alcohol tobacco and drug use

... demand reduction to prevent the uptake and/ or delay the onset of use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs; reduce the misuse of alcohol and the use of tobacco and other drugs in the community; and ... Demand reduction means strategies and actions which prevent the uptake and/ or delay the onset of use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs; reduce the misuse of alcohol and the use of tobacco and ... from alcohol, tobacco and other drug misuse For example, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience a disproportionate amount of harms from alcohol, tobacco and other drug use Drug- related problems...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 20:20

... anxiety and suicidal behaviour; and physical complaints [2,9-13] The discussion on casual connections between behaviour, health and substance use has traditionally been focused on alcohol and drug s ... behavioural- and health problems2 at baseline and the likelihood (age adjusted OR, 95% CI) of frequent alcohol use at follow-up; stratified by gender and alcohol use status at baseline3 Boys Girls Alcohol ... affective problems and drug use might also be interpreted as self- medication, as discussed in conflicting earlier reports [39,40] Adolescence alcohol and drug use seemed woven into health and behavioural...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:21

... concept area focuses on essential content students need to know about fire and water safety; first aid prevention and care for injuries; pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle safety; use of protective ... understanding of health promotion and disease prevention concepts a Differentiate between safe and risky behaviors b Identify safety practices for home and school (e.g., rules for pedestrian and ... needs, wants, and feelings (e.g., making friends; giving and accepting compliments or statements of appreciation) b Demonstrate ways to communicate care, consideration, and respect of self and others...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 21:20

... US$3) Questionnaire and Measures of Drug Use Questionnaires asked participants about their drug use, sexual practices, networks, norms and time use Data on time use and drug use at specific times, ... among injecting drug users (IDUs), other drug users, and non-users We use the data to explore whether, following “Big Events” that took place: The number of IDUs increased Drug use increased among ... time use through which crises and transitions can affect time use and drug use should be conducted Second, time use methods should be more widely applied in studies of HIV risk and studies of drug...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... (skin, vaginal, eye and ear) and inhaled aerosol treatments separately Finally it is necessary to differentiate drugs and pregnancy supplements within medicinal products Drugs are used for the treatment ... products causes several hazards First, many pregnant women not get the necessary drug treatment and it results in serious consequences both for the mothers and their fetuses If influenza [38] and other ... antifever drugs may exceed the CA risk caused by all human teratogenic drugs Thus, a better balance is needed between the risk and benefit of drug treatments during pregnancy General conclusions The use...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:12

... injection drug users: Development and evaluation of the Injection Drug User Quality of Life Scale Substance Use & Misuse 2003, 38:965-992 APA, AERA, NCME: Standards for educational and psychological ... measure for use with injecting drug users AIDS 1996, 10:1699-1705 Dalgard O, Egeland A, Skaug K, Vilimas K, Steen T: Health-related quality of life in active injecting drug users with and without ... functioning and well being of persons who seek treatment for drug and alcohol use Journal of Substance Abuse 1998, 10:75-84 Carretero MD, Burgess AP, Soler P, Soler M, Catalan J: Reliability and validity...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... injection drug use Patterns and trends of HAART use The longitudinal trends in the use of HAART by class of drug are depicted in Figure Both individuals with and without a history of injection drug use ... of injection drug use Second, we refined the analysis to compare individuals reporting current and former injection drug use with those never reporting a history of injection drug use Results ... effects and toxicities, need for substance abuse treatment, and the presence of treatment complicating drug interactions." [18] Previous studies suggest that a history of injection drug use may...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:20

... Stigmatisation of HIV and drug use Injecting drug users using HIV/AIDS services frequently reported that stigmatisation of people living with HIV and people engaged in drug use was an important ... providers and stakeholders in the field of HIV/AIDS: • stigmatisation of HIV/AIDS and drugs use; • criminalisation of drugs use; • discriminatory practices among service providers; • information and ... at national and sub-national levels and NGO and government service providers widely agreed that the criminalisation of drug use and police practices relating to the implementation of drugs laws...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... sections and number of items Section Number of items Understanding problem drug use 13 Recognising problem drug use Approaching the person about their problem drug use 68 Information and support ... heroin, at levels that are associated with both short- and long-term harm Problem drug use therefore includes drug- affected states, drug abuse and drug dependence The aim was to get consensus between ... with expertise in problem drug use Consumers (people with a past history of problem drug use) and carers (people with experience caring for someone with problem drug use) were recruited by distributing...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... and to prevent use of the intravenous access for illicit drug use At day of hospitalization, he underwent aortic and mitral valve replacement Cultures from the valves also grew P aeruginosa and ... endocarditis with C parapsilosis and P aeruginosa in intravenous drug users can be cured with surgical valve replacement and extended duration intravenous antibiotics and antifungals Abbreviations ... emergency department of our hospital, and was found to have Candida parapsilosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa endocarditis A 2D echocardiogram was done there and showed vegetation of the prosthetic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:21

