bacterial food poisoning is caused by quizlet

... However, rice cultivation is often affected by diseases, among which, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most severe diseases that was first ... cm-diameter Petri dishes, about 4 ± 0.2 mm in depth This medium is for growing bacterial colonies and KB testing Liquid Wakimoto medium (without Agar) was used to culture and collect Xoo bacterial solutions ... plants in his study showed antibacterial effects toward Xanthomonas oryzae Hence, it is important to test and find plants with potential antibacterial abilities Combining the results of this experiment

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2020, 15:57

... Plant diseases caused by different fungal and bacterial pathogens are the major constraints of tomato production (Jones et al., 1991) Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive ... suffer chlorosis, stunting, wilting, and usually die rapidly Bacterial wilt disease is most difficult to control and the effectiveness of present strategies for control of this disease is inadequate ... control however, there is no effective chemical product is available for control of bacterial wilt In vitro and in vivo investigations by some investigators have established the potential antimicrobials

Ngày tải lên: 14/01/2020, 16:19

... server [20] this residue is predicted to form a disulfide bridge with Cys 118 in the cysteine switch motif Therefore, it is unlikely that NtMMP1 is regulated by the cysteine switch mechanism that ... metalloproteinase NtMMP1 is localized in the plasma membrane of tobacco BY-2 cells Our biochemical data indicate that the enzyme is constitutively active, and this is supported by bioinformatic analysis of the ... hypothesis supported by the finding that APMA treatment has no effect on NtMMP1 activity Although it is well established that zymogens are activated stepwise during zymography [22], APMA treatment is

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... Fish Dis 2003;26(10):563–74. [23] Shotts Jr EB, Starliper CB Flavobacterial diseases: Columnaris disease, cold-water disease and bacterial gill disease In: Woo PTK, Bruno DW, editors Fish diseases ... diagnosis Bacterial primary isolation of F branchiophilum is typically not attempted because this bacterium is particularly difficult to culture Bacterial coldwater disease The etiological agent of bacterial ... diagnosis of bacterial gill disease can often be accurately made by expe-rienced workers simply by knowing the previous bacterial gill disease history of the hatchery and observing characteristic

Ngày tải lên: 14/01/2020, 00:17

... Rice crop is susceptible to various bacterial diseases and one such commonly known disease is Bacterial Blight (BB) caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) and is known to ... Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, India *Corresponding author Introduction Bacterial Blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is the oldest known bacterial disease of rice (Oryza ... consisted of BB resistance genes pyramided BC3F3 genotypes (selected on the basis of molecular marker analysis) derived from the cross between BB susceptible HKR-47 (recurrent parent) and BB resistant

Ngày tải lên: 12/03/2020, 21:49

... VARIOUS KINDS OF FOOD POISONING Cases of poisoning by articles of food may be distinguished as: (1) those caused by some injurious constituent in the food itself, and (2) those caused by a peculiar ... of Food Poisoning Various Kinds of Food Poisoning The Articles of FoodMost Commonly Connected with Food Poisoning II SENSITIZATION TO PROTEIN FOODS 9 III POISONOUS PLANTS AND ANIMALS 13 Poisonous ... outbreaks of food poisoning Meat in particular has been implicated so often that the term meat poisoning is used about as commonly as the term food poisoning ingeneral discussions of this subject

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 20:20

... circulating levels of visfatin have been observed in many inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [5–7] Visfatin is secreted by neutrophils ... release of visfatin may be caused either by cell lysis or by cell death [36,37] However, it has been demonstrated in adipocytes and Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) cells that visfatin is actively ... regulates visfatin gene expression at the transcriptional level To determine whether visfatin is a direct PPARc target gene, the human visfatin promoter was examined by bio-informatic analysis Three

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:21

... Parkinson’s diseases [6] In the heart, autophagy may protect against apoptosis activated by ischemic injury [7], and its chronic perturbation is causative in a genetic form of heart disease [8] ... punctae This result was surprising, as the upregulation of autophagy by starvation has been reported in vivo [19], in isolated primary cells [33], and in other cell lines [52] [14,20] This discrepancy ... autophagy) is a highly regulated process by which the cell degrades portions of its cytoplasm and is distinct from chaperone-mediated autophagy and microauto-phagy [1] The autophagic process consists

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 09:20

... a-F1-ATPase mRNA Acknowledgements This work has been supported by grants from the Spanish ministry of science and technology (BMC2001-1525) and from the FIS of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ... The multisubunit enzyme ATP synthase (complex V of the OXPHOS system) is present in the membranes of eubacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts It synthesizes ATP by means of a rotary mechanism coupled ... generated by the electron transport chain [4] The mitochondrial ATP synthase of animals contains 16 subunits and is responsible for the synthesis of the majority of cellular ATP, thereby playing

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... uterus brain testis liver pr ostate lung trac hea mu sc le breast hear t kidne y uterus uterus AR45 S9 A B C AR Fig 2 Analysis of tissue distribution of AR45 by RT-PCR analysis of human RNA First-strand ... which is absent in AR45, has been documented by several studies [40–42] The hormone-dependent interaction between this region and the LBD of the AR is essen-tial for activity Its disruption by introducing ... [1–3] Abnormal splicing is responsible for about 50% of genetic disor-ders [4], including some forms of Parkinson’s Disease, of cystic fibrosis, of polycystic kidney disease and pro-geria [5–8]

