an elt based approach to corpus annotation

... experience and deep knowledge of storage management to help customers create more efficient storage management operations Prior to EMC, Joel held technology management and consultant positions ... critical success factor and should be defined according to your role: storage managers, for example, will likely want to monitor more frequently, perhaps to publish a quarterly or annual report for ... peaks and lows? This information will help you quantify any costs avoidance and savings so you can demonstrate what you brought back into the business You will now have more time -based data to evaluate...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 22:15

... word format and some POS -based ones on the same training set and test set Overall, HMMpath-I can achieve high accuracy by about 10% Conclusions/Discussions We described an approach to automatic prosodic ... experimental results, we can conclude that word -based prediction is an effective approach and has advantages over the POS -based ones It confirms that the syllable number of a word has substantial impact ... phrasing for Mandarin TTS synthesis based on word format and HMM and its variants We also evaluated these methods through experiments and demonstrated promising results According to the experimental...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... Success rate and F analogs for human performance were therefore computed as follows, using the figures displayed in table Coder Total Topic Non-topic Coder Topic Non-topic 88 27 23 311 111 338 Total ... intersubjectivity of the topic expression annotation was tested in two ways First, all the topic expression annotations of the two coders were compared This showed that topic expressions can be annotated reasonably ... made to adapt centering to dialog (Byron and Stent, 1998), and, importantly, work has also been done on adapting the centering model to other, freer word order languages such as German (Strube and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... Geoffrey Towell, and Ellen Voorhees 1993 Corpus -based statistical sense resolution In Proceedings of the ARPA Human Acknowledgements We would like to thank: Dr Paul Wu for sharing the Brown Corpus and ... Stanfill and David Waltz 1986 Toward memorybased reasoning Communications of the ACM, 29(12):1213-1228 Yorick Wilks, Dan Fass, Cheng-Ming Guo, James E McDonald, Tony Plate, and Brian M Slator ... future work, we plan to incorporate more syntactic relations including subject-verb, and adjectiveheadnoun relations We also plan to use verbobject and subject-verb relations to disambiguate verb...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:21

... 3% and so cannot be expected to produce perfectly annotated text However, when we tag the text with P T B tags and use the mapping to translate these taggings to C5 annotations we have no way to ... access to a part of speech tagger which assigns C5 tags T h a t is, we cannot annotate a text with C5 tags, use our mapping to translate these to P T B tags and compare against the manual annotations ... from the corpus Instead of tagging the unannotated text we use the existing C5 tags and translate those to P T B tags Each approach to producing gold standard data has problems and advantages...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... ………………………………………………14 1.2.4 Disadvantages of Project -based Learning ………………………………………… 15 1.2.5 Process of Project -based Work …………………………………………………… 16 1.2.6 Project -based Approach and Other Approaches to Writing ……………………… ... The importance of writing ………………………………………………………… 1.1.3 Approaches to teaching writing …………………………………………………… 1.1.3.1 The product approach …………………………………………………………7 1.1.3.2 The process approach ………………………………………………………….8 ... Project -based learning ……………………………………………………………………12 1.2.1 Definitions of project -based learning …………………………………………….…12 1.2.2 Types of projects………… .13 1.2.3 Advantages of project-based...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 10:18

... specific topic areas The topics chosen can be several unrelated topics or one major topic Language instructors are responsible for language and content instruction (Brinton et al., 1989) The theme -based ... schools, language institutions, and all other language programs It is suitable for low to advanced learners 1.2.2.2 Sheltered Model Sheltered instruction is an approach to using second language ... exposure to language and multiple opportunities to use the language Second, it is of great importance for a college English teacher to have a clear conception of the CBI design and then to be able to...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2015, 14:31

... To present, illustrate and analyze the strength and weakness of some algorithms using hash -based approach - To build up a system to manage a small soft, find interesting rules related to customer ... expanded by a lot of scientists: “Hashbased approach to discover association rules”, it is said to be a good method to implement over different types of data in variant size 10 Hash -Based Approach ... a big Ck, this’ll lead us to have to many works to scan and count data Cause of, at these passes, size of itemsets is small, and it’s contained in many different transactions In some published...

Ngày tải lên: 15/04/2013, 21:33

... services can be designed to access and manipulate any data store Module 3: Services -Based Approach to Solution Design Examples of Services Slide Objective To further explain services by using an example ... Services -Based Approach Module 3: A Services -Based Approach to Solution Design Activity 3.1:Identifying Services Value of a Servicesbased Approach Module 3: Services -Based Approach to Solution ... designing solutions 58 Module 3: Services -Based Approach to Solution Design ! Services -Based Approach Slide Objective To provide an overview of the services -based approach Lead-in In this section, you...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2013, 13:15

... students understand this concept Instructor Notes Module 3: Services -Based Approach to Solution Design Module Strategy Use the following strategy to present this module: ! Services -Based Approach In ... services -based or multiple layer approach to design, may feel that breaking the application into multiple service layers is a waste of time Be prepared with examples showing the value to an organization ... tiers You might want to develop a simple example involving an application running entirely on one computer to emphasize this point Note This course uses the term “layer” to refer to the logical...

