corporate financial structures in developing countries

... view of investment finance in developing countries 14 In fact, both in the catch-up processes in Germany as well as in China described in box 2, a large share of investment has been financed ... profits in the business sectors increase which in the national accounting end up as retained profits and hence saving by the corporate sector.6 In the end, again, aggregate saving equals aggregate investment, ... often observed in countries which have liberalized their financial sector) is that financial institutions in some instances extend credit mainly to households for the sake of the financing of consumption

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:20

... implementing the new FMIS are critical Participation, information, and adequate training will often strengthen this support • Training The training for the staff will not only include training in ... capacity building, particularly in the AG’s department, through training, restructuring, and computerization; • Revising, developing and managing enabling legislation, accounting principles, systems ... reforms and reengineering of business processes for FMIS design Trang 9Box 2 Main Steps in Introducing an FMIS Stage 1: Preparatory - Preliminary concept design including an institutional and

Ngày tải lên: 06/04/2018, 11:11

... Scheibe Matr Nr 9840238 95 THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ZURBRUGG C., Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental ... Management II.4.2 The informal private sector II.5 RECYCLING ACTIVITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES II.6 PROBLEMS OF SWM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES II.7 PROBLEMS ... Matr Nr 9840238 89 THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES References ARGEITI S., Exploring recycling and reuse activities in HCMC, Vietnam: An integrated approach

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48

... sustainability, or of threats to sustainability In order to do this, proper sustainability criteria/indicators must provide this information, to indicate our progress in achieving sustainability ... population in income group i in inventory year T i,j = degree of utilization of treatment/discharge pathway or system, j, for each income group fraction i in an inventory year i = income group: ... 2002) In analyzing the sustainability of sanitation technologies in general and wastewater treatment technologies in particular, the different dimensions of sustainability should be taken into

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... are more applicable in developing countries, for instance, to increasing milk yield in cows fed high forage diets in India [NDDB records quoted in Leng [1997] Industrialised countries normally ... 1984] Improving protein nutrition is the second strategy for increasing production in ruminants with a high protein requirements These include young animals following weaning, cows in the last ... and reduce protein flow to the intestines [defaunation /oil drenching] Trang 10A discussion of various factors involved in the amounts of microbial protein entering the intestines or the extent

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... urbanisation, changes in lifestyles and dietary habits and increasing disposable incomes Trang 2The livestock economy indeveloping countries Livestock is becoming increasingly important in the growth ... analysis of rinderpest viruses has been vital in determining the lineages circulating in the world and instrumental in aiding the Global Rinderpest Eradication Programme Enzyme-linked immunosorbent ... global trends in funding for research and development and production do not address the concerns, needs and opportunities of the developing world Developing countries are finding it increasingly expensive

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 22:00

... guidelines in the 1 970s That outdoor concentrations are an indicator of total exposure, which is dominated by indoor concentrations, is not in dispute, since outdoor air infiltrates indoors ... housing, and environmental policies in many countries APPENDIX: INTERNATIONAL URBAN AIR POLLUTION. .. pending on the kind of household fuels and amount of ETS, they are URBAN, INDOOR ... emissions information 3 Urban Management Program (99) , another World Bank project, is done jointly with UNCHS (Habitat) It is developing rapid environmental assessment techniques for use in developing-

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... disasters in developed countries generally do not find and discuss aggregate, macroeconomic impacts; in developing countries a series of studies focusing on developing countries find significant ... of an investment accruing over time and in different sectors from the viewpoint of society CBA has its origins in the rate-of return assessment/financial appraisal methods undertaken in business ... CBA in different contexts Overall, the aims of this manual are: ƒ presenting methods for CBA in the context of disaster risk management in developing countries, ƒ outlining the potential of integrating

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... 1Paper # 039 ENT 107 Enhancing Global Education: Making Steel Connection Sculpture Available Online to Students in Developing Countries Karen C Chou and Saeed Moaveni Minnesota State University ... and their corporate members Unfortunately, because of its high cost, this type of visual aid is not available to civil engineering students studying abroad, especially in developing countries ... their civil engineering students to examine the helpfulness of this tool In this paper, we describe in detail, how this interactive tool can be used to enhance student’s learning in a steel design

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:20

... Trang 4PUBLIC SPENDING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: TRENDS, DETERMINATION, AND IMPACT1 Shenggen Fan and Neetha Rao 2 1 INTRODUCTION Many developing countries are currently undergoing substantial macroeconomic ... important information for more efficient targeting of these limited and often declining financial resources in the future There have been numerous studies on the role of government spending in the ... expenditures in 43 developing countries considered in this study experienced an erratic pattern During the 1980s, expenditures increased from $776 billion in 1980 to $1,148 billion in 1990, with

