cellcapacity with base station transmit power as a parameter

... 5.11 Main system parameters Chip rate Base station maximum transmit power Mobile station maximum transmit power Mobile station minimum transmit power Shadow fading correlation between base stations/sectors ... Increased number of sites leads to increased capacity Per-cell capacity Increased cell loading leads to a proportional increase in capacity Capacity increases as a result of the lower average base ... Propagation Loss (dB) Maximum Allowed propagation loss [dB] Figure 6.1 Relationship between the maximum allowed propagation loss and macro-cell capacity, with base station transmit power as a parameter...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:21

... scaling factor at Relay r When there is no instantaneous CSI available at the relays, but statistical CSI is known, a useful constraint is to ensure that a given average transmitted power is maintained ... transmitted power in the two phases when backward and forward channels have different variances by maximizing the average SNR at the destination Proposition Assume α portion of the total power is transmitted ... Philadelphia, Pa, USA, March 2005 [23] A Bletsas, A Khisti, D P Reed, and A Lippman, A simple cooperative diversity method based on network path selection,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... chattering can be increased or reduced by introducing a cascade phase-lead or phase-lag filter respectively, and disturbance attenuation rate can be adjusted by introducing a cascade lag-lead ... switching and finite amplitude of the oscillations, which is usually referred to as chattering Chattering was the subject of analysis of a number of publications [1]-[4], [11] and was analyzed as a periodic ... the framework of the subsequent analysis First limit our analysis to the case of the input being a constant value f (t) ≡ f0 Under that assumption each signal has a periodic and a constant term:...

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2015, 09:37

... watch and cigar); and that was in our opinion twice as long as ours, because his watch was going at half-speed Here is the full time-table Stationary watch Stationary Observer Aviator Aviator’s watch ... for assuming Euclidean space disappears Mathematically and conceptually Euclidean and non-Euclidean space are on the same footing; our preference for Euclidean space was based on measures, and ... to apparatus at rest on the earth; and the mathematician starts with the words “Choose unaccelerated rectangular axes Ox, Oy, Oz, ” and assumes that the measuring-scales are at rest relatively...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20

... into a catalytic step with rate constant k3 BH4 and heme are closely associated within the oxygenase domain [35], and thermodynamically favorable electron transfer between them should be rapid ... simulations because the simulations are insensitive to some rates as long as they are fast, and because parameters (other than the rates of heme reduction) can often be be adjusted by a factor of two ... Physiological implications Fig Three-electron model for NO catalytic cycle (A) Rapid reaction segments are labeled A H instead of labeling by characteristic states All states are assumed to be saturated...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... Typical asteroid mass Total mass of Earth’s oceans Mass of the Moon Mass of the Earth Mass of Jupiter Mass of the Sun Maximum mass for a white dwarf star Maximum mass for a neutron star Rough mass ... to the allowed mass for a Sumo wrestler Car Tyrannosaurus Rex Typical comet mass Typical mountain mass Superterranean biomass of Earth (ocean organisms are included) Total mass of Earth’s atmosphere ... to attack Uranus All were too afraid except, the youngest Titan, Cronus Gaea and Cronus set up an ambush of Uranus as he lay with Gaea at night Cronus grabbed his father and castrated him, with...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:35

... depicted with vast astronomical metaphors The Buddha ¯ explains that he appears to live a limited life and pass away into nirvana only _ visions of awakening space and time as a skillful means for ... skillful ¯ ¯ means (upaya in Sanskrit), the Buddha womb (Tathagata garbha in Sanskrit), and enactment or performance praxis, together present a useful approach to ¯ ¯ East Asian Mahayana hermeneutics ... warrior strength and courage and with the heroic aspect of dedication to awakening ¯ ¯ As a further parallel, East Asian Mahayana imagery frequently discusses the relationship of teachers and students,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 23:49

