08/2013, 10:39

... distillation systems, and reaction systems They can be used for such processes as laminating, vulcanizing, extrusion, firefighting, and flare systems; and to provide cooling or heating to process equipment ... water and steam flow rates and temperatures and water level in the boiler The operator also checks for smoke and checks burner and flame pattern The operator main-tains good housekeeping and unit ... the trap and comes into con-tact with the bellows Condensate causes the bellows to contract and open Steam causes the bellows to expand and close Bellows traps can handle condensate and noncondensable...

Ngày tải lên: 21/08/2013, 10:47

... technicians and instrument and electrical, mechanical, safety, and engineering personnel. In order to read a P&ID, the technician needs an understanding of the equipment, instrumentation, and technology. ... beams, and foundation uses foundation drawings (Figure 12.5). Concrete and steel specifications are designed to support equipment, integrate underground piping, and provide support for exterior and ... visitor information and new employee training. A process and instrument drawing is more complex. The P&ID includes a graphic representation of the equipment, piping, and instrumentation....

Ngày tải lên: 23/08/2013, 14:30

... systems, quench systems, process variable alarms, and automatic shutdown controls Quench systems are designed to stop the reaction pro-cess Pressure relief systems are sized to handle and contain ... drops, and impuri-ties in the feed or product streams The type and quantity of instrumenta-tion are usually determined by past data and experience and from research and development Reactor Systems ... XXX Out Feed In In In Trang 21Reactor Systemsas high-pressure relief valves and alarms, high-temperature alarms and emergency cooling, fire control systems, and toxic chemical detection sys-tems...

Ngày tải lên: 23/08/2013, 14:47

... inexpensive and readily available, and it should not be hazardous or corrosive Equipment Basically, the equipment for commercial operations is designed to ensure contact between the solvent and the ... dhesives; hard and soft plastic; plastic fibers and fabric; and resistant, dec-orative, and transparent plastic Various methods are used in this process I n extrusion, solid resins are melted and pushed ... that the solvent and feed both enter the system on the left and the raffinate and extract are removed at the right The raf-finate from each stage is the feed for the next stage, and the solvent...

Ngày tải lên: 27/08/2013, 07:28

... Trang 163.1 CRYOGENICS AND CRYOFLUID PROPERTIESThe science and technology of deep refrigeration processing occurring at temperatures lower than about 150 K is the field of cryogenics (from ... phase relationships andenergy effects may influence the design of helium processes, and do affect the shape of thermody-namic diagrams for helium 63.2 CRYOGENIC REFRIGERATION AND LIQUEFACTION CYCLES ... minimum work required to produce the process goal, AS and A// are the difference between product and feed entropy and enthalpy, respectively, and T 0 is the ambient temperature Table63.3 lists the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 14:15

... because t will represent the time variable and we shall be interested in the behavior of systems only for positive time In fact, the variables and systems are usually defined so that f (t) = ... constants A and B are determined by substitution into the differential equation and, as expected, are found to be -2 and A, respectively Then * x ( t ) = - 2 + fie 2t + Cle-’ + C2em2’ + Cse’ and the ... satisfies the differential equation and initial conditions and hence is the desired solution This third step is frequently the most difficult or tedious step and will be developed further in the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:18

... Wei, Russell, and Swartzlander: The Structure of the Chemical Processing Industries Wentz: Hazardous Waste Management Trang 5PROCESS SYSTEMS ANALYSISTrang 6PROCESS SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND CONTROLInternational ... Linear Open-Loop Systems 5 Response of First-Order Systems 6 Physical Examples of First-Order Systems 7 Response of First-Order Systems in Series 8 Higher-Order Systems: Second-Order and Transportation ... Processes Holland: Fundamentals of Multicomponent Distillation Holland and Liapis: Computer Methods for Solving Dynamic Separation Problems Katz and Lee: Natural Gas Engineering: Production and Storage...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:18

... 539 Displacement and Position 543 Pressure 545 Flow 554 Liquid Level 579 Density 587 Temperature 594 Cryogenic Equipment and Cryogenic Systems Analysis Introduction ... word cryogenics is a product of the 20th Century and comes from the Greek—kroB—frost and ginomai—to produce, engender Etymologically, cryogenics means the science and art of producing cold and ... Commission, and to develop improved processes and equipment for the fast-growing cryogenic field Annual conferences in cryogenic engineering have been sponsored by the National Bureau of Standards...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:22

... pipes and fittings to connect with plastic pipes with thrust resisting joint …  Tapping clamp Fig 88 and 89  Clamping bands for tapping clamps type 88 and 89 and for tapping valves “TOP” and ... flanged pipes and fittings acc to ISO 2531, DIN EN 545 and manufacturer’s standard 21 1.1 23 25 26 27 28 29 Socket joints TYTON ®-socket joint TYT Screw-gland socket joint S MU Bolted-gland socket ... valves • special valves and • column Foundry engineering • centrifugal casting machines for all kinds of pipes and bushes • cokeless cupola furnaces and • complete foundry equipment Jobbing foundry...

