access of quaternary drugs to the central nervous system

... SURFACE MODIFICATION OF BACULOVIRUS DERIVED VECTORS FOR IMPROVED GENE DELIVERY TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM YANG YI (B Eng.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE ... within the cell is reverse transcribed into double-stranded DNA which can then integrate randomly into the host cell genome The use of retrovirus vectors for gene delivery to the nervous system ... member of the retrovirus family The main advantage of lentivirus-based vectors is their ability to integrate into the host genome of both dividing and nondividing cells, thereby providing the potential...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:28

... expression in the CNS, and to test or modify viral vectors suitable to harbor these promoters The ultimate objective of the study is to use these promoters and vectors for gene therapy of neurological ... DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRID PROMOTERS AND VIRAL VECTORS FOR IMPROVING GENE DELIVERY TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM WANG CHAOYANG (B.Sc.; M.Sc.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ... in the CNS X Chapter Conclusion The ultimate purpose of this study was to develop suitable delivery systems with novel promoters and viral vectors for gene therapy of disorders of the central nervous...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... 1THE ROLE OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS IN TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE BHUSHAN VIJAY NAGPURE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2014 Trang 2THE ROLE OF ... of H2S measurement, it’s almost impossible to determine the active form of H2S (H2S, HS- or S2-) present in the biological system Hence the all-encompassing term of H2S is now used to refer the ... activity (Sparatore et al., 2011) These findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of H2S in PD which can be achieved either by the administration of exogenous H2S or the modulation of endogenous...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:17

... statistics, the variance is equal to the mean value Therefore, the standard deviation (σ) is equal to the square root of the mean value Although it is important to minimize the number of molecules ... Chapter 2 introduces the concepts and theory of FCS as well as the experimental setup of this instrument The calibration of the FCS system is also discussed The last part of this chapter presents ... USA) was placed in front of the APD detector to further block spurious excitation light The APD detector collects photons and converts them into electronic signals Autocorrelations were computed...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:36

... the lack of CCR5 does not protect from MS, but rather it may predispose to the chronic course of the disease [69] This would further imply that in view of the redundancy in the chemokine system, ... chemokine system Although some of the data on the role of CCR5 in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE appears to be conflicting, the weight of evidence identifies CCR5 as an active participant in the recruitment ... due to apoptosis Many studies have demonstrated apoptosis of infiltrating cells in the CNS of animals with EAE [80] The limitation of inflammation seen in the CNS could also be the result of a...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... also provided the first demonstration of delayed effects of chemotherapy on the latency of impulse conduction in the auditory system, offering the possibility of non-invasive analysis of myelin damage ... side of a node of Ranvier (n) An axon next to it shows partial degeneration of the myelin sheath and disruption of the cytoskeleton (asterisk) (f) Edema in what is likely to be a process of an ... known whether the occurrence of delayed adverse effects requires exposure to multiple chemotherapeutic agents, the presence of both chemotherapeutic agents and the body’s own response to cancer,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... gene delivery systems (vectors), regulatory elements and therapeutic genes The vectors refer to the carriers of transgene into target cells, and they have been commonly divided into viral and ... EXPRESSION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM GUO HAIYAN (B.M., PRC) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE ... three components to generate a safe and effective way for the delivery of genes into the patient and subsequent treatment of the disease by the transgene In the current stage of gene therapy, most...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:15

... the brain, as this might be useful to the understanding of the control of locomotion and pain responses The identification of the receptor(s), and the identification of the specific regions of ... mixture of neurotoxins (which attack the nervous system), hemotoxins (which attack the circulatory system), cytotoxins and many other toxins that affect the body in different ways (Calvete et ... Trang 1THE STUDY OF THE MEDIATION OF OHANIN, A KING COBRA (OPHIOPHAGUS HANNAH) TOXIN THROUGH THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TEO CHUNG PIN (M.Sc University of Glasgow) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:35

... Figure 22.2 Ventral view of the brain of the dog Figure 22.3 Lateral view of the brain of the dog Figure 22.4 The brain of the dog after removal of the left cerebral hemisphere, left half of the cerebellum and left half of the rostral spinalcord ... Post‐ganglionic parasympathetic axons finally synapse on the sphincter of thepupil and the ciliary muscle The rostral colliculus projects to the motornuclei of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducent nerves (motor n III,motor n IV and motor n ... The granular cells are excitatory to the Purkinje cells andalso to interneurons (black), which are inhibitory (I) to the Purkinje cells.The Purkinje cells are inhibitory to the neurons of the cerebellar nuclei.The Purkinje cells will fire or be silent, depending on the balance of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2020, 17:03

... cytokines on the luminal surface of the endothelial cells to cytokine receptors on the T cell This ultimately leads to the expression of more integrins on the surface of the T cells Once the T cells ... by the binding of B7 on the surface of APCs to CD28 on T cells The binding of IL-2 to its receptor (IL-2R) on T cells results in proliferation and differentiation of the T cells into effector ... “Analysis of the association of peptides of optimal length to class I molecules on the surface of cells,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Trang 10Sciences of the United States of America,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 11:39

