c programming tutorial pdf by balaguruswamy free download

... giá trị của pInt là 1776 (địa chỉ của biến var) Vì con trỏ cũng là biến cho nên nó cũng phải có địa chỉ trong bộ nhớ, còn số byte cần thiết cho con trỏ có thể là 2 hoặc 4 byte phụ thuộc hệ điều ... thường, các đối tượng có thể được truy xuất bằng một trong 2 cách: trực tiếp bằng đại diện hoặc gián tiếp bằng con trỏ Các biến con trỏ được định nghĩa trỏ tới các đối tượng có một kiểu dữ liệu cụ ... tĩnh, việc cấp phát vùng nhớ cho các biến này luôn luôn được thực hiện mà không cần biết trong quá trình thực thi chương trình có sử dụng hết vùng nhớ đã được cấp hay không? Mặt khác, các biến

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 08:20

... objects you will need to define classes that describe these objects You can use available classes and functions to do so In addi-tion, you can make use of inheritance to create specialized classes ... and declaration list are not followed by a semicolon but by a function code block. The prototype is the declaration of the function and thus describes only the formal interface of that function ... U N C T I O N SOn call “push” On return “pop” Stack further local objects return address first parameter last parameter • • • • • • Calling function and called function Stack content after calling

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... local copy Thus, only a local copy of the string is changed in the function, but the string in the calling function remains unchanged Exercise 2 // -// circle.cpp // Defines and calls the function ... function that is called manipulates the object passed by the calling function (passing by reference) In the first case, the argument passed to the function cannot be manipulated by the function ... variable occupies the same amount of space, independent of the type of object it references That is, it occupies as much space as is necessary to store an address On a 32-bit computer, such as a PC,

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... the public members of that class An applica-tion program accesses objects by using the public methods of the class and thus activat-ing its capacities Access to object data is rarely direct, that ... class Account // -#ifndef _ACCOUNT_ // Avoid multiple inclusions #define _ACCOUNT_ #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; class Account { string name; // Account ... so-called public interface of the class. The opposite page shows a schematic definition of a class The privatesection gen-erally contains data members and the publicsection contains the access

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... defines an object current of type Account: Example: Account current; // or: class Account Memory is now allocated for the data members of the current object. The current object itself contains the ... Account. // #include "Account.h" // Includes <iostream>, <string> bool getAccount( Account *pAccount); // Prototype int main() { Account current1, current2, *ptr = &current1; ... Uses objects of class Account. // #include "Account.h" int main() { Account current1, current2; current1.init("Cheers, Mary", 1234567, -1200.99); current1.display(); // current1.balance

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... dramatically improve the function’s response 䊐 Declaring Friend Functions A class can grant any function a special permit for direct access to its private members This is achieved by declaring ... “friendly” class automatically become friendfunctions in the class containing the frienddeclaration This technique is useful if a class is used in such close conjunction with another class that ... global function globFunc() and the method elFunc() of class B are declared as friendfunctions of class A This allows them direct access to the private members of class A Since these functions are

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... capacities of class Car Properties and capacities of class Car Properties and capacities of class Car Additional properties and capacities of class PassCar Additional properties and capacities ... objects are constructed and destroyed, and ■ how access control to base classes can be realized. chapter 23 500 ■ CHAPTER 23 INHERITANCE ■ CONCEPT OF INHERITANCE Is relation Car Properties and capacities ... of class Truck PassCar Truck CONCEPT OF INHERITANCE ■ 501 ᮀ Base Classes and Derived Classes Inheritance allows new classes to be constructed on the basis of existing classes. The new derived class

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... exist some special characters, called escape characters. An escape character is symbolized with a backslash \ followed by a regular character(s). For instance, the new-line character is symbolized ... would actually express the character ‘\’ in a string. C++ solves this by making the backslash character an escape character itself; that is, a backslash followed by a backslash. Similarly, because ... quotation mark characters escape characters: ‘\ ' ’, and ‘\"’. Program 6.1 demonstrates how the escape characters can be used. Program 6.1: Escape Characters. #include <iostream>

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:45

... will never be more than one character of pushback Modify getchandungetchaccordingly Exercise 4-9 Our getch and ungetch do not handle a pushed-back EOF correctly Decidewhat their properties ought ... thegetch-ungetchcombination, which must be external so they can be shared, yet which should not be visible to users ofgetchandungetch Static storage is specified by prefixing the normal declaration ... case, the array size is five (four characters plus the terminating'\0'). 4.10 Recursion C functions may be used recursively; that is, a function may call itself either directly orindirectly Consider

