common eye diseases in humans

... fluorescein into the antecubital vein Thedye in the vessels is selectively photographed byusing filters in the camera (Figure 3.14) Indo-cyanine green angiography (ICG) is more useful in assessing ... as afluorescein angiogram, shows up the retinalvessels, including the capillaries, in great detail.The technique involves taking repeated photo-graphs in rapid succession after the injection ofthe ... defects of the eye. Trang 4Examination of the Eye 21aligned against the globe and that there are no ingrowing lashes Early basal cell carcinomas (also known as rodent ulcers) on eyelid skin can easily

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... Children with port wine stainsinvolving the eyelids need full ophthalmologicaland neurological examinations Dermoid Cyst These quite common lumps are seen in or adjacent to the eyebrow They feel ... theypresent in children as a minor cosmeticproblem The cysts are lined by keratinised Figure 5.12 Lid margin papilloma. Figure 5.13 a Large disfiguring haemangioma in infancy b The same lesion, which in ... with the lining of a joint, the eye being considered as an unusual type of ball-and-socket joint The analogy takes on moremeaning when the relation between conjunc-tivitis and some joint diseases

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... resulting pink flush encircling the cornea is called “ciliary injection” and is a warning of corneal or intraocular inflam-mation For clinical purposes, it is useful to divide conjunctivitis into ... and irritation in the eye In 1974, it was shown that the beta-blockingdrug practolol (since withdrawn from themarket) could cause a severe dry eye Trang 2syndrome in rare instances Since thenthere ... fol-lowing are the principal causes Trang 364 Common Eye Diseases and their Managementusually a previous history of headaches and seeing haloes around lights in the evenings The raised intraocular

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... patient in adarkened room, covering one eye, and askinghim or her to indicate, by pointing, the source oflight from a torch positioned at different points in the peripheral field Checking the ... advice if the eye becomes painful,because this can indicate infection, whichrequires immediate treatment to prevent blind-ness Following routine cataract surgery, it isusual to instill antibiotic ... earliest method for dealing with cataract was known as couching This entailed pushing the lens back into the vitreous, where it was allowed to sink back into the fundus of the eye Although this undoubtedly

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... suffering visual loss Before considering the causes and effects of squint in children and adults, it is necessary to know something of the different kinds of squint Squint in Childhood During the ... expense of binocular vision In fact, most, but not all, children learn to suppress when using monocular instruments, switching the other eye on again when the instrument is not being used Prolonged ... toconverge if the blindness occurs in early child-hood Blindness of one eye in an adult tends toresult in a divergent squint This is sometimes auseful indicator of the age of onset of blindness Disease

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... using the operating microscope and the fine suture material available in an eye department (Figure 16.5). An untidy repair can result in a permanently watering eye because of kinking of the eyelid. ... subsequently a similar reaction occurs in the other eye. The inflammation in both eyes can be so severe as to cause blindness. The condition does, however, 132 Common Eye Diseases and their Management ... after a contusion injury. Blunt injuries to the eye can cause bleeding into the optic nerve sheath or tearing of the tiny pial blood vessels that supply the nerve, both result- ing in complete, irreversible

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... field remains unaffected and the patient can walk around quite normally Difficulty in recog-nising faces or in seeing bus numbers is also a common complaint The wet form occurs more commonly in Caucasians ... results when measured in the samechild, perhaps because the Stycar test involvesseeing a single letter rather than a line How to Examine a Child’s Eye The general examination of the eye has beenconsidered ... The roving eye movements are described aspendular, the eyes tending to swing from side toside Examination of the eyes reveals one of thevarious underlying causes: congenital cataract,albinism,

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... to driving, if it cannot be corrected by prisms in the glasses or the wearing of an eye patch Colour Blindness This is not blindness in any sense of the word and indeed some colour-blind individuals ... following circumstances: • when the eye is blind and painful • when the eye contains a malignant tumour • when the eye is nearly blind and sym-pathetic ophthalmitis is a risk following a perforating ... course of intraocular surgery and this is achieved by instilling acetylcholine directly into the anter-ior chamber Strong meiotics run the risk of causing retinal detachment in susceptible indiv-iduals

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... chorioretinalatrophy is present at the disc margin in myopesand can give rise to difficulty in deciding wherethe true disc margin is Vessel Entry In general, a central retinal artery and veindivide into ... Findings Optic or Retrobulbar Neuritis This is an important cause of unilateral sudden loss of vision in a white eye in a young person The patient complains of pain behind the eye on attempting ... (persistence of foetal haemoglobin) can also cause retinopa-thy The abnormal haemoglobins occur either in combination with normal haemoglobins result-ing in AS (sickle-cell trait) or in association with

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:21

... years ([link]) This strain is resistant to many commonly used antibiotics, including methicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, and oxacillin MRSA can cause infections of the skin, but it can also infect ... B.C Infectious diseases remain among the leading causes of death worldwide Emerging diseases are those rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range They can be new or re-emerging diseases ... Trang 1Bacterial Diseases in HumansBởi: OpenStaxCollege Devastating pathogen-borne diseases and plagues, both viral and bacterial in nature, have affected humans since the beginning of human history

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2017, 23:55

... Trang 1in OCT images of the eye fundusKoprowski et al. Koprowski et al BioMedical Engineering OnLine 2013, 12:117 http://www.biomedical-engineering-online.com/content/12/1/117 ... does not affect the obtained results. Trang 6containing only the interesting area of the choroid Figure 2 The image LCHOincludesdescribed in the next sub-section Image processing specific properties ... for ciliary-retinal vessels (observed in minority of patients) originating from the choroid which supply the speckle field and protect against loss of central vi-sion, for example in the case of

