and gene based therapies for parkinson s disease

... neurons as well as the motor deficits induced by MPTP, possibly by suppression of microglial activation in the SNpc Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive motor disorder ... Czlonkowska A, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Czlonkowski A, Peter D, Stefano GB: Immune processes in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease - a potential role for microglia and nitric oxide Med Sci Monit ... ANOVA showed significant differences, pairwise comparisons between means were tested by Bonferroni post hoc testing Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 for all analyses Results Valdecoxib...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... components Signal intensities were scored using a semiquantitative scale with five steps (–,+),+,++ and +++) Scores were based on several sections ⁄ animal and several animals ⁄ observation and confirmed ... nervous system neurons A recent study analyzed the enteric nervous system in PD and found that both Meissner’s and Auerbach’s plexuses were affected already in early stages of disease and terminal ... Bohl J & TK (2006) Gastric alpha-synuclein immunoreactive inclusions in Meissner’s and Auerbach’s plexuses in cases staged for Parkinson’s disease-related brain pathology Neurosci Lett 396, 67–72...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... demographics *MDS-UPDRS Mean and standard deviation (SD) of UPDRS scores excludes patients who performed the MDS-UPDRS version MDS = Movement Disorders Society UPDRS = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating ... (2009). 16 Johnsen, E L., Mogensen, P H., Sunde, N A & Østergaard, K Improved asymmetry of gait in Parkinson’s disease with DBS: gait and postural instability in Parkinson’s disease treated ... figure shows only 8 recording sites, because it depicts the results for the 9 patients implanted in the Right STN, and for one of these subjects this recording site did not yield any responsive...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2023, 15:45

... development and severity of diseases based on inflammatory processes including atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke, neurodegenerative diseases of aging, and certain cancers The first report of ... flesh, including essential fatty acids from seeds and seed oils, and fibers, such as microcrystalline cellulose, pectins, lignins, cutin-like polymers, and condensed tannins, have been suggested ... gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, dizziness or confusion, fatigue, dry mouth, restlessness, headache, allergic skin reactions, sexual dysfunction, frequent urination, swelling, and...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... backgrounds, the genomic locus of insertion for gene disruption, transgenic expression levels and nutrient conditions are responsible for the divergent results These issues need to be resolved in ... rigorous examination of the models for pathological process This minire-view summarizes previous studies of genes for ROCO and LRRK2 homo-logs in slime mold, nematode worms and fruit flies It also ... pathogenesis This mini-review will examine the previous studies of genes for ROCO or LRRK2 homologs in slime mold Dictyoste-lium discoideum, nematode worms Caenorhabditis ele-gans and fruit flies Drosophila...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... 399 Parkinson’s Disease Society Carers’ assessment (FS46) London: Parkinson’s Disease Society, 2003 Ref ID: 19945 400 Buchanan S,Willis E Carers’ guide London: Parkinson’s Disease Society, 2004 ... disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease Neurology 2004; 63(8 (Suppl 3)):S35–S38 Ref ID: 19898 323 Chaudhuri KR, Forbes A, Grosset DG et al Diagnosing restless legs ... Geriatrics Society continued vii Parkinson’s disease Name Robert Meadowcroft (GDG member) Director of Policy, Parkinson’s Disease Society Campaigns and Information Parkinson’s Disease Society...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 13:20

... mouse model of Parkinson’s disease In rat LPS model, proGDNF is expressed in nigral neu-rons and glia [43] One may propose that proGDNF may be involved into pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and ... in vivo using the mouse MPTP model of Parkinson’s disease Histological studies of changes in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area Analysis of sections prepared from animals sacrificed ... time since the cell administration The intensity of the bands were measured using ImageJ [31] Statistical analysis Data are presented as mean ± SEM The statistical analy-sis was performed using...

Ngày tải lên: 24/11/2022, 17:51

... homeostasis is an accepted mechanism in the pathogene-sis of Parkinson’s disease a-Synuclein overexpression and impaired dis-posal contribute to this mechanism However, biochemical alterations associated ... genetic factors variously associated with PD, such as a-synuclein mutations and Keywords dopamine; network enrichment; NF-jB; Parkinson’s disease; SH-SY5Y; a-synuclein Correspondence M Fasano, Department ... represent a valuable starting-point for focused inves-tigations aiming to better understand the key issues of PD pathogenesis Materials and methods Cells Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were cultured...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... Parkinson’s disease: Control section of. .. Figure 15 Parkinson’s disease: 6-[18F]-fluorodopa–PET scans of control (upper) vs patient (lower) Figure 16 Parkinson’s disease: Synthesis and ... disease: Micrographia Figure 9 Parkinson’s disease: Facial appearance Figure 10 Posture in early Parkinson’s disease ©2004 CRC Press LLC Figure 11 Posture in later-stage Parkinson’s disease ... Huntington’s disease The reported prevalence rates for this disease from the UK and USA have been 5–9 / 100 000 Although the disease most often appears in subjects in their late 30s and early...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 22:20

... the disease itself This subject is further discussed in chapter 7 Clusters of parkinsonian signs and subgroups of the disease A question now arising is whether PD constitutes one single and clinicallyhomogeneous ... rating scales will meet the needs of all clinicians working with Parkinson’s disease patients. Sergio E Starkstein was Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University, and is now ... hallucinations, delusions and sleep disorders Speci Wc cognitive deWcits are also discussed, and the mechanisms for these disorders explored In addition, the book addresses the psychiatric and cognitive side-eVects...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 22:21