... successful contact using his free hand) Performance measures and statistical analysis Automatic Segmentation Data from each trial were automatically segmented Data were annotated to mark occasions where ... an initial training phase, then had two phases of trials in all four feedback configurations (visual, tactile, neither and both), counterbalanced as shown Saunders and Vijayakumar Journal of NeuroEngineering ... Figure 6) As an additional analysis, we compared the grasp score measure for the various feedback conditions in the second phase of trials In trials without visual feedback we found a significant effect...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing M allpass filters Optional x(n) AP AP ··· AP EQ y(n) Figure 2: A spectral delay filter consists of a cascade of all-pass filters (AP) and an optional ... better described as a signal processing, rather than a music, programming language It is based on the abstraction of a signal processor as a mathematical function taking inputs and producing outputs ... for many years to control parameters of an algorithm with a feature measured from the signal Still, it was found useful to give the name “Adaptive DAFx” to this class of methods a few years ago...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... model paper by C-X Wang et al investigates the spatialtemporal correlation characteristics of the Spatial Channel Model in the Third Generation Partnership Project and the Kronecker Based Stochastic ... due to specular reflections from the diffuse multipath components The second group of papers deals with modeling aspects and not directly with measurements As with measurements, the emphasis is to ... wireless channels for MIMO systems A distinction is drawn between two classes: models that bundle the antenna configuration with the propagation and those that just treat the channel propagation independent...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... PAPR analysis and spectral leakage comparison One drawback with DDST in SC transmission is the increased PP and PAPR in the transmitted signal and spectral leakage caused by the non-linear amplifier ... a fair comparison between TDMT training and DDST based transmission, because the channel estimation MSE of basic least-squares channel estimator with DDST is the same as with TDMT, if equal amount ... ˜ normalization block, as shown in Figure We use z as a initial data symbol estimates to generate hard symbol based cyclic mean estimate in the hard symbol based pd estimation and compensation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... Imbalances are assumed on both the transmitter as well as the receiver sides of the link, which is the case also in practice More specifically, as a practical example system, × M Alamouti transmit ... STCOFDM with 256 subcarriers as discussed earlier is again assumed, together with the similar transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances The used subcarrier data modulation is 64QAM, 14 EURASIP Journal ... I/Q balance, are circular (see, e.g., [25]), meaning basically that the I and Q components are uncorrelated and have equal variance For a circular random signal x(t), this also implies that E[x2...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... investigate the adaptive power allocation scheme that achieves the outage capacity lower bound of the channel Outage capacity is the maximum constant-rate that can be achieved with an outage probability ... constraint However, in extreme fading cases, for example, Rayleigh fading, this capacity is zero as the transmitter has to spend a huge amount of power for channel states in deep fade to achieve a ... suffers a significant loss as a result of estimation errors at the receiver Indeed, it can be 2 seen that the outage capacity of D-STBCs with σ1 = σ2 = 0.1 starts to saturate at SNR values as small as...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... bidirectional data communications, a 12-channel system was achieved with oversampled raw data interchange between several FPGAs given the caveat that each data path conveyed no more than 4-channels ... Channel training Channel training Channel training Channel training TX1 Data Data TX2 Data Data TX2 Data Data TX4 Data Data 10 sync words at 16 symbols/word 32 CP + 64 training words + 64 training ... connections A single field-programmable gate array (FPGA) was capable of handling the peak data throughput within each 4-channel block, performing a decimation, and supporting data communications at 3.36...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... PAPR at the ith transmit antenna is defined as the ratio of the peak power to the average power of an OFDM symbol in that branch It can be expressed as PAPRMIMO = max PAPRi , (4) 1≤i≤nt where PAPRi ... original data bits can be recovered at the receiver using syndrome former decoding PAPR for a MIMO-OFDM signal is defined as the maximum of the PAPRs among all parallel transmit antenna branches PAPR ... Ontario, Canada, September 1995 V Tarokh and H Jafarkhani, “On the computation and reduction of the peak-to-average power ratio in multicarrier communications,” IEEE Transactions on Communications,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... space-time processing, channel estimation, and performance analysis He was the coauthor of a best paper award at IEEE VTC’04 Fall in Los Angeles, and at IEEE CCECE’04 in Niagara Falls Paul is a ... paper award at IEEE CCECE’04 in Niagara Falls Michael has been awarded Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Scholarships at the bachelors, masters, and doctoral levels Paul K ... feedback was employed by Schober and Lampe in their MSDD for a system employing both transmit and receive diversity [6] Similar ideas were also employed by Tarasak and Bhargava in a transmit- diversity...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... relationship can be described as a (hidden) Markov chain Several works have appeared in the last years exploiting this idea For instance, G¨ rtz [11], Garciao Frias and Villasenor [12], and Guyader ... also at transmission MIMO techniques have the advantage to provide high data rate wireless services at no extra bandwidth expansion or power consumption Telatar [21] calculated the capacity associated ... simulation parameters are the same as in Figure In particular, note that, again, each channel coef2 ficient has variance σh = 1/2 per complex dimension It is apparent that at the fourth iteration,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... circumstances, a capacity to transcend space; long-range quantum connections can bypass spatial separation Two objects can be far apart in space, but as far as quantum mechanics is concerned, it’s as ... us has ever experienced In the universe as we know it, there are always other material objects, either nearby or, at the very least, far away (such as the distant stars), that can serve as a reference ... conversations with Andreas Albrecht, Michael Bassett, Sean Carrol, Andrea Cross, Rita Greene, Wendy Greene, Susan Greene, Alan Guth, Mark Jackson, Daniel Kabat, Will Kinney, Justin Khoury, Hiranya...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 20:53