cost analysis for gac and resin systems

... population for three farmers in Passu 25 Flow diagram of seed potato production and marketing 26 Decision tree for livelihood systems in Passu 27 Decision tree for farming systems on new land ... Northeastern Thailand 37 8 Seasonal calendar for an area of Northeastern Thailand 38 10 Annual fluctuations in price and planted area for 40 major crops in Northeastern Thailand 11 Declining ... Thailand 12 Fluctuations in soil acidity under three cropping 41 systems in Northern Thailand 13 Flow diagram of rice production, economic and-labour 42 relations for Northeastern Thailand 14

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 05:20

... programming models, performance models, and parallel programming environments for message passing and shared memory models, including MPI, Pthreads, Java threads, and OpenMP For each of these parallel ... programming techniques and to facilitate the implementation of efficient parallel programs for a wide variety of application areas Performance models and techniques for runtime analysis are described ... O’Donnell, Andreas Prell, Carsten Scholtes, and Michael Schwind Many thanks to Matthias Korch, Carsten Scholtes, and Michael Schwind for help with the exercises We thank Monika Glaser for her help and

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... techniques for selecting paths through networks and switching techniques for message forwarding over a given path. Section 2.7 considers memory hierarchies of sequential and parallel plat- forms and ... formance measure of computer systems. Often, the SPEC benchmarks (System Per- formance and Evaluation Cooperative) are used to measure the integer and floating- point performance of computer systems ... resources for different memory models are described. Chapter 4 is devoted to the performance analysis of parallel programs. It introduces popular performance or cost measures that are also used for

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... These systems are therefore also called NUMAs (non-uniform memory access), see Fig 2.5 Since single SMP sys-tems have a uniform memory latency for all processors, they are also called UMAs (uniform ... processes and which will be considered in more detail in Trang 514 2 Parallel Computer ArchitectureChaps 3 and 5 To perform message-passing, two processes P A and P Bon different nodes A and B issue ... PVM, see Chap 5 for a detailed treatment of MPI These libraries are often based on standard protocols like TCP/IP [110, 139] The difference between cluster systems and distributed systems lies in

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... this also increases the power density and heat production because of leakage current and power consumption, thus requiring an increased effort and more energy for cool-ing Second, memory access ... cycles for a memory access For example, in 1990 main memory access was between 6 and 8 cycles for a typical desktop computer system, whereas in 2006 memory access typically took between 100 and ... the main memory Therefore, memory access times could become a limiting factor for further performance increase, and cache memories are used to prevent this, see Sect 2.7 for a further discussion

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... implies that there is an edge between node α 0 α j α k−1 and node α 0 ¯α j α k−1 for 0 ≤ j ≤ k − 1 where ¯α j = 1forα j = 0 and ¯α j = 0forα j = 1. Thus, there is an edge between every pair of ... d−1 ) and B = (b 0 , ,b d−1 ) are connected by an edge if there is a dimension j ∈{0, ,d −1} for which a j = (b j ±1) mod k and a i = b i for all other dimensions i = 0, ,d − 1, i = j.Fork = ... the connectivity is nc(G) = ec(G) = 2, and the bisection bandwidth is also B(G) = 2. In practice, ring networks can be used for small number of processors and as part of more complex networks.

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... description of X Y routing for two-dimensional meshes and E-cube routing for hypercubes as typical examples for dimension-order routing algorithms X Y Routing for Two-Dimensional Meshes For a twodimensional ... , Nk} and network links {n1, , nk} exists such that for 1 ≤ i < k each message N i uses a link n i for transmission and waits for the release of link n i+1 which is currently used for the ... method using the same degree of incoming and outgoing wires for all switches For the switches, a × b crossbars are often used where a is the input degree and b is the output degree The switches

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... the left) ofβ and selects the output link for forwarding the message according to the following rule: • for β k= 0, the message is forwarded over the upper link of the switch and • for β k= 1, ... turns (top), allowed turns for X Y routing (middle), and allowed turns for west-first routing (bottom) possible turns in a 2D mesh turns allowed for XY−Routing turn allowed for West−First−Routing ... cycles Examples are the west-first routing for two-dimensional meshes and the P-cube routing for n-dimensional hypercubes. The west-first routing algorithm for a two-dimensional mesh prohibits only

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... buffer and to select the output channel to be used by inspecting the header informa-tion of the packet Thus, for a path of length l, the entire time for packet transmission with store-and-forward ... Today, two or three levels of cache are used for each processor, using a small and fast L1 cache and larger, but slower L2 and L3 caches For multiprocessor systems where each processor uses a separate ... time for packet transmission depends lin-early on the packet size and the length l of the path Packet transmission with store-and-forward routing is illustrated in Fig 2.30(b) The time for the

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:20

... I.-C Chang and C.-L Huang, “The model-based human body motion analysis system,” Image and Vision Computing, vol 18, no 14, pp 1067–1083, 2000 [23] M Brand and V Kettnaker, “Discovery and segmentation ... IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol 22, no 8, pp 844–851, 2000 [24] N Krahnstover, M Yeasin, and R Sharma, “Towards a unified framework for tracking and analysis of human ... coordinate systems for the 3D human model N (1) MW = R y (θ y ) · Rx (θx ) depicts the transformation between the world coordinate (XW , YW , ZW ) and the navel coordinate (XN , YN , ZN ), where θx and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... paths before and after fusion for Trial 93 xii LIST OF FIGURES 6.6 Temporal error propagation before and after fusion for Trial 94 6.7 Tracking paths before and after fusion for Trial ... Garg and Prof Marc Andre Armand, for their time and efforts in assessing my research work, for the valuable suggestions and critical questions during my qualification examination I must thank NUS for ... Temporal error propagation before and after fusion for Trial 97 6.10 Temporal error propagation before and after fusion for Trial 11 97 6.11 Tracking paths for two typical cases ...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:24

... Nanodevices for identity preservation & tracking - Nanodevices for smart treatment delivery systems - Smart systems integration: sensing, localization, reporting & control - Nanodevices for molecular and ... Major research and development activities in the life sciences has generated the need for materials, methods, and devices for sorting, separating, and analyzing proteins, DNA and other biomolecules ... biotissue/bioproducts manufacture Biosensors for food safety and environmental assessment, sensing, monitoring, and controlling bioprocesses in agriculture and food systems Nanomaterials, biopolymer composites,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 00:20

... available For eastern Germany we could only separate between persons who ever migrated and all others 2.4 Method The analysis was done separately for eastern and western Germany as well as for males and ... samples, and they also differ between the two survey waves We restricted the analysis to control variables which were available for both parts of Germany and for both waves The consideration of information ... different categorisation the results for eastern and western Germany (and in some cases also for females and males) are not directly comparable However, for both samples it is possible to investigate...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 13:20