a semantic web framework for java

... reasoner for a semantic web International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems, 7(1-2), 23-38. Trang 2A Scalable Backward Chaining-based Reasoner for a Semantic Web Hui Shi Department of Management ... Materialization and forward chaining are suitable for fre-quent computation of answers with data that are relatively static OWLIM [12] and Oracle 11g [13], for example im-plement materialization ... consequents As a general rule forward chaining is a good method for a static knowledge base and backward chaining is good for the more dynamic cases Trang 3 The authors have been exploring the use of backward

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 16:03

... This approach has also been taken for RDF (see chapter 3) It should be noted that XML can serve as a uniform data exchange format between applications In fact, XML’s use as a data exchange format ... any validXHTML document is also a valid XML document, and as a consequence,opening and closing tags in XHTML are balanced) A less formal observation is that human userss can read both HTML andXML ... (stan-dard generalized markup language), an international stan(stan-dard (ISO 8879) for the definition of device- and system-independent methods of representing information, both human- and machine-readable

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... interchange of data and metadata between applications However, XML does not provide any means of talking about the semantics (meaning) of data For example, there is no intended meaning associated with ... in a do-schema language called RDF Schema (RDFS) The name RDF Schema is now widely regarded as an unfortunate choice It suggests that RDF Schema has asimilar relation to RDF as XML Schema has ... on an agenda, an alphabetized list of staff members — examples where an order is imposed rdf:Alt a set of alternatives Typical examples are the document home and mirrors, and translations of a

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... Formal semantics and reasoning support are usually provided by map-ping an ontology language to a known logical formalism, and by using auto-mated reasoners that already exist for those formalisms ... value, or part of the built-in vocabulary, and not more than one of these This means that, for example, a class cannot at the same time be an individual, or that a property cannot have some values ... a subset of the language structors For example, OWL Lite excludes enumerated classes, disjointnessstatements, and arbitrary cardinality con-The advantage of this is a language that is both easier

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... located 45 sq m apartment, and $250 for a similar flat in the suburbs In addition, he is willing to pay an extra $5 per square meter for a larger apartment, and $2 per square meter for a garden ... the database contains facts about the following base predicates: Then we can infer further relationships using appropriate rules First, we can define a predicate parent: a parent is either a father ... the variable X is implic- itly universally quantified (using ∀X) In general, all variables occurring in a rule are implicitly universally quantified A fact is an atomic formula, such as loyalCustomer(a345678);

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... theontology We illustrate the general idea using a camera example.4 Here is one way in which a particular data source or application may talk about cameras: Trang 56.3 Data Integration at Audi 183</Lens> ... different format: Human readers can see that these two different formats talk about the same object After all, we know that SLR is a kind of camera, and that f-stop is a synonym for aperture Of ... models can rationalize disparate datasources into one body of information By creating ontologies for data andcontent sources and adding generic domain information, integration of dis-parate sources

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... data on the Web • Extraction of relational data and metadata from existing data on the Web • Merging and mapping ontologies by analyzing extensions of concepts • Maintaining ontologies by analyzing ... the Web of meta-data The success of the Semantic Web greatly depends on the proliferation of ontologies and relational metadata This re-quires that such metadata can be produced at high speed and ... of a particular domain, built for a particular purpose As a consequence, there is no correct ontology of a specific domain An ontology is by necessity an abstraction of a partic-ular domain, and

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... ObjectProperty(eats domain(animal)) ObjectProperty(is-part-of Transitive) Class(animal partial annotation(rdfs:comment "Animals form a class.")) Class(branch partial annotation(rdfs:comment "Branches ... potential” Trang 5A Abstract OWL SyntaxThe XML syntax for OWL, as we have used it in chapter 4 is rather verbose, and hard to read OWL also has an abstract syntax1, which is much easier to read This ... "Plants form a class disjoint from animals.")) Class(tasty-plant partial annotation(rdfs:comment "Tasty plants are plants that are eaten both by herbivores and carnivores.") plant

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 11:20

... synthesis Arginine MFS family FNR Amino acid catabolism LRP regulon Amino-acyl tRNA synthases DNA methylation OxyR ArcA TCA Peptidoglycan Transposon related Global regulators RNA modification ATPases ... related, targets of FIS, a nucleoid asso-ciated transcriptional regulator as well as anaerobic genes and targets of FNR, a regulatory gene for fumarate nitrite, nitrate reductases and hydrogenase ... Trang 1A classification based framework for quantitative description of large-scale microarray data Dipen P Sangurdekar *† , Friedrich Srienc *† and Arkady B Khodursky †‡ Addresses: * Department

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:21

... Europe, EM Asia and Europe ex-UK 109 Table 6-f: Information Ratios of Median and Top Quartile Managers with European Mandate 111 Table 6-g: Information Ratios of Median and Top Quartile Managers with ... score, and supplement with the magnitude of forecast For an actual-forecast pair (a, f), Similarity Ratio is defined as: + a f a f a f 0 otherwise af a if 2 + ≤0 Similarity Ratio for a model ... the x-axis as the actual values (a) and the y-axis as the forecast (f) values, then each actual-forecast pair, (a, f), can be plotted on the Cartesian plane The liney = x contains all the points