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... zeaxanthin is catalysed by violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and the reverse reaction of violaxanthin formation from zeaxanthin is catalysed by another enzyme, zeaxanthin epoxidase VDE has been isolated ... observed D I S C U S S I O N This paper is the first work where VDE has been isolated from a monocotyledonous plant The action and properties of this enzyme are the same as VDE isolated previously from ... native thylakoid membranes is discussed Keywords: xanthophyll cycle; de-epoxidation; liposomes; violaxanthin; zeaxanthin Xanthophyll cycle is a photoprotective mechanism wide-spread in nature

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... serum (C), and DNA isolated from floating and attached cells was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis Total proteins isolated from cells in (B) or from cells in (C) were analyzed by immuno-blotting ... determined by the Trypan blue exclusion assay (B) DNA isolated from VOSO 4 -treated HaCaT floating and attached cells was ana-lyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis (C) Total proteins isolated from ... onco-protein synthesis and⁄ or stability, abrogated repression of c-fos oncoprotein, thereby resulting in gene expres-sion [47] As TGF-b1 is an inducer of epithelial cell apoptosis [48], it is tempting

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... metabolism, PCSK9 is highly expressed in the liver and intestine, two tissues important in cholesterol homeostasis [4] It is also found in circulation [5–7] PCSK9, like its family members, is synthesized ... phosphorylation, this phosphorylation is carried out by a GCK-like kinase [consensus site SXE ⁄ S(p)] Discussion PCSK9 undergoes several post-translational modifications; while in the ER it is glycosylated ... has not been characterized by existing crystal structure studies [15], and although this site is not conserved in the mouse or rat (KASWVQ and KASWVHQ, respectively), it is 100% conserved among

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... primary metabolism [23] All the evidence from this work indicates that the desABCD cluster is expressed as a polycistronic transcript Expression of the four genes is coordinately regulated by iron limitation, ... biosynthesis of desferrioxamine B in S pilosus indica-ted that the first step in the desferrioxamine biosynthe-sis is the decarboxylation of lysine by a lysine decarboxylase encoded by the desA ... pathway in which cadaverine formed by lysine decarboxylation is subsequently hydroxylated to N-hydroxycadaverine by the protein encoded by desB (Fig 1) which is later Fig 5 S coelicolor A3(2)

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... concentrations of UCN-01 in HeLa cells. Trang 10UCN01 is caused by overlapping effects However, thisincrease in Rb expression is lower than that caused by UCN-01, when similar inhibition of PKC was achieved ... mechanisms may explain the increase in the total amount of Rb upon CDK inhibition Rb expression may be enhanced by a negative effect caused by the hyperphosphorylated form, by a positive effect caused ... Sp1 is increased by low concentrations of CDK inhibitors in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) K1 and human cells by a mechanism involving transcriptional activation and, also in the case of Rb, by an

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... [12,28] How-ever, until a detailed kinetic analysis is made we can-not exclude a third hypothesis that the endproduct of proteolysis is stabilized by dimethylsulfoxide in a concentration-dependent ... identified by WO2 west-ern blot analysis (Fig 1C) Further identification of the anti-FLAG-immunoreactive CTFs was made by coelectrophoresis with gamma and epsilon standards Co-electrophoresis obviates ... that two-step purified MC99-3FLAG is an appropriate substrate to study tissue-derived c-secretase activity that is inhibited by a specific c-secretase inhibitor and is detergent con-centration-sensitive

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... the tissues producing it. In response to tissue injury, such as hepatic and renal injury, the inactive single-chain HGF is converted to a two-chain form exclusively in the injured tissue. This ... exclusively in the injured tissue. This conversion is mediated by ser- ine protease activity, which is induced in the injured tissue [28]. The two-chain form is required for the bio- logical activity ... TMPRSS13. Proteolytic activation of pro-HGF by TMPRSS13 Pro-HGF is proteolytically activated by matriptase and hepsin, and the protease activity is inhibited by HAI-1 [9,10,18]. Therefore, we examined...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... investigations that include analysis of pancreatic islet cells. The H-PGDS TG mouse is a novel obesity model with which to investigate the mechanism of adipogene- sis. As is the case for obese people ... et al. (2001) The mechanisms by which both heterozygous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) deficiency and PPARgamma agonist improve insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 276, 41245–41254. 38 ... molecular mecha- nisms underlying adipogenesis may lead to the devel- opment of strategies for reducing the prevalence of obesity. Adipogenesis is a complex process accompanied by various changes...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... followed by Strep-tag II was isolated by BamHI digestion and inserted into the BamHI site of pmGFP–calpain 7. To construct pCMV3xFLAG–IST1 and pGEX–IST1, an IST1 cDNA fragment was amplified by PCR, ... autolysis. Therefore, it is premature to draw conclusions regarding the mechanism of the enhancing effects of IST1 on mGFP–calpain 7–Strep autolysis in vitro. Both mGFP–calpain 7 and IST1 have ... FLAG–IST1 did not enhance the autolysis of mGFP–calpain 7 in cultured cells. On the other hand, overexpression of FLAG– IST1 DMIM1,2 suppressed the autolysis. This observation might be explained by...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... K m values is exclu- sively displayed by the tetramer forms, and low- efficiency kinetics with high K m values is displayed by the dimer forms. These observations strengthen the previous hypothesis that ... K m is the Michaelis constant and K 0.5 is the substrate concentration where v = 0.5 V max . When n = 1, there is no co-operativity, and K 0.5 = K m . Acknowledgements This work was supported by ... behaviour after dilution to 6 lgặmL )1 indicate that dissociation of the tetramer to the dimer is a slowly progressing process. This is supported by the kinetic behaviour of the recombinant enzyme...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 12:20