a phrasebased statistical model for sms text normalization

... and a non-parallel corpus in a related language from the same language family Our primary goal is to translate words in the unknown language by mapping them to cognates in the known language As ... manual morphological segmentation was carried out with the guidance of a standard Ugaritic grammar (Schniedewind and Hunt, 2007) Although Ugaritic is an inflectional rather than agglutinative language, ... typically builds on information or resources unavailable for ancient texts, such as comparable corpora, a seed lexi-con, and cognate information (Fung and McKe-own, 1997; Rapp, 1999; Koehn and

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... variability of the ovulation rate is a bias source already shown by Dnvts et al (1982 a) For example, an FF ram may have a very low breeding value for ovulation rate (compared to the mean of the FF) which ... Trang 1A statistical model for genotype determinationat a major locus in a progeny test design J.M ELSEN Jacqueline VU TIEN KHANG Pascale LE ROY Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, ... of all the variables The realizations of these random variables are denoted y, , y,,, y, and y respectively. 3 Notation for probabilities For ease of presentation, we shall use the same notation

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:22

... shape I i . All the training shapes after the alignment procedure described above are obtained (see Fig. 2). Statistical Model After all th e training shapes are alig ned, a s hape representation ... development, adaptatio n, domestication, and human health. In the past dec- ades, the increasing availability of DNA-based markers has inspired our hope to map genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for ... by capital izing on knowledge about shape analysis and biological princ iples behind shape formation and variation. Shape Analysis According to the definition of Kendall [31], “shape is all the

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... infectious diseases and their methods are also applied to real data Although the mathematical models are elegant, there are still some reasons that more practical statistical models should be ... Trang 1A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES WANG WEI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE Trang 2A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES WANG ... protozoan and fungal parasites fall into the micro-parasitic category In addition, we assume that the disease is spread by a contagious mechanism so that contact between an infectious individual and

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 09:57

... devices are system, in contrast with the method of Camarda, et al which is based on labeled and all lines numbered for later referencing. a reliability graph The digraph model forces an explicit evaluation ... hasadequatepower and speed to correct thedisturbance Thedigraphprocessmodelcapturesthecausalrelation- SO+1 S ships betweenvariables includingnormal and failedstates F2 changes intheinputvariable, ... originate atprimal with present output value that ofa NFFL, namelythe disturbances propagate down NFFL with adisturbance that enters NFFLafter the start * Normal, man- Corrertive two paths from

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:37

... panel-data analytic techniques As more years of data on individual vehicles become available, it may be advan- tageous to adopt a panel-data approach. Trang 288 Improving Recapitalization Planning: ... age, estimated odometer reading by age, annual mileage by age, esti-mated annual down days by age, and estimated annual parts and labor cost by age VaRooM also required economic parameters as inputs—specifically, ... downtime and repair costs (parts and labor) associated with mission-critical failures EDA repair data and Sample Data Collection (SDC) labor-hour data allowed us to identify repair costs and down days

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 21:20

... Trang 1A Tree Transducer Model for Synchronous Tree-Adjoining GrammarsAndreas Maletti Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avinguda de Catalunya 25, 43002 Tarragona, Spain andreas.maletti@urv.cat Abstract ... Wesley. David Chiang 2005 A hierarchical phrase-based model for statistical machine translation In Proc ACL, pages 263–270 Association for Computa-tional Linguistics. David Chiang 2006 An introduction ... Tree Au-tomata Akad´emiai Kiad´o, Budapest. Ferenc G´ecseg and Magnus Steinby 1997 Tree lan-guages In Handbook of Formal Languages, vol-ume 3, chapter 1, pages 1–68 Springer. Jonathan Graehl and

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... have difficulty in accounting for clarification subdialogues and topic change We have developed a model based on a hierarchy of plans and metaplans that accounts for the clarification subdialogues ... indicating causality and subpart relationships Every plan has a header', a parameterized action description that names the plan The parameters of each plan is a set of constraints, which are assertions ... the context for the speech act For HEADER: SEEK-ID-PARAMETER (agent, parameter, plan) STEPS: achieve K N O W R E F (agent, parameter, plan) CONSTRAINTS: IS-PARAMETER-OF (parameter, plan) ~ K

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... file named as BASEDATA.HAR and GSDVOL.HAR Since the data structure of GTAP-E are not similar to that of the Standard GTAP, GEMPACK program is also utilized to create the aggregated data in addition ... Satellite data and its aggregation program are also utilized for the standard dynamic GTAP3 Sectoral and Regional aggregation are similar to those of the static model GTAP Satellite data is constructed ... addition to Flexagg7 or GTAPAgg7 program (used to make the aggregated data for Vietnam case) As a matter of fact, users can use programs such as TABLO, MOHAR or VIEWHAR to create the data In this process,

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2014, 14:07

... × {0, 1} → < Trang 4Jamie,Callan, Jamie,Callan,J.,Callan, v, Jamie,Callan, J.,Callan, v, v, v, J.,Callan,J.,Callan, J.,Callan, J.,Callan, Jamie,Callan, Figure 2: Pairwise model on six mentions: ... the labeled subset The source code for our model is available as part of the FACTORIEpackage (McCallum et al., 2009, http: 3 http://www.iesl.cs.umass.edu/data/bibtex aculotta/data/rexa.html Trang ... probabilistic models for coreference resolution In North American Chapter of the Associa-tion for ComputaAssocia-tional Linguistics - Human Language Technologies (NAACL HLT). Aria Haghighi and

