analog data to digital signal ppt

... bookboon.comIntroduction to Digital Signal and System Analysis 11 Digital Signals and Sampling 1.3 Analogue-to-digital conversion Although some signals are originally digital, such as population data, number ... Figure 1.2 An analogue signal x(t) and digital signal x[n] he upper is the analogue signal and the lower is the digital signal sampled at t = nT 1.4 Sampling theorem For ease of storage or digital ... in an analogue-to-digital converter 13 2 Basic Types of Digital Signals 16 2.1 hree basic signals 16 2.2 Other basic signals 18 2.3 Signal shiting, lipping and scaling 20 2.4 Periodic signals

Ngày tải lên: 28/11/2017, 10:27

... Trang 1CS 450: Introduction to Digital  Signal and Image Processing Image Arithmetic Trang 2Image-Image Operations: C[x, y] f (A[x, y], B[x, y]) Trang 3Used to create double-exposures C[x, ... same scene More useful to use absolute difference C[x, y] A[x, y] B[x, y] C[x, y] A[x, y] B[x,y] Trang 5“What’s changed?” (absolute difference) Trang 6Use differencing to identify motion in an ... transparency, compositing, etc Color images are often stored as RGB or RGBA Trang 10Average multiple images (frames) of the same scene together Useful for removing noise

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 07:09

... transmission, reproduction G Easier to manipulate » Analog signals manipulated by circuits » Digital signals manipulated by computer Trang 5Why Now?G Memory is cheap G Disk storage is plentiful G Bandwidth ... 3Why Signals?G Communications » Modems/Networks/Wireless » Audio G Images » Restoration/Cleanup » Enhancement » Storage/Retrieval/Searching » Manipulation Trang 4Why Digital?G Perfect storage, ... Trang 1CS 450: Introduction to Digital Signal and Image Processing Introduction and Applications Trang 2What are Signals?G Signal: a function carrying information G Examples:

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 09:51

... 1.2 An analogue signal x(t) and digital signal x[n] The upper is the analogue signal and the lower is the digital signal sampled at t = nT 1.4 Sampling theorem For ease of storage or digital ... corresponding analogue system which gives a wrong impression that digital signal is poor in accuracy, although many digital signals come from taking samples out of analogue signals The digital signal ... field of signal processing, a signal is defined as a quantity which carries information An analogue signal is a signal represented by a continuous varying quantity A digital signal is a signal

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2021, 06:16

... the digital signal processing system, the analogue-to-digital converter (ADC), digital processor and the digital-to-analogue converter (DAC), is shown in Fig 1.3 However, this sub-unit needs 'topping ... Digital signal processing systems sample the input signal and convert the samples to equivalent digital values These values are processed and the resulting digital outputs converted back to analogue ... processed data could be stored, perhaps on a chip or CD-ROM, and then read when required Trang 171.4 The complete DSP system 3 Digital input Current Analogue-, ~, Digital I CI input to-digital

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2021, 12:23

... analytic measures of distortion, such as signal-to-noise ratio, perceptual coders attempt to minimize perceived distortion Implicit in this approach is the idea that signal fidelity perceived ... filterbank is necessary to adapt to the changes in the statistics of the signal Using a high frequency resolution filterbank to encode a signal segment with a sharp attack leads to significant coding ... the signal or attempt to understand the producer, perceptual coders model the listener, and attempt to remove irrelevant (undetectable) parts of the signal In some sense, one could refer to it

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... order to more efficiently transmit or store high-quality audio signals, it is often desirable to reducethe amount of information required to represent them In the case of digital audio signals, ... Trang 1Davidson, G.A “Digital Audio Coding: Dolby AC-3”Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed Vijay K Madisetti and Douglas B Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 Trang 241 Digital Audio Coding: ... reduce the amount of digital information (bit-rate) requiredfor conveyance of an audio signal while rendering differences between the original and decodedsignals inaudible Digital audio compression

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... K “Auditory Psychophysics for Coding Applications”Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed Vijay K Madisetti and Douglas B Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 Trang 2Hall, J.L “Auditory Psychophysics ... more difficult to satisfy This is the need to be able to determinewhich of two coded samples, each of which has audible coding noise, is preferable While a satisfactorymodel for the signal-dependent ... difference (JND), is theamount by which some attribute of a signal has to change in order for the observer to be able todetect the change A tone burst, for example, can be specified in terms of frequency,

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... J “Software Tools for Speech Research and Development”Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed Vijay K Madisetti and Douglas B Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 Trang 2Software Tools for Speech ... correspond to files, are typically represented as variables in some kind of virtual space Various commands are available to process or display the signals Such a workspace is often analogous to a personal ... N!Power from Signal Technology, Inc.). Compared to compiler languages, interpreter languages tend to be simpler and easier to learn Furthermore, it is usually easier and faster to write and test

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20

... Audio Signals In digital audio, the memory required to record a signal, the bandwidth required for signal transmission and the signal–to–quantisation–noise ratio are all directly proportional to ... transformation is to convert the signal into a form where it lends itself to a more convenient and useful interpretation and manipulation In Figure 1.11 the input signal is transformed to the frequency ... bits to different frequencies is made to vary with the time variations of the power spectrum of the signal 1.3.6 Detection of Signals in Noise In the detection of signals in noise, the aim is to