... on the platform We attempted to test the mice in the Barnes maze, another spatial learning and memory test, however the heterozygote mice tended to jump off the edge of the maze Based on these ... in the Atrx-cHet mice The non-cued Morris water maze was used to determine whether motivational or sensorimotor defects contribute to the phenotype seen in the non-cued version of the test The ... and the mice were held by the base of the tail and lowered towards the triangular pull bar Once the mice had gripped the bar, the meter was calibrated and the mice were gently pulled away from the...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 15:34

... (a fork of AutoDock Vina) to evaluate the binding affinity of the prepared ligands to the active sites of the target proteins The docking process yielded docking scores, representing the free ... absorbed into the bloodstream via inhalation and potentially exert effects on the central nervous system Therefore, the mechanism of action of SREO through inhalation was based on these components ... to 7.2% of SREO composition and β- caryophyllene was the molecule with the highest quantity; no sesquiterpene alone exceeded 1% The group named “others” represented from 0.2% to 2.2% of the total...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2025, 08:59

... equivalent to those seen in the present-day neurons of higher animals by the time of the emer-gence of the Plathelminthes in the evolutionary his-tory The eye of the planarian is one of the most ... In the stalk region of the photoreceptor cells, neuropeptides may be synthesized and work to modulate the transmission of light stimulus To clarify the role of the amidated neuropeptides in the ... one of the simplest animal groups with a central nervous system Their primitive central nervous system produces large quantities of a variety of neuropeptides, of which many are amidated at their...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... absorption of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the region of the lumbar cistern and the dural sleeves of the spinal nerve roots He suggested that this finding correlates with the effect of increased ... increased at the beginning (9.9 mmHg) and at the end of the experiment (11.4 mmHg) An explanation of this is provided by the mechanism of action of fentanyl, administered for maintenance of anaesthesia: ... con-sidered to increase when CNS ischemia ensues [22-35] Materials and methods The study was performed in the experimental laboratory ‘Kostas Tountas’ of the Second Department of Surgery at the Aretaieion...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... PRESENTATION OF DENGUE EDIII TO THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM LAM JIAN HANG B.SC (HONS), NUS A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE ... DEVELOPMENT OF LIVE BACTERIAL SYSTEMS FOR PRESENTATION OF DENGUE EDIII TO THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM LAM JIAN HANG NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2014 DEVELOPMENT OF LIVE BACTERIAL SYSTEMS FOR ... production in Lactococcus and Lactobacillus using a new secretion system based on the Lactobacillus brevis S-layer signals Gene, 1997 186(2): p 255-62 Satoh, E., et al., Application of the extracellular...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:18

... Trang 1The Central Nervous SystemBởi: OpenStaxCollege The brain and the spinal cord are the central nervous system, and they represent the main organs of the nervous system The spinal cord ... study of the microscopic anatomy—the cytoarchitecture—of the cerebral cortex and divided the cortex into 52 separate regions on the basis of the histology of the cortex His work resulted in a system ... is the connection between the cerebrum and the rest of the nervous system, with one exception The rest of the brain, the spinal cord, and the PNS all send information to the cerebrum through the...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2016, 13:53

... 2 Composes 4/5 of the diencephalon - Forms most of the walls of the 3" ventricle « Acts as relay center through which all sensory information (except olfactory) passes to the cerebrum ¢ Lateral ... from the midbrain and hindbrain Roman numerals refer to the order in which the nerves are positioned from front of the brain to the back « Most are mixed nerves containing both sensory and motor ... © Anterior portion of each cerebral hemisphere © Precentral gyri: ¢ Contains upper motor neurons ¢ Involved in motor control ® Body regions with the greatest number of motor innervation are...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2017, 10:58

... proprioception—the sense of how parts of the body are oriented in space The parietal lobe contains a somatosensory map of the body similar to the motor cortex The occipital lobe is located at the back of the ... by Gray’s Anatomy) Brain The brain is the part of the central nervous system that is contained in the cranial cavity of the skull It includes the cerebral cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, ... section cuts the brain front to back, as shown in [link]a, and a horizontal section cuts the brain top to bottom Cerebral Cortex The outermost part of the brain is a thick piece of nervous system tissue...

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2017, 23:14

... by the blood-brain barrier The function of the tissue in the CNS is crucial to the survival of the organism, so the contents of the blood cannot simply pass into the central nervous tissue To ... constant perfusion of the cerebrum even in the event of a blockage of one of the arteries in the circle The animation shows the normal direction of flow through the circle of Willis to the middle cerebral ... that enter the cranium and vertebral cavity It is directly attached to the inner surface of the bones of the cranium and to the very end of the vertebral cavity There are infoldings of the dura...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2017, 15:28

... 12 The Central Nervous System: Part D Trang 2Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. The Spinal Cord: Embryonic Development neuroblasts form white matter of cord axons will grow to effectors ... (ALS) horn motor neurons and fibers of the pyramidal tract swallow, and breathe the immune system, or both Trang 47Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Developmental Aspects of the CNS • CNS ... Tracts stretch to the cerebellum Trang 29Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 12.34a (2 of 2)Joint stretch receptor (proprioceptor) Cervical spinal cord Touch receptor Medial lemniscus...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2020, 00:48