and jasmonic acid signaling pathways in transgenic plants

... strongly implicating CYP105A1 as responsible for the defects Germination and seedling growth of transgenic and control lines in the presence and absence of 24-epibrassinolide indicated that CYP105A1 ... (encoding ubiquitin) by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in 17 OCP lines, as well as in WT and cSUC2 lines, and those transformed with pART-uidA-BAR (uidA lines) (Figure 2) In Figure 2, the OCP lines ... fewer siliques and individual siliques had fewer seeds, resulting in an overall lower seed yield (Figure 3A, B) To gain insight into why fecundity in OCP lines was compromised, scanning electron...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... to identify genes and processes regulated by interactions between carbon and nitrogen signaling and take a first step in uncovering how carbon- and nitrogen-signaling pathways interact to regulate ... synergistic [10] In plants, there are multiple carbon-responsive signaling pathways [11-13], and progress has been made in uncovering parts of the sugar-sensing mechanisms in plants, including the identification ... nitrogen (CN)-signaling hypothesis in plants <p>Microarray analysis and the 'InterAct class' method were used to study interactions between carbon and nitrogen signaling in <it>Ara-bidopsis</it>.</p>...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... binding sites than HIF binding sites, demonstrating androgen signaling dominance over HIF signaling in the prostate cancer cells studied Interestingly, hypoxia decreased the number of AR binding ... factor and activates downstream signaling pathways associated with deprivation therapy (ADT) inhibits AR signaling by blocking the production of androgens or by inhibiting androgen binding to ... oncogenic AR, hypoxia and HIF1a pathways support prostate cancer development through independent signaling pathways and transcriptomic profiles AR and hypoxia/HIF1a signaling pathways independently promote...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2020, 21:31

... and Notch signaling is involved in establishing and promoting brain metastases from breast cancer, in a process mediated by interleukin 1b in astrocytes (63). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ... study points to the role of αv integrin in promoting brain metastases in cancer cells and may be involved in early steps in the metastatic process, such as adhesion to brain vasculature and motility. ... related to genes involved in cell signaling, invasion and proliferation (110) Recently, miRNA expression has become a topic of interest as it pertains to mediating pathways involved in tumorgenicity...

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2022, 20:29

... signaling pathways reduced arg1 transcription by 50% (Table 1) Because the RTK signaling pathways are overlapping and broad, and inhibitors of some growth factor receptors were not included in ... immunoblotting confirmed the finding of the antibody screening array (Figs 2 and 3) There was no evidence for activation of other growth factor signaling pathways in VL (see Fig S1 and S2) Our finding ... donovanireplication in both in vitro and ex vivo models of infection Inhibition of the downstream signaling molecules JAK and AKTalso reduced the expression of arg1 in infected macrophages STAT6 was activated in...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 10:40

... levels and a subsequent reduction in protein kinase A (PKA) activity Inhibition of PKA activity reduced cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting GH and PRL ... can trigger AMPK signaling and regulate bovine pituitary function AMPK is a heterotrimeric serine/threonine kinase that is involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis and recovery from ... the bovine GH and PRL genes Consequently, BHBA inhibits bovine GH and PRL gene transcription and secretion in DCAPCs The A-protomer of PTX penetrates into the host cells and results in the inactivation...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 11:35

... calmodulin and PtdIns3K In guinea pig neutrophils, it has been demonstrated that inhibition of calmodulin results in inhibition of Rac and p21 activated kinases [50] Involvement of Rac in ROS ... inhibitory signaling pathways normally respon-sible for ERK, PKB and GSK-3a dephosphorylation Analysis of the effect of calmodulin inhibition on signaling pathways induced by chemoattractants in human ... Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) [21,22] CaMKs form a family of serine/threonine kinases activated by binding of Ca2+/calmodulin and includes, CaMKI, CaMKII, CaMKIV, CKLiK and CaMKK Until...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... and retaining unassembled subunit proteins [9,49] and in folding and assembly of immunoglobulin chains in cells that are highly active in terms of recombinant protein produc- tion and secretion. ... IgG- expressing plants. Again this is consistent with the model for BiP in assisting protein folding and increasing throughput of the ER. In mammals, BiP associates with both Ig light and heavy chains ... BiP and calreticulin was examined in transgenic tobacco plants that express immunoglobulin chains, either singly or in combination to form IgG anti- body. BiP mRNA expression was lowest in wild-type nontransformed...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 08:20