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20

... indirection operator * is used whenever the data stored at the address pointed to by a pointer (indirect addressing) is required The address operator & is used to set the pointer to the desired ... pro-grams allow us to see values stored in variables at different points in a program and to step through the program line by line The purpose of DSP programming is to manipulate digital signals for ... statement is used to assign a value to an identifier The most basic assignment operator in C is the single equal sign, =, where the value to the right of the equal sign is assigned to the variable

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 19:20

... first laboratory assignment several students came to my office and asked questions that were very similar Thus, this addendum to Chapter 1 was written When a program is assigned to you the first ... still help you to understand the problem Once you understood the problem, figure out all the functions and variables needed to write the program Make a structure chart and show the data flow Next, ... as follows, save it to the appropriate subdirectory If you are using the campus computer, save to c:\temp\yourfilename.cpp Replace yourfilename with whatever name you want to call it Compile the

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 08:20

... instructions store either a cated (SAC) or rounded (SAC.R) version of the contents trun-of the target accumulator to data memory via the X bus(subject to data saturation, see Section 2.4.2.4 “Data Space ... greater than 0x007FFF, data written to memory is forced to the maximum positive 1.15 value, 0x7FFF For input data less than 0xFF8000, data written to memory is forced to the maximum negative ... 16 PORTC PORTF 16 16 16 Loop Control Logic Data Latch Data Latch Y Data (1 Kbyte) RAM X Data (1 Kbyte)RAMAddress Latch Address Latch Control Signals to Various Blocks EMUC2/OC1/RD0 EMUD2/OC2/RD1

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:20

... Saccharomyces Genome Databaseand the Stanford Microarray Database For example, curators must seethat the data are standardized, but not too standardized If computers are to be able to search a database and ... database.” Curators must also be involved in the design of databases, each ofwhich is customized to its purpose and to the type of data; they areresponsible for making a database accessible to the researchers ... CONVERTING DATA TO KNOWLEDGEall of which need to be stored, catalogued, and integrated if they are to be of general use Some of the data come from the imaging techniques that help scientists peer into

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 13:20

... chapters devoted to the digital manipulation of music signals Digitally generated reverb was one of the first application areas of digital signal processing to high quality audio signals Bill Gardner ... the data which are irrelevant to the auditory system, i.e to the ear The signal is coded in a way which minimizes noise audibility This can lead to increased noise as measured by Signal-to-Noise-Ratio ... non-linear distortions Linear distortions ofthe input signal are less objectionable than non-linear distortions 3 Auditory scene analysis, in which decisions are made as to which parts of an auditory

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

... as to transition reports for a change in fiscal year The new rules are intended not only to make financial information easier for investors to analyze, but also to assist in automating regulatory ... from interactive data, meeting with various investor focused data service providers to understand the ways in which interactive data could improve their ability to serve investors, and, at the ... 16 As noted above, software also is able to process interactive data so as to automate and, as a result, facilitate access to and analysis of tagged data In addition, we are aware of other applications

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... method, it is of great interest to compute the variance bounds on the estimation errors and to compare them to the lowest bounds corresponding to the optimal estimator For time-invariant statistical ... the phase distortions and by the transmitted signal The state equation of the phase distortions is directly defined by (4) Consequently, only the state equation of the multicarrier signal is derived ... already used in literature to approximate the OFDM signal as a circularly Gaussian random vector, especially for the derivation of analytical expression of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR)

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... · ·1/m6} The output vector x in (10) is defined as x=x0(t) · · · x6(t)T From (10), x is given by For (B.10) to be equal to (B.9), the matrices C and D have to be equal to C=I 7×7 0 7×7 , D=0 ... are subjected to dif-ferent propagation degradations Among them, vegetation movement due to wind can both attenuate and cause a guarantee a clear line-of-sight (LOS) to wireless customers as vegetation ... order, coding rate, etc.) to the current channel conditions In order to design, optimize, and test FMT, data collected from propagation measurements are needed However, such data may not be available

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... movements Signals that are collected from the vocal cord are then transmitted through a wireless device to a data-processing unit to be converted either into synthesized speech or a menu selection to ... secs 2 Perform DSA to updateL n (a) Comparators x t C C C C  Low-rate A/D Perform DSA to updateL n μ (b) Figure 3: Two methods of tracking input to implement DSA (a) All comparators are turned ... difference: the CSA uses analog input in its compu-tation of update weights, and the DSA uses signal already converted into digital form Although hardware implemen-tation of the analog algorithm requires

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... modulator (see Figures2and 3) [9,10] The discrete time integrator, quantizer, and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in Figure 3 can be represented by the integrating amplifier, comparator, and ... the discrete time integrator, quantizer, and feedback path utilizing a digital-to-analog converter The output datay[n] is subsequently lowpass filtered and decimated by a digital postprocessor. ... connected to many other neurons To continue the analogy, an output pulse corresponds to a bi-nary “one.” Although the amount of information that a sin-gle neuron can transmit is limited to a sinsin-gle

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20