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... 10Expanding and improving training programmes must be at the heart of human resources development strategies for health systems in developing countries New approaches to training are needed to increase ... closing the healthcare worker gap in developing countries One of the primary barriers to improving health outcomes, and overall development, in developing nations, is the shortage of trained ... subscriptions worldwide, including 3.8 billion in developing countries12 Access to a mobile network is now available to 90% of the world’s population, including 80% of the population living in rural areas13

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:20

... thatdefault-free nominal bonds are a riskless investment Conventional wis-dom used to be that the conservative investor invested principally inbonds and the aggressive or speculative investor invested principally ... following a less cumbersome investment strategy, such asconcentrating in stocks and bills alone One of our principal goals is to determine whether an investor who isconstrained to limit his investment ... welfare gain to anindividual investor from the introduction of trading in such securities inthe U.S capital market In the first part of the paper we develop a mean-variance model formeasuring the

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:20

... in table 1 show similar effects for private saving rates The influence of income typically is greater in developing than in industrialcountries, tapering off at medium or high income levels In ... percent in 1985–94 However, this aggregate figure conceals wide divergences in savingpatterns within the developing world Saving rates have risen rapidly in Chinaand most other countries in East ... making consistent use of existing data sources, including the World Bank’s World Development Indicators, the International Monetary Fund’s International Financial Statistics and Government Financial

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... remains unclear as to whether they ac-tually increase average savings balances The second type of incentive, financial, are much less common than in-kind incentives; relatively few financial institutions ... clients Promoting savings could enhance this type of substantive financial inclusion by increasing young peo-ple’s knowledge of and experience with financial services, inculcating good habits ... ser-vices In December 2009, Freedom from Hunger launched ‘Advancing Integrated Microfinance (AIM) for Youth’ in Mali and Ecuador, com-bining community-based financial services and financial education

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... legal databases, and interviews with insurance and risk management representatives aimed at finding information on the direct costs to the insurance industry of poor building IAQ, as well as the ... Indian national burden of disease, placing indoor air pollution as a major risk factor in the country 2 References (i) Journal Articles Outdoor Air Pollution – Developing Countries Alberini, ... non-trauma deaths in Delhi is smaller than effects found in the United States (b) The impacts of air pollution on deaths by age-group may be very different in developing countries than in the United

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... quality improvement, setting specific objectives, selecting and measuring indicators, data analysis and interpretation, running effective meetings, involving the community, involving district level ... package into national service delivery policies and standards; build those aspects into pre-service training of health workers and in-service training of current staff  Incorporating quality indicators ... considered in budgeting for the improvement effort:     Training cost for coaches and other staff training Planning and management meetings Transport for coaching visits Learning Sessions:

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... ((Developing countries; Developing country; Countries, developing; Developed countries; Country, developing; Countries, developed; Developed country; Country, developed; Nations, developing; Developing ... Haemophilus influenzae vaccine 181 Hepatitis A vaccine 182 HPV vaccine 183 Influenza vaccine 184 Measles vaccine 185 Meningococcal vaccine 186 Pneumococcal vaccine 187 Polio vaccine 189 ... found in studies in previous years, in a multi-country study in Africa, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was as effective as artemisinin-based therapy for uncomplicated P falciparum, and resulted in

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... Guatemala Honduras: Honduras India: India1 India2 India3 India4 India5 India6 India7 India8 India9 India10 India11 India12India13 Indonesia: Indonesia1 Indonesia2 Indonesia3 Jamaica: Jamaica ... summary information on social assistance interventions in developing countries There are two ways in which users can search for information on specific programmes: • the INDEX OF PROGRAMMES lists interventions ... questions remain over whether similar programmes can work in other environments Would cash transfer schemes work in Africa? Would they work in low income countries in Latin America? Low income countries

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... that adjusting for bio-demographic covariates produced an increase of urban inequities in most countries is quite surprising. Similar findings have been reported in other developing countries ... pop- ulation explosion in developing countries and in SSA in particular, is accompanied by increasing urban poverty and malnutrition [2,5]. Newly assembled evidence from developing countries indicates that ... 15 countries NAp d 35.6 5.4 323 -0.7 Sub-Saharan Africa NAp 34.0 4.7 572 -0.8 Developing countries NAp 40.5 3.5 NAv e NAv a Ranking within 48 African countries. Countries are ranked in decreasing...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20

... decline or no change. In sub-Saharan Africa, of the 27 countries with recent data on trends, there has been a decline in the percent marrying before 18 in 24 countries and no change in 3 countries. ... apparent in Figure 5b in that most points that do not fall on the diagonal line (indicating gender equality) fall below the line indicating a higher percent of female students attending secondary ... been no rise in the percent having sex before 18; instead, in the majority of countries the percent having sex before 18 has either remained unchanged (14 countries) or fallen (8 countries) ....

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 10:20