... proliferative and survival signaling mechanisms in the cell Therefore we investigated the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt survival signaling and Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK proliferative signaling during ... Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling during RV infection in RK13 cells The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and the MEK inhibitor U0126 were used to investigate PI3K-Akt and Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling respectively during RV ... protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades that are activated in response to growth factors, cytokines and stress stimuli such as viral infection and UV irradiation In common with apoptotic proteins,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... mediated mainly through two tyrosine kinase receptors, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1(Flt-1) and fetal liver kinase-1/ kinase-insert domain receptor (Flk-1/KDR), whose expressions are mainly restricted ... constructs contain-ing different deletion segments of mouse Flk-1 promoter sequence [22], including binding sites for E-Box, Sp1, AP-2 and NF-κB (Fig 5A) As shown in Fig 5B and 5C, dele-tion binding sites ... PI-3K/Akt-NF-κB signaling pathways in hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor-stimulated Flk-1 expression in endothelial cells Address: 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... through the binding of RNA-binding proteins to target mRNAs that prevent their cleavage by endonucle-ases [45] Vigilin, or high density lipoprotein-binding pro-tein, is an ubiquitous protein in vertebrate ... Zr-protein (D), vigilin (E) and 20S proteasome subunit (F) mRNA in primary culture of salmon hepatocytes exposed for 48 h to 5 μM NP and PCB-77 at 0.001, 0.01 and 1 μM, singly and in combination ... Zr-protein (D), vigilin (E) and 20S proteasome subunit (F) mRNA in primary culture of salmon hepatocytes exposed for 48 h to 5 μM NP and PCB-77 at 0.001, 0.01 and 1 μM, singly and in combination...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... rinsed in PBS and incubated in blocking buffer (5% bovine serum albumin, 0.3% Triton X-100, 10% normal goat serum, in PBS) for 1.5 h at ambient temperature Primary antibodies diluted in blocking ... activity is increased followfind-ing activated Ras expression in the mammary gland was unexpected, given that Ras induces widespread hyperplasia in the mammary gland at the time points tested and ultimately ... following short-term Ras induction in the mammary gland Figure 2 A TGFβ signature detects TGFβ pathway activation following short-term Ras induction in the mammary gland (a) Mapping of mammary glands...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... at individual level and among individuals of a population The occurrence and character of SNPs in plants is commencing to obtain significant interest Various reports of sequence diversity in ... (http://www.gabipd.org/database/cgi-bin/ GreenCards.pl.cgi) allow visualisation of annotations and displaying protein domains and gene structure It gives interactive gene maps from potato and barley and protein 2D gels ... two methods i e In-vitro discovery and in-silico discovery for the detection of SNPs In-vitro discovery methods comprises of Non sequencing and sequencing based methods and includes Restriction...

Ngày tải lên: 14/01/2020, 14:02

... silibinin decreases β-catenin and Gsk-β levels; iii) a Trang 5decrease in angiogenesis regulators such as VEGF and iNOS; and iv) targeting of signaling molecules involved in proliferation and ... [75]; and iii) the Wnt/β-catenin/GSK-3β signaling pathway by modulating GSK-3β in HCT-15 cells and inhibiting β-catenin in COLO-320 DM cells [76, 77] Through these main pathways, luteolin was ... i) disrupting the actin cytoskeleton, ii) inducing apoptosis by increasing caspase-3, iii) damaging DNA by increasing ROS levels, iv) arresting the cell cycle in G2, and v) inhibiting COX-2...

Ngày tải lên: 15/01/2020, 02:15

... ex-pression, transgenic Arabidopsis plants harboring GL2 promoter::GUS (GL2p::GUS) [48] were crossed with the transgenic plants overexpressing GmMYB73 (OE-5) plants, and GUS staining was examined in homozygous ... homologues TRY and CPC, and GL2 regulate seed development GmMYB73 increases lipid contents in seeds and leaves of transgenic Arabidopsis and Lotus plants, and in transgenic hairy roots of soybean plants ... GL2p::GUS/GmMYB73 transgenic plants In the GL2p:: root, shoot apex and trichomes of flower buds, leaf and stem (Figure 2c, d) GUS staining was strongly inhibited staining were barely detectable in flower...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2020, 01:32

... mapping to include covariates and cofactors in the QTL analyses Cofactors were ini-tially specified according to peak positions in interval mapping and selected by backwards elimination using ... longisporum-inoculated plants were showing chlor-otic leaves In order to determine the time-course of chlorosis, mock-inoculated and inoculated Ler and Bur plants were assessed every 3-4 days after inoculation in ... leaves, c) difference in number of yellow leaves between inoculated and mock-inoculated plants, 4) days to flowering in mock-inoculated plants Plant replicates = number of individual plants; batch replicates...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2020, 01:37

... medium containing puromycin dihydrochloride and U2OS cell lines) for 2 weeks and subcloned the indi-vidual Puromycin-resistant cells in 6 well plates and ex-panded the cells into puromycin-resistant ... were maintained in DMEM containing 10 % fetal bovine serum, 100U/ml penicillin and 100U/ml streptomycin (Hyclone, Longan, Utah, USA) at 37 °C in 95 % air/5 % CO2incubator. Knockdown of S100A9 in ... and 28 days after injection Mice were killed at 28 days, the xenograft tumors were dissected and embedded in paraffin for HE staining and IHC Proliferation index in xenograft tumor IHC staining...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2020, 09:48

... our understanding of CIP2A in cancer progression Two independent groups individu-ally found CIP2A directly bind to cell-cycle regulators including polo-like kinase (PlK1) and never in mitosis ... the intensity in tumor areas, and the percentage of cells showing significantly higher immunostaining than con-trol cells in normal lung tissues Nuclear and/or cyto-plasmic immunostaining in tumor ... N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways in lung cancer cells To identify proteins involving in CIP2A-mediated cell proliferation, we performed human phospho-kinase array, which include 43 representing...

Ngày tải lên: 22/09/2020, 22:42

... disor-ders, hot flushes, skin and gastrointestinal disorders An overview of AEs is given in Table 4 Discussion In this prematurely terminated, randomized phase II study in postmenopausal women with ... estrogen activity in the tumor even more It should be borne in mind that the results should be seen in this context and that the already weak findings should be interpreted with caution and only for ... participated in this study We would also like thank the investigators and their institutions for treating the patients in accordance with the study protocol and for reporting the data. The full list of investigators...

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 01:05

... identifying perturbed signaling pathways in clinical conditions using formal in biological pathways Results: In this work, we propose a new approach based on the formal modeling of signaling pathways ... builder KEGG signaling pathways consists of proteins/genes (throughout this paper, gene is used instead of protein and means protein-coding gene), small molecules and their interaction which includes ... command for this interaction is expressed as command (1) in Table1 In this command, A and B indicate the variables for modeling genes A and B If A is active, (i.e., it is in states 3 or 4) and...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2020, 13:20