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 09:20

... of English tokens and 320 millions of Japanese tokens We use Giza++ (Och and Ney, 2003) to generate the word alignment for the parallel corpus both English -to- Japanese and Japanese -to- English ... distortion features We evaluated our approach on large-scale Japanese-English and English-Japanese machine translation tasks, and experimental results show that our approach can bring significant ... significantly improves the performance for both English -to- Japanese and Japanese -to- English experiments over the BTG baseline system It also out-performs the manual rule set on English-toJapanese...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... structures are combined to three by merging (b) and (c) to (a), (e) and (f) to (d), (h) and (i) to (g) Separated Total 939 9299 79989 111701 : 85.1853 : 12.01 Table Imbalance Training Class Problem ... Aone and Anthony Richardella 2003 Kernel Methods for Relation Extraction Journal of Machine Learning Research 3:1083-1106 Min Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jian Su and Guodong Zhou 2006 A Composite Kernel to ... correct and at the same time its two arguments (ARG-1 and ARG-2) must be of the correct entity types/subtypes and of the correct order One way to improve the previous feature -based classification approach...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... also to the German NEGRA and the Chinese CTB (Zollmann and Sima 'an 2005 propose a different consistent estimator for DOP, which we cannot go into here) UML-DOP Analogous to U-DOP, UML-DOP is an ... frequency estimator corresponds to maximum likelihood (Chi and Geman 1998), and which we shall refer to as "ML-PCFG" To this end, we used a random 90%/10% division of WSJ40 into a training set and a test ... Proceedings IWPT 2005, Vancouver 872 van Zaanen, M 2000 ABL: Alignment -Based Learning Proceedings COLING 2000, Saarbrücken Zollmann, A and K Sima 'an 2005 A consistent and efficient estimator for data-oriented...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... from relationships between spans of text appearing in the parent and child messages This feature is meant to indicate how semantically related a span of text is to the spans of text in the parent ... The automaton is set to initial state (q0) at the top of a message It makes a transition to state (q1) when it encounters a quoted span of text Once in state (q1), the automaton remains in this ... prompt it makes a transition back to the initial state (q0) The purpose is to indicate places where users are likely to make a comment in reference to something another participant in the conversation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... research is to develop and evaluate coherence metrics on manually annotated corpora For instance, Miltsakaki and Kukich (2000) annotate a corpus of student essays with transition information, and show ... trade-off between robustness and richness of linguistic annotations NLP tools are typically trained on human-authored texts, and may deteriorate in performance when applied to automatically generated ... grant IIS-0448168 and grant IIS-0415865) and EPSRC (Lapata; grant GR/T04540/01) We are grateful to Claire Cardie and Vincent Ng for providing us the results of their system on our data Thanks to...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... representations of human agents as having motives, drives and behavior patterns, many of which are relevant to the way networks are used and thus affect security Given the broad range of existing ontological ... The server translates the information returned by the Sentinels into CycL and adds it to the KB This approach is potentially vulnerable to an attack on the Sentinels themselves, or to spoofing ... integrated into a much larger general ontology and are closely tied to planner rules In the latter sense, the existing work most similar to CycSecure’s fault and vulnerability ontologies is that...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... ⁄ PAGE -based image analysis is performed on two sets of gels and protein spots are matched to the same reference gel within one single analysis Statistical tools are then applied to quantitatively ... into functional groups according to the Human Protein Reference Database (Table 3) [24] Ten proteins could be assigned to the biological process of ‘cell growth and ⁄ or maintenance’ and four to ... in width over entire lane) were used to generate profile scans of each gel lane In each profile scan, vertical peak borders were defined to subdivide the whole gel lane into integrable major peaks...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... most specific category to traverse the ViO ontology from C1 & C2 to find the nearest common ancestor node (C’) Calculate the distance between C1 and C’ (h1), distance C2 and C’ (h2) if h1 > h2 ... provides means to retrieve parent and child categories as well as siblings and all recursively collected descendants REDIRECT PAGE A redirect page typically contains only a reference to an entry ... associated with an anchor text that denotes an ambiguous name or is an alternative name, instead of a canonical name CATEGORY Category objects represent Wikipedia categories and allow access to the articles...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... and HHC and that it is not possible simply to take the human-human interaction results and transpose results for one situation to the other The structuring devices of the human -to- human construction ... that human-human interaction employs a variety of dialogue structuring mechanisms, ranging from meta-talk to discourse markers, and that some of these can usefully be employed for automatic analysis ... University of Maryland American Association for Computational Linguistics Elizabeth Zoltan-Ford 1991 How to get people to say and type what computers can understand International journal of Man-Machine...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20