a rare exception to the rule against leverage

... in fact been the case I show that if alternative measures of corporate leverage are used, either by adjusting balance sheet data to national accounting rather than corporate accounting standards ... PEs There have, however, been so many claims to the contrary that it is necessary to show that they are without any practical as well as any theoretical justification The usual claim is that there ... construction of reliable long-term data series for stock markets and, as a result, there are marked weaknesses in the available statistics For example, share prices are available in many stock markets for...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2014, 21:44

... 1991; Barot and Takala, 1998); a multivariate co-integration among the appraisal-based real estate market, the stock market, the bond market and T-bills(Chaudhry et al., 1999); as well as a relatively ... Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK; Canada and the US) have the largest market capitalization in real estate securities, comprising around 89% of the total global real estate market and ... States, listed market heavyweight, is only 7.18%, contributing 2.32% to total stock market capitalization, similar in Canada Taking a simple average on a a global basis, around 6% of total estate...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:14

... between the commercial real estate and stock markets and to advance the tools used in real estate research We select Singapore as our case study based on three major factors First, data availability ... estate asset market with other capital and financial asset markets such as stocks and bonds, the commercial real estate value would react to changes in the general capital market even in the absence ... market for tenant space (space market) and the market for investment capital (the asset market) (Dipasquale and Wheaton, 1992) The demand for commercial real estate space as a factor of production...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... Central African Republic, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Nicaragua, ... Bank Credit = initial bank credit to the private sector as a share of GDP; Capitalization = initial value of domestic shares as a share of GDP Other explanatory variables included in each of the ... initial bank credit to the private sector as a share of GDP; Value Traded = initial value of the trades of domestic shares as a share of GDP; Capitalization = initial value of domestic shares as a...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 03:20

... designed to learn rules that classify data into atomic classes (e.g., "good", "average", and "bad") We had to modify its algorithm in order to classify data into sets of atoms For example, a rule can ... manually As a result, we m a d e a decision to extract all indicators automatically We would also like to note that using syntactic information on such a large corpus doesn't appear particularly feasible ... course, the constraints on the use of the structure in the generated text have to be reasonably similar to the ones in the source text We have found that a natural application for the analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 10:56

... competitive and/or regulatory constraints akj is the ratio of a change in the concentration Ej to a change in the concentration Ek Note that values of akj are only true for j „ k because akk is always ... can modify the behaviour of metabolic pathways Variation of flux and metabolite concentrations in unconstrained pathways Aj E j The concentration of a metabolite located downstream of the variable ... because we considered Etot as a constant It would be more appropriate to consider that the quantity of protein the cell allocates to a particular metabolic pathway is between a lower and an upper...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... probably seen the cowboys playing a poker game as the camera swerves to carefully scrutinize each player’s face The best players always keep a straight face, never revealing a good hand, a bad hand, ... was taking a risk What if a bus had hit her on the day after their marriage? No one can predict fate, not even the specialists at NYSE, or the market makers at NASDAQ, and certainly not you The ... the NASDAQ has what are known as market makers Again, the difference between the two is very significant For example, several market makers are allowed to participate in NASDAQ stocks at any given...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2014, 16:11