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... paper) 1 Computers—History 2 Electronic data processing—History I Title.QA76.17 C47 2003 0040.090049—dc21 2002040799 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trang 8This page intentionally left blank Trang 11Preface ... mathematical engines of the 1940s to the networkedinformation appliance of the 1990s, is the subject of this book Trang 17The Computer Revolution and the History of TechnologyIn the early 1980s, when ... Campbell-Kelly, A History of the Software Industry: From Airline Reservations toSonic the Hedgehog1 Paul E Ceruzzi, A History of Modern Computing I Bernard Cohen, Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer

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... Suijdam JC, Metz B (1981) Biotechnol Bioeng 23 :111 10 Fiddi C Trinci APJ (1976) J Gen Microbiol 97 :169 11 Prosser JI, Trinci APJ (1979) J Gen Microbiol 111:153 12 Metz B (1976) From pulp to ... 4.1 Methods 8 4.2 Models 10 4.2.1 Introduction 10 Trang 54.2.1.1 Building Blocks 114.2.1.2 Transport Mechanisms 11 4.2.1.3 Synthesis of the Cell Wall: Chitin 12 4.2.1.4 ... imageanalysis (Sect 4.1.1), growth of single hyphal elements (Sect 4.1.2), micro-electrodes (Sect 4.1.3) and staining (Sect 4.1.4) 4.1.1 Image Analysis Much of the early work on morphology was of a qualitative

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... Norris (1657-1711), a correspondent of the Platonist Henry More, an opponent ofLocke, and a disciple of Malebranche, had himself found an enthusiastic admirer in Arthur Collier (1680-1732), whose ... terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook oronline at www.gutenberg.org Title: History of Modern Philosophy Author: Alfred William Benn Release Date: November 11, 2010 [eBook ... current in the work of the metaphysician who now remains to be considered LEIBNIZ G W Leibniz (1646-1716), son of a professor at the University of Leipzig, is marked by some of the distinguishing

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... of highrank, of whom the following may be especially mentioned: Kummer (1844),Kronecker (1845), Scheffler (1845, 1851, 1880), Bellavitis (1835, 1852), Peacock(1845), and De Morgan (1849) M¨obius ... York, 1896), p 41. Transac-4 Klein, F., The Present State of Mathematics, Mathematical Papers of Chicago Congress (New York, 1896), p 133. Trang 11Article 2THEORY OF NUMBERS. The Theory of Numbers,1a ... by Cramer (1750) and Bezout (1764) The leading steps in thedevelopment are represented by Lagrange (1770-71), Jacobi, Sylvester (1840),Cayley (1848, 1857), Hesse (1843, 1859), Bruno (1859), and

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... APPARATUS 1114 CHAPTER 3 ECONOMICS IN THE ‘TOTALITARIAN’ COUNTRIES 1119 CHAPTER 4 DYNAMICS AND BUSINESS CYCLE RESEARCH 1126 CHAPTER 5 KEYNES AND MODERN MACROECONOMICS 1136 LIST OF BOOKS ... contribution to the history of the analytical phases of our discipline which has ever been made (Viner 1954, pp 894–5) I PUTTING SCHUMPETER AND HISTORIES OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN PERSPECTIVE 1.1 Schumpeter ... Harris’s edited volume, Schumpeter, Social Scientist (Harris, 1951) and again in Haberler (1993) The 1951 volume also contained essays by 16 leading economists, including inter alia Ragnar Frisch,

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 18:20

... Trang 11 The Birth of Political Economy1.1 Opening of the Modern World 1.1.1 The end of the Middle Ages and scholasticism The feudal economy rose from the ashes of the slave economy of the RomanEmpire ... point of view of the birth of political economy, the identification of the interests of one particular social class, the merchant class, with those 34 the birth of political economy Trang 17of the ... eachindividual a priest of himself, which is a form of libertinage Machiavelli’sThe Prince was written in 1513; Luther began preaching against the sale ofindulgences in 1517 The Renaissance also