... performance tests The PT (MHN) assessed the patient with clinical perform-ance tests, and the same PT assessed all patients in all test situations The tests were out of practical reasons per-formed ... Zwinderman AH: Prospective assessment of falls in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurology 2001, 248:950-958. 3. Gray P, Hildebrand K: Fall risk factors in Parkinson's disease J Neurosci Nurs 2000, 32:222-228. ... Access Research The effects of high frequency subthalamic stimulation on balance performance and fear of falling in patients with Parkinson's disease Maria H Nilsson*1,2, Per-Anders Fransson3,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... Access Research Gait dynamics in mouse models of Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease Address: 1 Division of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, ... used for image analyses The treadmill belt was wiped clean between studies if necessary Statistics Data are presented as means ± SE ANOVA was used to test for statistical differences among saline-treated, ... between SOD1 G93A and wild-type control mice at age ~8 weeks, ~10 weeks, ~12 weeks, and ~13 weeks Discussion Gait disturbances are characteristic of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... social sciences It is essential to promote the understanding of this formidable disease and to share new findings among researchers in the field Clinical and basic research of Alzheimer s disease ... in presenilins (PSs) and bAPP genes [6] It has been proposed that PS, as functions of these genes, are proteolytic enzymes (␥-secretases) and ␤APP is thought to be one of their substrates [7], ... drebrin, that also shows severe loss in AD Fish Oil and n–3 Fatty Acids As discussed above, DHA is enriched in synapses and DHA is reduced in diets associated with AD risk DHA levels in AD brain are...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 17:20

... membranes To complement our MC99-3FLAG based in vitro c-secretase assays, an in vitro assay using COS7SPC99-3FLAG CHAPSO extracts was developed The substrate in this assay is synthesized, processed, ... overexpress the c-secretase complex components These assays are used to test the effects of detergent concentration, solvents and metals on the c-secretase cleavage of APP substrates These studies show ... of c-secretase activity Lastly, zinc causes structural changes in a c-secretase substrate and acts as an inhibitor of csecretase cleavage of APP Results Design of a novel APP c-secretase substrate...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... lymph nodes and thus a suppression of the immune response (Schwab & Cyster, 2007) Sphingosine-Kinases Phosphorylation of sphingosine by the sphingosine-kinases (SphK1 and SphK2) generates S1 P (Kohama ... of sphingolipidoses were described so far, like Gaucher s disease as the most frequent one, Niemann Pick A or B (NPA, NPB), Sandhoff disease, Tay Sachs disease and many others In Gaucher s disease, ... rt-PCR reverse-transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction S1 P Sphingosine-1-Phosphate S1 PL S1 P-lyase S1 PR - S1 P Receptor - sAPP soluble APP SDS Sodiumdodecylsulfate SDS-PAGE Sodiumdodecylsulfate Polyacrylamide...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2015, 15:23

... microtubule-associated protein that normally serves to assemble and stabilize microtubules Genetics and risk factors implicated in Alzheimer s disease pathogenesis Familial forms of AD, with an autosomal ... and cortical vessels with few diffuse plaques, severe loss of SMCs, weakening of vessel walls leading to hemorrhage and perivascular microgliosis and astrocytosis The Dutch and Iowa mutations ... assemblies of Ab trigger aggregation of tau and the formation of NFTs, but also inflammation and oxidative stress, by rather unclear mechanisms These downstream processes give rise to progressive...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... of synthetic peptides, a bacterial expression system allows isotope labeling, which is essential for high-resolution structural analysis of Ab using NMR spectroscopy and allows use of high specific ... gels (A,C) and 1% agarose gels (B,D), and proteins were visualized by Coomassie stain Lanes HS and LS are molecular mass standards, with the molecular mass in kDa given on the left (E) 1% agarose ... Analysis Center, University of Uppsala, Sweden Sequence analysis was performed using an Applied Biosystems Procise 492 cLC sequenator (Applied Biosystems, Framingham, MA, USA) employing standard...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... fluorescence We show the application of this assay to the testing of c-secretase inhibitors and PS1 mutants This assay allows for the first time the selection of cell populations and single cells ... Francisco, CA, USA) Results Assay design This novel c-secretase assay involves cotransfection of a substrate-activator and a reporter gene into mammalian cells, as outlined in Fig 1A The substrate-activator ... COS-7 and CHO cells resulted in the expression of GFP positive cells Figure 1B shows phase (panels and 3) and fluorescence microscopy (panels and 4) of COS-7 cells transfected with both constructs...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... ¨ was used as horseradish peroxidase substrate and the reaction was stopped with m H2SO4 Wells were washed three times between each step after blocking the plates and antibodies and samples were ... models and human disease, it is still interesting and important to reflect upon these observations and to try to provide explanations A comparison between APP transgenic models and the human disease ... aberrations in synapse composition, shape, and density provide a molecular basis for loss of connectivity in Alzheimer s disease J Neurosci 27, 796–807 Cleary JP, Walsh DM, Hofmeister JJ, Shankar...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... residues and 15 also show a signal intensity decrease, but not as prominent as for the others Crosspeaks for residues 1, 6, 13 and 14 are not visible even with no copper added As well as the selective ... His13, His14 and Asp1 as ligands The binding seems to be specific and affects mainly the ligands and the neighboring residues The detected residue-specific signal loss upon metal binding arises from ... respectively, show significant signal intensity losses All three histidines are affected In (A), it is shown that H6 and H13 show some induced shift but H14 only exhibits signal intensity loss for...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20