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 17:20

... dataset differs greatly By comparing the graphs, we can (Caltech) and 7 (Pascal) We can understand this because the appearance variation of objects for Pascal is larger than that Trang 6Table 3: Effectivity ... often categorized as a “generative model” or a “discrimina-tive approach (discrimina“discrimina-tive model + discriminant that the constellation model is a generative model A generative model makes ... regions and local features The final probability is calculated as a sum of calculates the final probability using all the local features probability to the region is calculated for each local feature

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... Trang 2oscillator model: for shared human–robot control of a virtual percussion instrumentEdgar Berdahl∗ (edgar.berdahl@imag.fr), Claude Cadoz (claude.cadoz@imag.fr) and Nicolas Castagn´e Trang ... play musical instruments (notshown) For example, Ajay Kapur has designed a robotic drummer thatautomatically plays along with real human performers, such as sitar play-ers [4] Similarly, researchers ... our laboratory has been employing mechanical analog models since as early as 1981 in our designs [10, 11] In the present study, we employ acomputable mechanical analog model of a neural oscillator

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... next paragraph, we show how the waveguide model pa-rameters are related to the amplitudes, damping coefficients, and frequencies of each partial waveguide To model wave propagation in a piano string, ... model and the source-resonator approach measurements on a real piano To take into account the note dependence of the resonator, we made a set of measurements on a real piano, a Yamaha Disklavier ... modes are not in-dependent V¨alim¨aki et al [26] proposed another approach that couples two digital waveguides through real gain ampli-fiers In that case, the coupling is the same for each partial,

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... expected trajectory of animal i on day d m Model (1) can also be presented in a hierarchical form, using a quadratic polynomial as a regression function and fitting fixed (sex, batch) and random (a, ... γ0, γ1 and γ2may cause a shift in the pseudo random number sequence relative to coupled chains For all graphical analysis of Gibbs chains the statisticalsoftware package S-Plus [18] was used ... covariables for the day on test d m Daily variances calculated based on estimates of (co)variance matrices ofadditive genetic and the three permanent environmental effects as well as theresidual

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... whereas the AUC calcu-lated from testing data was 0.74 Also for this model, the dis-crimination performance was similar in testing data and training set estimates As for the Bayesian model, we assumed ... peripheral vascular disease/carotid disease; REDO, re-operation; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischemic attack. Trang 5The discrimination performance of the model was evaluated byanalyzing ... biomedical applications where little data is usually available, because it enables all the data to be used efficiently for training the classification model and testing its predictive performance For

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:24

... pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (64% [21]) was seen as the absolute maximum attainable vaccine coverage rate for the vaccine against HZ Thus, the selected rate of 40% was perceived to be an attainable ... vaccine arm and therefore represents a conservative approach A sensitivity analysis which varied all health care costs 20% above and below their base case value found that this had minimal impact ... moderate, and severe pain associated with HZ and PHN Alternative utility values, based on an HZ population, were available from Bala et al [29] and the SPS [15] For both of these alternative

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... mammary adenocarcinomas, and rat hepatomas Larger tumors typically have less vascular surface area [21], although vascular volume may stay relatively con-stant [31] Fraction extracellular space The ... cells in an advanced tumor will be proliferating than in such an assay Parametrization Values for all model parameters can be estimated from empirical biological data and from previous models I ... the plasma, extravasation into the extracellular space, and cel-lular uptake all act over different time-scales A mathemat-ical model by El-Kareh and Secomb [3] took this into account and explicitly

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... (LDCS analysis) has higher accuracy than LA analysis alone as well as greater robustness to spurious associa-tion than LD analysis alone [12,13] Many methods have been proposed for the LDCS analysis ... (LD) analyses Association analysis is expected to have higher accuracy than linkage analysis, but it is less robust to spurious association [12] An analysis that combines the LD and CS information ... (29) Rather than drawing samples from a proposal forπ, we draw samples from a proposal distribution of x and the sampled x is transformed to π The proposal for x was taken to be a multivariate

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... illustratethe pitfalls incurred in carrying out a linear model analysis when the situationdictates a nonlinear analysis, or a transformation of the data A linear one-way random effects model, ... unbiased, suggestingthat statistical information in the sample about the variances was adequate Best linearunbiased estimation (BLUE) of fixed effects had greater empirical bias and MSE thanthe ... terms of empirical bias and square root MSE Relative bias was empirical bias as a percentage of the true variance component Coefficients of variation for REML and MML estimates of variance components

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... growth and early sexual maturation, and with advancing age typical aging related features such as a decline in learning/behavioral capabilities as well as expression of aging biomarkers are observed ... sequencing and, for comparison, analyzed our sam-ples of medaka, stickleback, tetraodon and zebrafish genomes We considered as tandem repeats microsatellites, minisatel-lites and satelminisatel-lites ... reference assemblies at Ensembl [21] ¶According to Roest Crollius et al for tetraodon [31], and Kasahara et al for medaka [20] ¥Microsatellites excluded; value for concatenation of ten random sequence

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20