7 examples of atmospheric optical remote sensing

... classification of optical remote sensing data Ahmed AK Tahir Abstract A novel system named unsupervised multiple classifier system (UMCS) for unsupervised classification of optical remote sensing data ... common in the approach of supervised classification have not been conducted in the unsupervised classification of optical remote sensing data See for example [8-10] for some of the MCS schemes form ... consistently in the field of remote sensing The most commonly used of the classical approach is K-means clustering algorithm [3] while Kohonen network is the most commonly used one of the artificial

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 11:36

... having a 750 Hz cutoff and 120 dB re 1 V/1 m: its diameter is 120 mm The 290-16L has 3 dB cutoff at 300 Hz and a speaker diameter of 190 mm (but horn diameter of 90 mm) Note that the diameter of the ... made of 64 of the 0.085-m square KSN1005 speakers will have an area of 64 × 0.085 × 0.085 = 0.46 m2 and an equivalent radius of a ~0.4 m Trang 17The power received from turbulence at 100 m is of ... destroy the preamplifier In spite of these difficulties, a simple relay such as the Omron G2RL has a current rating of 8 A, a turn-on time of 7 ms, and a turn-off time of 2 ms, and will be suf-ficient

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/20/2/14173 http://www.vjs.ac.vn/index.php/jmst Sea surface temperature trends and the influence of ENSO on the southwest sea of Vietnam using remote sensing data and GIS ... 2004–2005 7/2004 2/2005 8 months 0.7 9–12/2004 3 2006–2007 9/2006 1/2007 5 months 0.9 11–12/2006 4 2009–2010 7/2009 3/2010 9 months 1.6 12/2009 5 2014–2015 11/2014 3/2015 5 months 0.7 12/2014 ... 12/2016 6 months –0.7 9–11/2016 7 2017–2018 10/2017 3/2018 5 months –1.0 12/2017 In general, almost all El Niño and La Niña events impact the SST field in the southwest sea of Vietnam and adjacent

Ngày tải lên: 23/07/2020, 01:56

... starting at the age of 6 The average annual increment at the age of 6 was 14.38 t*ha-1*a-1 Trang 10Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass 120 Fig 9 The development of the total production of biomass accumulated ... seventh year of the succession the storage is quite evenly distributed in DBH classes 2–19 cm Trang 8Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass 118 Fig 6 The development of the leaf area index of the White ... development of the stand mean diameter at breast height [cm] during 11 years of succession Fig 4 The development of the stand mean height [m] during 11 years of succession Trang 7The distribution of leaf

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... applications of remote sensing: Atmospheric States and Fluxes-Insolation(VIS) Unique id: hsa053-R T PinkerDepartment of MeteorologyUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, Maryland 20742Tel: 301-405-5380FAX: ... use of remotely sensed hydrometeorological variables in connection with models of land surface fluxes Trang 5One of the major objectives of the LBA program is to improve the understanding of the ... fluxes were obtained from eight stations within the area of(37.275-37.593 N, 96.555-97.140 W) Both ARM and CASES used broadbandinstruments of the Eppley Precision Spectral Pyranometer type.5

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2022, 03:46

... surface Sample Data The illustrations in this booklet show many examples of remotesensing imagery You can find many additional examples of imagery in the sampledata that is distributed with the TNT ... succeeding peaks or troughs In remote sensing, wavelength is most often measured in micrometers, each of which equals one millionth of a meter The variation in wavelength of electromagnetic radiation ... spectral resolution of a remote sensing system can be described as its abilityto distinguish different parts of the range of measured wavelengths In essence,this amounts to the number of wavelength

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 14:44

... During 11 Years of Primary Succession 111 Petr Maděra, Diana Lopéz and Martin Šenfeldr Trang 6VI ContentsPart 2 Remote Sensing of Biomass 127 Chapter 8 Introduction to Remote Sensing of Biomass ... an Trang 14Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass 4 organism in relation to the growth of the whole organism or some other part of it, 2) the study of the consequences of size on organic form ... Mohd Jamil Maah and Ismail Yusoff Chapter 9 Biomass of Fast-Growing Weeds in a Tropical Lake: An Assessment of the Extent and the Impact with Remote Sensing and GIS 171 Tasneem Abbasi, K.B Chari

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... statistical software, (S)MATR, for application of SMA method in studies of allometry patterns Fig 2 Illustration of different types of allometric analyses in (S)MATR statistical software (Falster ... was supported by Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia, project No 173007 Trang 87 References Aarssen, L.W (1995) Hypotheses for the evolution of apical dominance in plants: ... perennial (Ranunculus repens) I The dynamics of ramets in contrasting habitats Journal of Ecology 69: 743-755 MacArthur, R H & Wilson E 0 (1967) The theory of island biogeography Princeton Univ