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 09:39

... soccer system was chosen as a reference implementation plat-form because, in addition to their availability, they also have a few additional advantagesthat make them especially suited for testing ... computational power and imageacquiring/processing technologies, continues to be a vibrant research area with practicalapplications in areas such as autonomous vehicle navigation, human face detection ... the former more concerned with physi-cal systems whose dynamics can be modeled and analysed mathematically, and the latterwith areas that are more computational and symbolic in nature Superficially

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2015, 13:01

... generate additional substantial ongoing operating or maintenance costs Preliminary Appraisal Detailed Appraisal Post Tender Appraisal Validation Decision to implement Final Business Case Detailed ... appropriate to adopt an approach which subjects a large number of projects to a sketch appraisal, before subjecting a smaller number to a more complete appraisal A sketch appraisal could encompass a ... project, establishes the rationale for it, and informs a decision to proceed with it The Business Case should be established at the preliminary appraisal stage and updated at detailed appraisal, and

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 19:50

... material HERMAWAN (Indonesia) Keng Yeang LUM Mei Jean SUE Regional South American leaf blight Ismail HASHIM Annamalai SIVAPRAGASAM Trang 17AANZFTA Australia New Zealand Free Trade AgreementACFS National ... national PRA frameworks, and biosecurity planning SPS issues are detailed in the draft ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA) and the ASEAN–Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) ... European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Trang 18FAMA Federal Agriculture Marketing Authority (Malaysia)FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsHACCP Hazard Analysis

Ngày tải lên: 11/07/2016, 21:19

... processable by machines The term metadata refers to such information: data about data Metadata capture part of the meaning of data, thus the term semantic in Semantic Web. In our example scenarios ... the data has to be made available along with the data For human users, this is done through an appropriate choice of presentation format For applica-tion programs, however, this semantics has to ... exam-ple, agents aware of the semantics of OWL can take full advantage of information written in RDF and RDF Schema • Upward partial understanding On the other hand, agents fully aware of a layer

Ngày tải lên: 19/04/2017, 12:17

... all that Databases today are madeavailable, in some form, on the Web where users, application programs, anduses are open-ended and ever changing In such a setting, the semantics ofthe data has ... oncertain topics, such as XML And there is no need for a reference work inthe Semantic Web area because all definitions and manuals are available on-line Instead, we concentrate on the main ideas and ... hide certaininformation, are known from the area of databases but are hard to realizeover an intranet (or the Web) in-The aim of the Semantic Web is to allow much more advanced knowledgemanagement

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2019, 10:51

... all that Databases today are madeavailable, in some form, on the Web where users, application programs, anduses are open-ended and ever changing In such a setting, the semantics ofthe data has ... oncertain topics, such as XML And there is no need for a reference work inthe Semantic Web area because all definitions and manuals are available on-line Instead, we concentrate on the main ideas and ... hide certaininformation, are known from the area of databases but are hard to realizeover an intranet (or the Web) in-The aim of the Semantic Web is to allow much more advanced knowledgemanagement

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2019, 15:43

... www.oracle.com/technetwork /java/ javase/downloads/index.html#jdk ➤ You have downloaded and extracted Apache Ant Ensure that you add it to your PATH variable NOTE Apache Ant is available at http:/ /ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi ... HTML, CSS, and JavaScript that could also interact with the important native parts of an iPhone, such as the camera and compass? Within a year, PhoneGap was winning awards and was starting to ... you have this information, you can use it to render an image, post the data to a remote server, or save the data locally WARNING Be aware, however, that because the latest and greatest smartphones...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 22:20

... native modules to JavaScript in the webview This means, programmatically, that all these platforms allow JavaScript code to call native Java/ C++/Objective C code, and vice versa Let’s take a ... the applications An application can insert, retrieve, update, and delete data through SQL statements Applications can query data in the database, and search for a specific e-mail in a locally ... applications Single Origin Policy Not Applicable For those of you who have worked with Ajax-based applications, you know that a web application hosted at “abc.com” cannot make Ajax calls to a web...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 11:47

... perl-Apache-ParseFormData A Perl library for accessing form data in mod_perl perl-Class-Base A Perl base class for other modules perl-Class-DBI A Perl tool for abstracting database access perl-Class-DBI-ConceptSearch ... the automatic generation of several web application layers that are manually created in most other frameworks Turnkey uses a database schema, or definition, to automatically create most of an ... GMOD Chado database, affording bulk access to features contained within the database Providing this tool for GMODWeb's model objects makes data access platform agnostic so developers can interact...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... between, say, a Ferrari and the Brazilian rainforest Ferraris are complicated machines, but an expert mechanic can take one apart and reassemble it without changing a thing The car is static, and the ... context, staying aware of danger signals, and avoiding inappropriate reactions, managers can lead effectively in a variety of situations THE CONTEXT’S CHARACTERISTICS SIMPLE Repeating patterns and consistent ... Dissent and formal debate are valuable communication assets in complex contexts because they encourage the emergence of well-forged patterns and ideas A “ritual dissent” approach, for instance,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 21:20