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 09:20

... programs dir Is dir LS cd cd cd DOWN and BACK List current directory name cd pwd cd WHERE List a program type cat cat SLiST Copy a program copy cp cp COpy Delete a program... screen editor named ... cases 3 a Define a macro named CIRCUM (r) that determines the circumference... command line must be accepted as string data and converted to numerical values before multiplication.) 548 Chapter ... enter, compile, and execute a C program Communicating with the operating system is always accomplished using a specific set of commands that the operating system recognizes Although each computer

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 09:22

... of l L character-literal: ’c-char-sequence’ L’c-char-sequence’ c-char-sequence: c-char c-char-sequence c-char c-char: any member of the source character set except the single-quote, backslash, ... backslash, or new-line character escape-sequence universal-character-name escape-sequence: simple-escape-sequence octal-escape-sequence hexadecimal-escape-sequence simple-escape-sequence: one of \’ \" ... \v octal-escape-sequence: \ octal-digit \ octal-digit octal-digit \ octal-digit octal-digit octal-digit hexadecimal-escape-sequence: \x hexadecimal-digit hexadecimal-escape-sequence hexadecimal-digit

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21

... public Access not limited protected Access limited to this class and classes derived from this class internal Access limited to this program protected internal Access limited to this program and classes ... implements a computation or action that can be performed by an object or class. Static methods are accessed through the class. Instance methods are accessed through instances of the class. Methods ... static modifier is an instance method. An instance method operates on a specific instance and can access both static and instance members. The instance on which an instance method was invoked can

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... active object class here, but I discuss active objects fully in Chapters 8 and 9. The active object class must be passed a means to access the RMessage associated with the client request, which ... inline CShutdown::CShutdown() : CTimer(-1) {CActiveScheduler::Add(this);} inline void CShutdown::ConstructL() {CTimer::ConstructL();} inline void CShutdown::Start() {After(KShutdownDelay);} void CShutdown::RunL() ... expires CActiveScheduler::Stop(); } The CServer-derived object owns a CShutdown object. As I des- cribed above, the server reference-counts its connected client sessions. The shutdown timer object

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... of your cs file is correct and that the csc executable is included inyour path Also make sure that path of C# Compiler (csc.exe) is correct Aftercompiling your code, the C# compiler creates an ... still can be executed from managedcode using COM+ Using the N/ Direct features of C# and COM+, you can use the Clanguage API With the help of the COM+ run-time and the COM+ Common LanguageSpecification ... anobject All data type and components in C# are objects C++ programmers aresometimes confused when choosing different access operators to process object.With C# you use a dot (.) operator to access

Ngày tải lên: 05/12/2016, 12:45

... Theo qui ước, CGI file có cgi, chúng thực thi C++ Theo mặc định, Apache Web Server định cấu hình để chạy CGI Program /var/www/cgibin Nếu bạn muốn xác định thư mục khác để chạy CGI script bạn, bạn ... thức chuẩn cho ứng dụng (được gọi CGI program CGI script) khả tương tác với Web Server với Client Những CGI program viết Python, PERL, Shell, C C++ … Sơ đồ cấu trúc CGI Dưới sơ đồ cấu trúc đơn ... http://vietjack.com/cplusplus/index.jsp Copyright © vietjack.com Lập trình Web C++ CGI gì?  Common Gateway Interface CGI tập hợp chuẩn mà định nghĩa cách thông tin trao đổi Web Server Custom Script  CGI

Ngày tải lên: 02/12/2017, 13:58

... the city to lead Europe in the introduction of horse-drawn tramcars running much more quickly on steel tracks By the end of the 19th century, electrification of trams provided increasingly efficient ... the 19th century because of the probability of military assault Thus, Paris traditionally had been confined by fortifications against attackers and by barriers erected to enforce the collection ... produced wealth, increasingly shared by more and more persons, which could finance private projects of urban building and improvement Industrialization also sustained a new consumer-oriented economy

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2022, 19:10

... “Creativity is the key to success in the future”, you can use this template as you want, use your creativity and change colors, icons and image according to your brand. 01 Download and install Montserrat ... https://www.freepik.es - https://pixabay.com/es/ there you can find another ones if you want for free And of course, you can changed it for yours Thanks for downloading Someone said: “Creativity ... can do whatever you want, go to impress your audience with an amazing presentation P ECONOMIC You can do whatever you want, go to impress your audience with an amazing presentation E SOCIOCULTURAL

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2022, 19:00

... follow your customs,and I´ll follow mine. – C Napier C/C++ compatibility — silent differences between C and C++ — C code that is not C++ — deprecated features — C++ code that is not C — coping with ... explicit Program-type conversion is necessary, s st ta ti ic c_ _c ca as st t, r re ei nt er rp re et t_ _c ca as st t, c co on ns st t_ _c ca as st t, or a combination of these can do what a C-style ... opt class-name virtual access-specifier opt :: opt nested-name-specifier opt class-name access-specifier virtual opt :: opt nested-name-specifier opt class-name access-specifier: private protected

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:21