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 08:58

... Separating elements in a text - Joining elements in a text - Enclosing elements in a text - Showing omissions in a text 1.Punctuation that separates elements a Period The period, of course, indicates ... a pair of opening and closing marks in either of two styles: single (‗…‘) or double (―…‖) In the first centuries of typesetting, quotations were distinguished merely by indicating the speaker, ... symbols used in writing to help indicate something about the structure of sentences, or to assist readers in knowing when to change the rhythm or the stress of their speaking Depending on the style

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 23:51

... carbamazepine obtained by HPLC-UV A: carbamazepine, B: desipramine, C: maprotiline, D: nortriptyline, E: amoxapine, F: setiptiline, G: mianserin, H: imipramine, I: amitriptyline, J: trimipramine, ... carbamazepine obtained by GC/MS A: amitriptyline, B: mianserin, C: nortriptyline, D: imipramine, E: desipramine, F: promethazine (IS), G: setiptiline, H: carbamazepine, I: maprotiline, J: clomipramine, K: ... also in-cluded in this chapter GC/MS analysis Reagents and their preparation • Amitriptyline, carbamazepine, clomipramine, desipramine, imipramine, maprotiline, mi-anserin, nortriptyline and

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... Since proteins are usually eluted within 5 min, the eluate is not introduced into MS, but drained outside during this period Aft er this time, the valve is switched to introduce clean eluate into ... 100 % solution A for the initial 5 min (the eluate not introduced into MS)i, followed by solution A/acetonitrile (75:25, v/v) to be introduced into MS; fl ow rate: 0.3 mL/min MS conditions: an LCQ ... nitro-group containing drugs, such as nitrazepam, nimetazepam, clonazepam and fl unitrazepam, the nitro group is rapidly metabolized into an amino group (in the 7-position) aft er being absorbed into human

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... hotel In her room, 2 tablets of Vegetamin (a combined drug containing, phenobarbital, promethazine and Trang 11chlorpromazine) and one capsule of Insumin (fl urazepam) were found From the stomach ... female was found dead in her room; she had committed suicide by injecting an alate needle into a vein of the right dorsum pedis for drop infusion of thiopen-tal (its amount infused not clear) Th ... 17] In this chapter, usual methods for analysis of barbiturates by GC and HPLC are presented Incidence of fatal barbiturate poisoning cases Since fatal cases due to Vegetamin ® tablets containing

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... orphenadrine hydrochloride, benactyzine hydrochloride, doxylamine succinate, carbinoxamine maleate, chlorpheniramine maleate, triprolidine hydrochloride, homo-chlorcyclizine dihydrochloride, hydroxyzine ... antihistaminics HPLC analysis of chlorpheniramine and its metabolites in blood and urine [8] Chlorpheniramine is one of the most popular antihistaminics, and has been being used for over 50 years In ... dimenhydrinate is ingested by adults and not more than 500 mg ingested by infants In a fatal case of a victim, who had ingested 5 g dimenhydrinate, Trang 8322 Diphenylmethane antihistaminicssymptoms

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... analgesic-antipyretics are not many in the world, the incidence of poisoning (including survived cases) by this drug group is relatively high among therapeutic drugs in Japan [1]. Analyses of propionic ... dissolved in 20 mL distilled water to prepare “B” solution.  en, a mixture of A/B/acetic acid/distilled water (1:1:4:20, v/v) is prepared. • Ninhydrin reagent: 0.2 g of ninhydrin is dissolved in a ... flurbiprofen 1 (pink) – – – 1 (yellowish brown) 0.1 loxoprofen sodium 5 (pink) – – – 1 (dark gray) 5 3. dichloroindophenol reagent. 4. bromocresol green reagent. 5. Dragendorff reagent. 6. ninhydrin reagent.

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... Errors in verb tense  Errors in verb form 2 Errors in noun endings  Errors in pluralization  Errors in adding morphemes 3 Errors in articles Trang 334 Errors in using words Errors in lexical ... prevailingly is the division of errors into interlingualerrors and intralingual errors Because, two major factors that contributed to thepresence of errors in students’ written work are interlingual ... collecting students’ writing samples by copying their final test, theauthor starts to find out the errors appearing in the tests In this step, the researcherstudied the acquired data and tried to find

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:04

... received an intra-gingival injection of Xylocaine™ solution (contain- ing 2 % lidocaine and a small amount of epinephrine) at a dental clinic; the amount of lido- caine hydrochloride salt administered ... Sinclair... (15 kPa); injection volume: 1 µL 1: IS (ketamine); 2: lidocaine; 3: a changed form of MEGX; 4: procaine; 5: mepivacaine; 6: cocaine; 7: tetracaine; 8: bupivacaine; 9: dibucaine ... de- scribing a poisoning case, in which convulsion appeared a er intravenous administration of bupivacaine; its concentration in arterial blood was 5.4 µg/mL [30]. Dibucaine Dibucaine shows

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... high-pressure in-jectiond method, 50 °C (0.01 min) → 250 °C/(min) → 330 °C (10 min); initial pressure of in-jection: 200 kPa, 1.5 min; injection volume: 10 µL; split ratio: 10; sampling time: 1.9 min; ... measurements in the SIM mode should be made In this method, large-volume injection is being realized by combining a wide-bore cap-illary column and a PTV sample-introducing device, resulting in higher ... p-Phenylenediamine is rapidly absorbed into blood through mucous membranes of the digestive tract aft er its oral intake, and metabolized into quinonediimine, which acts as a cyto-toxin It is acetylated into

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15