a discriminative latent variable model

... we augment SAGE with two sparse latent variables that model the region and time of a document, as well as a third sparse latent 740 Trang 2variable that captures the interactions among the re-gion, ... Latent variable models, such as latent Dirichlet al-location (LDA) (Blei et al., 2003) and probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) (Hofmann, 1999), have been used in the past to facilitate ... Trang 1Historical Analysis of Legal Opinions with a Sparse Mixed-Effects Latent Variable Model William Yang Wang1 and Elijah Mayfield1 and Suresh Naidu2 and Jeremiah Dittmar3 1School

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

... Trang 1R E S E A R C H Open AccessSelf-reported physical and mental health status and quality of life in adolescents: a latent variable mediation model Richard Sawatzky1*, Pamela A Ratner2, ... Columbia, Canada Structural equation modeling was applied to test the implied latent variable mediation model The Pratt index (d) was used to evaluate variable importance Results: Relative to one another, ... the latent variable, d = Pratt index N = 6,932 All parameter estimates are statistically significant (p < 05). Table 6 Mediation effects for physical and mental health status and global QOL

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... × {0, 1} → < Trang 4Jamie,Callan, Jamie,Callan,J.,Callan, v, Jamie,Callan, J.,Callan, v, v, v, J.,Callan,J.,Callan, J.,Callan, J.,Callan, Jamie,Callan, Figure 2: Pairwise model on six mentions: ... can view the latent tree as auxiliary variables in a data-augmentation sam-pling scheme that guide MCMC through the state space more efficiently There is a large body of lit-erature in the statistics ... the labeled subset The source code for our model is available as part of the FACTORIEpackage (McCallum et al., 2009, http: 3 http://www.iesl.cs.umass.edu/data/bibtex aculotta/data/rexa.html Trang

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 17:20

... Coquel, T Galié, Relaxation and numerical approximation of a two-fluid two-pressure diphasic model, Math Mod Numer Anal 43 (2009) 1063–1097 [2] A Ambroso, C Chalons, P.-A Raviart, A Godunov-type ... Assuming that U and a are fixed It follows from (2.14) that the curve W ðU Þ of stationary waves consisting of all the states U that can be connected to U by a stationary wave can be parameterized ... Applied Mathematics and Computation 256 (2015) 602–629 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Mathematics and Computation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/amc A Godunov-type

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 14:16

... unobserved variables that can only be assessed indir-ectly by observable manifest variables A latent variable model is a statistical approach that uses a set of observ-able manifest variobserv-ables ... defined as that the manifest vari-ables are conditionally independent upon a given latent variable, and the relationship among the manifest variables is fully explained by the latent variable [10] A ... whereas, the latent variables are continuous variables and can be assumed as normally or log-normally distributed [9] An important assumption for latent variable model is the “local independence”,

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2022, 11:48

... yolk sac and placenta or by transport of lipoprotein-associated cholesterol across the placenta from the maternal circulation [4–8] The fact that the placenta binds and internalizes maternal lipoproteins ... trophoblast of the normal first trimester placenta and may serve as a valid and convenient in vitro model system for studying the cellular activities and regulation of transplacental transport and ... Reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction Total RNA from choriocarcinoma cell lines was isolated by using RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Vienna, Austria).Three micro-grams of total RNA were treated with

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... office, as has happened sometimes in Africa Apart from this one exception it is probably fair to say that savings banks may have a particularly favourable balance of formality versus informality ... have a postal savings bank, although in some cases this will be a department of the national post rather than a separately established bank s A variation of this is a separately ... savings mandate that are common throughout East Asia and some parts of Latin America Clearly the regional characterisations of these different models are somewhat arbitrary but are presented

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... statistical machine translation In NAACL. H Hassan, K Sima’an, and A Way 2007 Supertagged phrase-based statistical machine translation In ACL. M Johnson 2003 Learning and parsing stochastic unification-based ... The alignment template approach to statistical machine translation Computational Linguistics, 30(4):417–449. F J Och, D Gildea, S Khudanpur, A Sarkar, K Yamada, A Fraser, et al 2004 A smorgasbord ... The mathematics of statistical machine translation: Parameter estimation Computational Linguistics, 19(2):263– 313. D Cer, M Galley, D Jurafsky, and C D Manning 2010 Phrasal: A statistical machine

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... character can be assigned one of two possi-ble boundary tags: “B” for a character that begins a word and “I” for a character that occurs in the mid-dle of a word We denote a candidate character ... on Nat-ural Language Learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, pages 200–203. Nianwen Xue, Fei Xia, Fu-Dong Chiou, and Martha Palmer 2005 The penn chinese treebank: Phrase structure annotation of a large ... POS information Here, the word local means the labels of nearby characters are not used as fea-tures In other words, the local character classi-fier assumes that the tags of characters are indepen-dent

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... In ACL, pages 1492–1501. J Hajiˇc, M Ciaramita, R Johansson, D Kawahara, M Ant`onia Mart´ı, L M`arquez, A Meyers, J Nivre, S Pad´o, J ˇStˇep´anek, P Straˇn´ak, M Surdeanu, N Xue, and Y Zhang ... in the beam are recalculated based on a scoring model inspired by the graph-based parsing ap-proach, i.e., taking complete factors into account as they become incrementally available As a con-sequence ... training procedure of Zhang and Clark (2008) takes the complete transition sequence into account as it is calculating the update Zhang and Clark compare aspects of transition-based and graph-based