... Narcotics”, the main purpose of the compulsory and voluntary detoxification is to reduce demands for drug use, drug related crimes, and injection drug use, which are designed to eventually reduce ... Security and the Department of Public Security at the provincial and city levels initiated a nationwide crackdown on drug use and an intensified compulsory detoxification program for drug users ... reduction (e.g MMT and NEP) and HIV prevention (e.g VCT) were successful and had positive effects in reducing drug related risk behaviors among drug users in both institution-based and community-based...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... aged 25 and older who used illegal drugs for ≥ 10 years and heroin for ≥ years [29] Other limitations related to OST in prisons include a deficiency of psychological and social support for drug- using ... International Conference on Alcohol and Harm Reduction; 12 May 2008; Barcelona, Spain doi:10.1186/1477-7517-7-17 Cite this article as: Stöver and Michels: Drug use and opioid substitution treatment ... socioeconomic reasons drug- using prisoners, particularly IDUs, not receive appropriate therapy for their drug problem: they are frequently poor and deprived and, therefore, marginalised [33] and not considered...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... Administration Table describes rural and urban nonmedical drug use and the routes of drug administration for each of the drugs No urban participants reported lifetime use of buprenorphine or of the ... Gossop M, Griffiths P, Marsden J, Wolff K: Route of drug use and its implications for drug effect, risk of dependence and health consequences Drug Alcohol Rev 1998, 17:197-211 15 Xian X, Jun L, Jianling ... with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study Drug Alcohol Depend 2002, 66:189 29 Bravo MJ, Barrio G, de la...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... Immunodeficiency Virus; IDU: Injecting Drug User; IDUS: injecting drug users; ODU: opioid drug use; ODUS: opioid drug users; RIOB: Richtlijn Opiaat Onderhoud Behandeling; RIVM: Rijksinstituut voor ... country and abroad who have come to the capital for drug use A relatively large proportion of drug users are immigrants from the Caribbean who are less likely to inject drugs than drug users of ... of injecting drug use and related risk behaviour (e.g borrowing of syringes) combined with the influx of HIV-positive drug users from adjacent regions and countries [21] National drug monitoring...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... for people who misuse alcohol and drugs and a not-for-profit facility open to the community and offering treatment at no cost for any condition, including alcohol and drug misuse Eligibility criteria ... were: ages between 18 and 65 years, having used drugs (other or in addition to alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana) in the last 30 days, and to not be engaged in treatment for drug abuse in the last 30 ... other and closely influence both individual behavior and behavior changes [24] The high prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use in our sample reflects a polydrug use pattern (that is, users...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... work; and half were currently married and living with their spouse Injecting drug and alcohol use All 75 survey participants injected drugs in the past months, and most (n = 62; 83% of men and ... questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol and substance use, HIV testing and treatment, sexual behaviour and condom use, family planning and reproductive health, and sexually ... key informant interviews focused on barriers to and facilitators of safer sex and safer injecting drug use among PLHIV, and availability and quality of prevention and treatment services for PLHIV...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... and cannabis/Mandrax (sleeping tablet, contains methaqualone and diphrenhydramine) and cannabis /alcohol The KI user participants cited club drugs (kat, ecstasy, cocaine, alcohol, GHB and LSD) as ... [4] While there is international evidence on and experience with adequate responses, limited responses addressing drug use and drug- use- related HIV and other health risks are witnessed in South ... equipment and/ or drug- related unprotected sex, as was found in the rapid assessment of drug use and sexual HIV risk patterns among vulnerable drugusing populations in Cape Town, Durban and Pretoria...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... previous years, trends and developments regarding consumption frequency and polydrug use were revealed Polydrug use was defined as the consumption of more than one substance (tobacco excluded) during ... 68.8%, ecstasy 40.4% and cocaine 35.0%) [4] The results indicate that more drug users report an addictive (daily) consumption of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis than of illegal drugs, such as cocaine, ... legal substances (alcohol and tobacco) was approximately 15 and the age for cannabis was approximately 16 Most people were between 20 and 25 years old when they first tried party drugs (e.g., cocaine,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... syringes, and harm reduction program use was low, with only one participant reporting needle and syringe collection and distribution program (NSP) use [7,8] Since the 2006 study, drug use patterns and ... medical histories, drug use and sexual behaviors, and knowledge of infection transmission and prevention Drug use behaviors of interest included sharing needles/syringes ever and in the last three ... the number of drug users have changed, with the numbers of drug users, injectors, and those using heroin as their drug of choice increasing in 2009 [5] In this interval, the number and range of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... 38.8 52.5 0.34 Mean (Median) Total Partners Alcohol/ Non-Injection Drug Use1 NI Drug Use ≥ 1x/week NI Crack Use Injection Drug Use1 Drug Injection ≥ 1x/day Drugs Injected Receptive Syringe Sharing ... norms develop among drug users [18-20] Group solidarities and norms emerge to deal with the pressures exerted by drug policies, law enforcement agents and drug use craving and/ or withdrawal symptoms ... drug users: implications in Massachusetts and Puerto Rico Evaluation and Program Planning 2008, 31:64-73 22 Zerden L, López LM, Lundgren LM: Needle Sharing Among Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20