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... can be expanded to fit the form of Eq 14: 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎬ ⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎧ y x y x F F F F = 1 44 43 42 41 34 33 32 31 24 23 22 21 14 13 12 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎧ 2 2 1 1 y x y x F F F F = 1 44 43 42 41 34 33 32 31 24 23 22 21 14 13 12 11 ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ ⎤ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎣ ⎡ k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪⎪ ⎬ ⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪⎪ ⎨ ⎧ 2 2 1 1 v u v u ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ ... ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎧ 3 3 2 2 1 1 v u v u v u 3 3 3 1 1 0 0 ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎬ ⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎧ y x y x F F F F = 3 44 43 42 41 34 33 32 31 24 23 22 21 14 13 12 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 0.9 m 2 m 2 m 1.2 m 0.9 m 0.7 m 4kN 0.9 m 5kN 1.2 m 1m 1m 1 kN 2 m 2 m 1m 1m 2 kN 2 m 2 m 1m 1m 2 kN 1 kN Trang 10Example 5 Find member forces in bars in the 3rd panel from the left of the truss ... joint is 3 2 3 1 1.0 kN 0.5 kN R x1 4m Trang 3Joint 3.Σ Fy = 0, F2(4/5)+0.83=0, F2= –1.04 kN Σ Fx = 0, –F2(3/5) – F3=0, F3= 0.62 kN Joint 1. Σ Fy = 0, F1(4/5)+0.17=0, F1= –0.21 kN Note that only ... F3 F1 R y1 4 5 F4 F2 R y5 5 R x5 4 10 kN 3@2m=6m 5 6 7 7 8 10 9 4 Trang 6Solution We shall illustrate a special feature of the method of joint.(1) Identify all force unknowns The FBD of the whole

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... Trang 1Problem 2 Solve for the force in the marked members in each truss shown.(2) (3) Problem 2. 4m 4@3m=12m 1 kN 4@3m=12m 1 kN 12 kN 4 @ 4m=16 m 2m 3m c 6@3m=18m 4m 4m 12 kN c 3@3m=9m 4m 4m 15 ... appears in the following form: x y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m 3 x y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m 3 x y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m y 1 2 4m 3m 3 3m 3 1 kN 1 kN 1 kN 1 kN Trang 9⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ ⎤ ... 83 0 17 0 50 0 62 0 04 1 21 0 kN Trang 12Problem 4.(1) The loaded truss shown is different from that in Example 11 only in the externally applied loads Use the force transfer matrix of Eq

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... degree. R=3 R=1 Number of unknowns = 3M+ ΣR =10, Number of equations = 3N+C= 10 Statically determinate. Number of unknowns = 3M+ ΣR =12, Number of equations = 3N+ ΣC= 11 Indeterminate to the 1 st degree. ... R=1 R=3 Number of unknowns 3M+ ΣR =15, Number of equations = 3N+C = 13 Indeterminate to the 2 nd degree. Number of unknowns = 3M+ ΣR =21, Number of equations = 3N+C = 20 Indeterminate to the 1 ... kN 2m 6 kN V V 6 kN 1 kN 6 kN 30 kN-m M 6 kN/m 6 kN/m M 1 kN/m 1 kN/m 15 kN-m 12 kN-m -12 kN-m -15 kN-m Trang 16A statically determinate beam problem.Solution. The presence of an internal hinge

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... Pa/2EI Pa/EI 11Pa 2 /12EI 5Pa 2 /12EI Shear(Rotation)Diagram ( Unit: Pa 2 /EI ) −1 −1/12 5/12 1/6 Moment(Deflection) Diagram ( Unit: Pa 3 /EI ) a/6 −2701/7776=−0.35 −1/3=−0.33 Trang 18Beam and ... Problem 2 Beam Problems. 3 m 5 m 10 kN 3 m 5 m 10 kN 3 m 5 m 3 kN/m 3 m 5 m 3 kN/m 3 m 5 m 10 kN-m 3 m 5 m 10 kN-m 6 m 10 kN-m 6 m 4 m 2 kN/m 5@2m=10m 10 kN 5@2m=10m 2 kN/m 4 m Trang 5Beam and ... Analysis: Force Method, Part I by S T Mau119 Problem 2 Frame problems. 5 m 5 m 10 kN 5 m 5 m 10 kN-m 5 m 5 m 10 kN 5 m 5 m 10 kN-m 5 m 5 m 10 kN 5 m 5 m 10 kN-m Trang 6Beam and Frame Analysis:

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... = EI PL 3 EI 1 ( 3 1 ) (2PL)(2L)(2L) = EI PL 3 b~c EI 2 1 ( 3 1 ) (2PL)(2L)(L) = EI PL 3 EI 2 1 ( 3 1 ) (2PL)(1)(L) = EI PL 3 2 EI 2 1 ( 6 1 ) (2PL)(1)(L) = EI PL 6 2 EI 2 1 ( 2 1 ) (2PL)(2L)(L) ... P/2 P/2 P 1/2 1/2 1 1/2L 1/2L 1 PL/2 1 L 1 P Trang 18Problem 5 Use the unit load method to find displacements indicated.(1) Find the rotation at a and the rotation at d. Problem 5-1. (2) Find ... formulas in the table 1 (∆c) = ∫ m(x) EI dx x M( ) =( EI 1 )[( 3 1 ) ( 2 1 ) ( 4 L )( 2 L ) +( 2 1 ) ( 2 1 ) ( 4 L ) ( 2 L )+( 6 1 ) ( 2 1 ) ( 4 L )( 2 L ) ] ∆c = EI L 2 Example 18 Find the rotation

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... approximate methods described herein will give good P 1 2 3 θ 2’ M1 M1 θ 11 M1 θ 21 M1θ 31 M1 M2θ 21 M2 θ 22 M2 θ 32 M3 M3θ 31 M3 θ 23 M3θ 33 θ 2=0 P Trang 14Beam Deflection Formulas Beam Configuration ... 5wL/8 -5wL/8 9wL2/128 ∆ M V w L 3/8L 3/4L wL2/8 Trang 8Superposition of primary structure solutions.The two compatibility equations are: ∆1 = ∆1’+ R1δ11 + R2δ12 = 0 ∆2 = ∆2’+ R1δ21 + R2δ22 = 0 These ... effectively selecting the end moment, M a, as the redundant force P 5P /16 11P /16 3PL/16 V M 5PL/32 ∆ 11P /16 −5P /16 −3PL/16 Inflection point P Trang 3Primary structure and redundant moment M

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 0 9.06 18.08 27.11 36.11 Temperature, °C ppm 0 14.58 13.70 12.78 11.89 11.00 5 12.79 12.02 11.24 10.49 9.74 10 11.32 10.66 10.01 9.37 8.72 15 10.16 9.67 9.02 8.46 7.92 20 9.19 8.70 8.21 7.77 ... mol Ϫ1 D ϫ 10 5 , cm 2 и s Ϫ1 Anion |z| ␭, S и cm 2 и mol Ϫ1 D ϫ 10 5 , cm 2 и s Ϫ1 H ϩ 1 349.8 9.30 OH Ϫ 1 197.6 5.25 Li ϩ 1 38.7 1.03 F Ϫ 1 55.4 1.47 Na ϩ 1 50.1 1.33 Cl Ϫ 1 76.3 2.03 K ϩ 1 73.5 ... K ϩ 1 73.5 1.95 NO 3 Ϫ 1 71.4 1.90 Ca 2ϩ 2 119.0 0.79 ClO 4 Ϫ 1 67.3 1.79 Cu 2ϩ 2 107.2 0.71 SO 4 2Ϫ 2 160.0 1.06 Zn 2ϩ 2 105.6 0.70 CO 3 2Ϫ 2 138.6 0.92 O 2 —— 2.26 HSO 4 Ϫ 1 50.0 1.33 H 2 O

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20