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... Mathematica Policy Research Inc for the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S Department of Health and Human Services (Washington: 2003), available at http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/... ... will be able to raise operating capital only if private investors are convinced that a program’s model and management team are likely to achieve the performance targets The private investors ... front It will be much easier to evaluate program impacts and negotiate a performance- based contract if the treatment population is clearly dened in a way that cannot be manipulated by the service

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:20

... regard to antibiotic activity, PCPs had a 2–8-fold higher antibacterial activity and significantly reduced hemolytic activity compared with PFPs In membrane depolarization assays, PCPs passed rapidly ... an Ala maintained or decreased the antimicrobial activity but significantly increased the hemolytic activity In addition, Oh et al [38] reported that a cecropin A–magainin II hybrid pep-tide and ... various NaCl concentrations exhibited an isodichroic point at 203 nm, indicating a two-state equilibrium between a random coil and an a-helix In pure water, M17 and M25 also became more a-helical as

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:21

... linking accuracy averaged over all the name mentions;  Macro-Averaged Accuracy (Macro- Accuracy): measures entity linking accuracy averaged over all the target entities. As in TAC 2009, ... Wikipedia articles are manually annotated name mentions). In WikiAmbi, there were 207 distinct 950 names and each name contains at least two possible referent entities (on average 6.7 candidate ... task, however, is not trivial due to the name variation problem and the name ambiguity problem. Name variation means that an entity can be mentioned in different ways such as full name, aliases,

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA) Poly-sorbate-20 (Surfactant P20), and all additional BIAcore materials were obtained from BIAcore AB (Uppsala, Sweden) Proteins Ovalbumin (grade V) was obtained from ... monocytes, and macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions ofthe human and rabbit aorta [14] Also, due to the colocalization ofthrombin, PAI-1 and VN in the vessel wall, increasing attention is being paid ... cofactors are present [17], including TM on vascular SMC [14] Both thrombin and PAI-1 can substantially influence migration and proliferation of vascular SMC, the latter process via the protease-activated

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:21

... E25-201 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Internet: pn@ai.mit.edu, berwick@ai.nfit.edu Abstract This paper shows how to formally characterize lan- guage learning in a finite parameter space as a Markov ... alternatives to the TLA that avoid the local maxima problem. As it stands the learner only changes a parameter setting if that change allows the learner to analyze the sentence it could not analyze ... FOR THE MARKOV CHAIN MODEL Perhaps the most significant advantage of the Markov chain formulation is that one can calculate the number of examples needed to acquire a language. Recall it is

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:21

... exist-ing hardware and re-implementexist-ing the system on a new, more advanced car, as well as adding additional features to the software as needed Features that require implementation at this stage ... the available hardware in terms of features, speed and reliability, the limits of the software and how variables interact with the car’s environment as a whole Trang 104 RelevanceThe relevance ... necessary, as the founda-tions are quite solid and usable already The aims of this project mandate changes that need to be made to these foundations in order to progress Trang 73 Research plan and

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... mathematics of statistical machine translation: parameter estimation. Computational Linguistics, 19(2):263–311. David Chiang. 2007. Hierarchical phrase-based transla- tion. Computational Linguistics, ... pro- vides a natural reordering mechanism which is able to deal with local and long-distance reorderings in a consistent way. Our approach can be viewed as an extension of the N-gram SMT approach (Mari ˜ no ... “phrasal” translations, just like Moses. 9 Conclusion We have presented a new model for statistical MT which can be used as an alternative to phrase- based translation. Similar to N-gram based

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... trained separately using a large amount of data, while the syntax-based model requires manual annotation for training The standard method for the combination of a syntax model and an N -gram model ... shown as Algo-rithm 1 Again it is reminiscent of a best-first parser (Caraballo and Charniak, 1998) in the use of an agenda and a chart, but is fundamentally dif-ferent due to the fact that there ... gold-standard edge, we take it as a negative example e−, and take the lowest scored gold-standard edge on the agenda e+as a positive example, in order to make an udpate to the model parameter

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20

... state and thus nonlinear differ-ential state equations created in a linguistic space Such soft computing approaches have the dual advantages of a structure that can enable robust model behaviour ... to all aspects of model creation and implementation, including defining and adding signals, rules and parameters • User-analysts, who have access to specifying inputs, to all graphics capabilities, ... for a PDA that can specify inputs, receive outputs, and can obtain current state and output information and summary predictive information A given user may participate in (and thus have access

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Neurodegenerative diseases and a wide variety of inflammatory conditions are linked together and several anti-inflammatory compounds considered as having therapeutic potential for example in Alzheimer's ... diluted goat anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody (Molecular Probes) to GFAP and 1:500 diluted biotinylated rabbit anti-goat sec-ondary (Vector BA-5000; Burlingame, CA, USA) followed ... the model itself by tak-ing into the account the experimental design involvtak-ing appropriate sample size and statistical power analysis Methods Preparation of hippocampal slice cultures Organotypic

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20