a joint rule selection model

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Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... it needs a word dictionary and takes long time for searching many character combinations. 61 4.2 Experiment Results and Analyses We used two separate Eumjeol n-grams as lan- guage models for ... single Jaso tran- 3 Jaso is a Korean character. 4 ‘Transition’ means the correct character is changed to other character due to some causes, such as typographical errors. sition case (나와욧Æ나와요 ... experiments. N-gram A is ob- tained from only training corpus and n-gram B is obtained from all training and test corpora. All ac- curacies are measured based on Eojeol unit. Table 2 shows the...

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Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... steady flow refrigeration cycle model consisting of a constant thermal-capacity heating branch, two constant thermal- capacity cooling branches and two adiabatic branches with the consideration ... endoreversible refrigeration cycle model consisting of a constant thermal-capacity heating branch, two constant thermal-capacity cooling branches and two adiabatic branches is viewed as a production ... 1 and 2 is a heating branch with constant thermal capacity (mass flow rate and specific heat product) in C ; the processes between 3 and 4, and 4 and 5 are two cooling branches with constant...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:08

... words,  dS 1 S 1 has instantaneous variance  2 1 ,  dS 2 S 2 has instantaneous variance  2 2 ,  dS 1 S 1 and dS 2 S 2 have instantaneous covariance  1  2 . Accumulation factor:  t = exp  Z t 0 rdu  : The ... dB 1  =  1   1 S 1  1 + 1   2 S 2  2  d e B 1 : Notice that e B 2 does not appear. Let V be an F T  -measurable random variable. If V depends on B 2 , then it can probably not be hedged. For example, if V = hS 1 T ;S 2 T; and  1 or  2 depend ...  2  2 d e B 2  : Let V be F T  -measurable. Define the f IP -martingale Y t= f IE  V T     Ft  ; 0tT: CHAPTER 19. A two-dimensional market model 207 More precisely, we define the f IP -martingale Y t= f IE  V T     Ft  ;...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:17

... exquisite that she was a flawless pearl gleaming pure and serene in a setting of black mud and emerald prairies that she was a a corker; and as for mine, I cared not if she were as crtiel as a serpent's ... last. The first was an artificial product known as Bryan Jacks a name that had obviously met with reverses. Jacks was the outcome of paved cities. He was a small man made of some material ... That fitted Jacks, except that, instead of dying, he came to Paloma, which was about the same thing. He was a telegrapher and station- and express- agent at seventy-five dollars a month. Why a...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... Second, a continuous-time model provides a convenient characterization of the optimal contract through an ordinary differential equation. With this characterization we can say a great deal about ... at any time. Because the agent can always underreport and steal at rate γ R until termination, any incentive compatible strategy yields the agent at least R. In contrast, this constraint may ... must hold cash in the bank with a balance equal to −D as a condition of the credit line. Both the required capital K and the compensating balance −D are funded through a large initial draw on the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:16

... M.D. American Thoracic Society University of South Alabama Mobile, AL Nancy E. Dunlap, M.D. American College of Chest Physicians University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL Wafaa M. El-Sadr, ... Feinstein AR. The BCG controversy: a methodological and statistical reappraisal. JAMA 1983;249:2362–9. 31. Rosenthal SR, Loewinsohn E, Graham ML, et al. BCG vaccination against tuberculosis in Chi- cago: ... of mass neonatal BCG vaccination among Canadian Indians. Am J Public Health 1986;76:783–6. 38. Shapiro C, Cook N, Evans D, et al. A case-control study of BCG and childhood tuberculosis in Cali,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... North Amer- ican Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL- HLT 2012), Montreal, Canada. Katsuhiko Hayashi, Taro Watanabe, Hajime Tsukada, and ... North American Chapter of the Associa- tion for Computational Linguistics (NAACL-HLT’09), Boulder, CO. David Chiang. 2005. A hierarchical phrase-based model for statistical machine translation. ... approaches thus has been on feature engineering and on adaptations of ma- chine learning algorithms to the special case of SMT (where gold standard rankings have to be created automatically). Examples...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... various language-pairs, one issue is that matching syn- tactic analysis can not always guarantee a good translation, and violating syntactic structure does not always induce a bad translation. Marton and Resnik ... equation (3) or equation (4), which estimates a probability that a source span is to be translated as a unit within partic- ular syntactic contexts. If a source span can be translated as a unit, ... 315–323, Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009. c 2009 ACL and AFNLP A Syntax-Driven Bracketing Model for Phrase-Based Translation Deyi Xiong, Min Zhang, Aiti Aw and Haizhou Li Human Language Technology Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... Communication Re- search Centre, University of Edinburgh. John Hale, Izhak Shafran, Lisa Yung, Bonnie Dorr, Mary Harper, Anna Krasnyanskaya, Matthew Lease, Yang Liu, Brian Roark, Matthew Snover, and ... modified for use in a special repair grammar, which not only reduces the amount of available training data, but violates our intuition that most reparanda are fluent up until the actual edit occurs. The ... syntax trees using this model achieve high accuracy on the standard Switchboard parsing task. 1 Introduction Speech repairs occur when a speaker makes a mis- take and decides to partially retrace...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... and Linda C. Bauman Peto. 1995. A hierarchical Dirichlet language model. Natural Lan- guage Engineering, 1(3):1–19. Y.W. Teh. 2006. A hierarchical Bayesian language model based on Pitman-Yor processes. ... n-grams: C(ab) − C(ab∗). A( ab) = max(1, K(C(ab) − C(ab∗))) A different K constant is chosen for each n-gram order. Using this formulation as an interpolated 5- gram language model gives a cross ... priors a reasonable form for a smoothed distribu- tion can be expressed as α(c|ab) = C(abc) C(ab∗) + A (8) γ(ab) = A C(ab∗) + A The parameter A can be interpreted as the extra counts added to the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20