Ngày tải lên: 27/02/2014, 02:20

... used for wireless transmission and reception • A filter can be used to handle full-duplex transmissions – Full-duplex wireless communications equipment • Sends and receives on different frequencies ... – Divides the bandwidth of a channel into several smaller frequencies bands – Cable television is transmitted using FDMA – Crosstalk • Causes interference on the other frequency and may disrupt ... – Bandpass filter Mixers • Combine two radio frequency inputs to create a single output – Output is in the range of the highest sum and the lowest difference of the two frequencies – Sum and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:52

... ideal, and everything has a price Inductors have resistance, and their magnetic cores are not ideal either, so they dissipate power Capacitors have resistance, and as current flows in and out ... currents in their input and output capacitors Those ripple currents create voltage ripple and noise on the converter’s input and output due to the resistance, inductance, and finite capacitance ... are the primary power source in much of today's consumer and communications equipment Such systems may require one or several voltages, and they may be less or greater than the battery voltage...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2012, 09:40

... subscripts h, c, i and o denote hot, cold, inlet and outlet, respectively It represents the relationship between the temperature difference between the hot and cold gas streams at inlet and the temperature ... the cold side absorbed heat and UA value by 18% and 24%, respectively, compared to the commercial design Figure Cold side absorbed heat and UA value of commercial and INER-Kaori plate heat exchangers ... R., Fuel Cell Handbook, Van Norstand Reinhold, New York, 1989 [2] Stanley W A., Direct Energy Conversion, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1982 [3] Larminie J., A Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems Explained,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... between the client's assembly and any other assembly it uses The assembly's version is the product of its version number (major and minor numbers, such as 3.11) and the build and revision numbers The ... A.2 Log File Example Figures A-1 and A-2 show the same tracing and logging entries—one in HTML format and the other in XML The HTML log file file://F:\Documents%2 0and% 20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\Rar$EX0 ... for read-intensive systems It requires a solid understanding of transaction processing theory and the semantics of the transaction itself, the concurrency issues involved, and the consequences...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 14:20

... committed and its changes will not roll back Of course, the shipment transaction may retry and eventually succeed and commit, and that may be fine On the other hand, it may always fail, and that ... IMessageMover interface and a standard implementation of it The standard implementation is available for the C++ developer by calling CoCreateInstance( ) using CLSID_MessageMover and for the Visual ... only the Shipment recorder and pass in as parameters where and how the Shipment object should create the Response object (machine and queue name, authentication level, and so on) The Shipment object...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 15:20

... rights reserved 16 3.8 Random Number Generation • rand function () – i = rand(); – Generates unsigned integer between and RAND_MAX (usually 32767) • Scaling and shifting – Modulus (remainder) ... dice, calculate sum and display results int rollDice( void ) { int die1; int die2; int workSum; die1 = + rand() % 6; // pick random die1 value die2 = + rand() % 6; // pick random die2 value workSum ... 47 48 49 // loop 6000 times and summarize results for ( int roll = 1; roll

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2013, 08:20

... Capital adequacy and capability to withstand risks – Adequacy and effectiveness of CAAP – Capital adequacy to meet current and future business needs and to withstand business cycles and adverse economic ... policies, procedures and limits 12 Pillar factors (3) • Systems and controls (cont’d) – Internal control system and environment  Segregation of duties and responsibilities  Audit and compliance functions ... allow institutions to choose between standardised approach, foundation IRB and advanced IRB for credit risk, and between basic indicator approach and standardised approach (not AMA) for operational...

Ngày tải lên: 15/10/2013, 23:13

... and presentation In IT analysis and design, there are three principles that will help you discover and model business rules: ! The CRUD factor “CRUD” stands for creation, retrieval, update, and ... business logic: packaging and deployment and managing state ! Market Purchasing The purpose of this section is to review the logical and physical designs of Market Purchasing and to explain the justification ... Purchasing application uses design patterns and COM+ technology in its logical and physical designs Materials and Preparation This section provides the materials and preparation tasks that you need to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 18:15

... title and navigation areas and the five digital dashboard zones Module 2: Using Web Parts and Digital Dashboard Components Overview Slide Objective To provide an overview of the module topics and ... ContentLink, and ContentType 8 Module 2: Using Web Parts and Digital Dashboard Components Using the ContentLink and Content Properties Slide Objective To present descriptions of the ContentLink and Content ... includes any title bar and any standard buttons that a digital dashboard includes in that title bar 20 Module 2: Using Web Parts and Digital Dashboard Components Using the Height and Width Properties...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 00:15