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... project of the Czech Ministry of Agriculture MZE-0002070203 “Stabilisation of forest functions in anthropically disturbed and changing environmental conditions” and NAZV QH91072 “Role of tree ... there is a long history of coevolution of plants and herbivores due to their coexistence of tens of millions of years from the late Mesozoic (Frank et al., 1998) The stability of such coexistence ... Journal of Forest Research, Vol 16, pp 127–137, ISSN 0282-7581 Burrows, S N.; Gower, S T ; Norman, J M ; Diak, G ; Mackay, D S ; Ahl, D E & Clayton M K (2003) Spatial variability of aboveground

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... M.; Poff, N.L; Sykes, M.T.; Walker, B.H.; Walker, M & Wall, D.H (2000) Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100 Science, Vol 287, pp.1770– 1774 Sankaran M (2005).Determinants of woody ... 7.9 1,780,000 14,000,000 167 9º32’ N - 65º09’ W La Mariposa 13.0 540,000 7,000,000 12 10º24’ N - 66º33’ W La Pereza 14.2 562,500 8,000,000 12 10º27’ N - 66º46’ W Quebrada Seca 7.9 950,000 7,500,000 ... analysis of the functioning of these ecosystems and for the establishment of management policies for water use The density of zooplankton, expressed as the number of organisms per unit of area

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... Zooplankton assembalge of Oyun reservoir, Offa, Nigeria Revista de Biología Tropical, Vol 57, No 4 (December 2009), pp 1027-1047 ISSN 0034-7744 Nusch, E.A & Palme, G (1975) Biologische Methoden ... intensivity of flooding serve as environmental determinants of plant species selection Riverine floodwater pulses provide water, Trang 7nutrient-Estimation of Above-Ground Biomass of Wetlands 77 rich ... the middle of the 20th century, and abandoned later Systematic biomass estimations were conducted in the 1970s–1980s (Estonian data from 1977–1980; most data from Canada from 1972–1978 (Campbell

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... 2,170 mm The mean altitude of the region is 600 m with undulating relief The soil was classified as an Oxisol (Typic Hapludox) with very clayey texture (730 g clay kg-1 of soil) Fig 5 Map of ... a conventional farm with an area of 3,700 in Rondonia State, Brazil (Figure 5) The native vegetation of the region is classified as Cerrado, sub-group Cerradão of the dense vegetation type (Ribeiro ... and the different types of crops that are found in the region (soybean, corn, rice, coffee, etc.) Studies show that after some years of cultivation, the total concentration of carbon in the pasture

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... analysis of gravity measurements Knowing the exact location of a pixel on the Earth’s surface (its spatial location) is an essential component of remote sensing It requires a detailed knowledge of ... Geodesy is the branch of science concerned with the determination of the size and shape of the Earth Geodesy involves the processing of survey measurements on the curved surface of the Earth, as ... Trang 51.4 Spectral signatures of natural and human-made materials Remote sensing makes use of visible, near infrared and short-wave infrared sensors to form images of the earth's surface by detecting

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... because of a change in a range of environmental factors These factors include lack of water, concentration of toxic elements/herbicides and infestation by insects/viruses The spectral reflectance of ... most common form of environmental stress is water deficiency 2.2 Geology Remote sensing is useful for providing information relevant to the geosciences For example, remote sensing data are used ... Fig 21 Reflection and absorption of radiations through biomass Trang 7Because many remote sensing devices operate in the green, red, and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum,

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... potential of remote sensing data To achieve a nonlinear function relating soil organic matter to remote sensing data in hilly region of the semiarid region of central and western Iran, the results of ... 84 % of the total variability in SOM, respectively, in the rangeland site Trang 4Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass 194 On the other hand, the MLR and ANN models explained 77 and 91% of the ... (1998) Role of organic matter in obliterating the effects of iron on spectral reflectance and colour of Brazilian tropical soils International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19, 1969-1979 Haykin,

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... components of plant functional types are essential for evaluating the impacts of grazing on C cycle and long -term effects on the C balance of grasslands Global estimates of the relative amounts of C ... sum of forest floor and mineral soil C in a New Zealand Nothofagus forest did not differ with age However, total C content in the soil profile varied according to the site quality from 87.7 to ... biomass production of short grasses and forbs that grow in the space among tussocks of this ecological area and the requirements of 530 kg DM yr-1 for 1 Corriedale ewe of 49 kg of live weight The

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... of bistatic systems FIGURE 7. 5 The Metek MERASS © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C0 07. indd 205 11/20/ 07 4:16:52 PM 206 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing RADAR transmitter FIGURE 7. 6 ... transmitter and receiver on an Atmospheric Research Pty Ltd RASS © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C0 07. indd 2 07 11/20/ 07 4:16:55 PM 208 7. 9.1 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing RANGE The maximum ... during this part of the sounding 22. 07. 02 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Sodargram of 10´-Average of the Pot RASS Temperature (PRT) FIGURE 7. 13 25 °C A typical...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 37 v © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588.indb 11/ 27/ 07 4: 07: 09 PM vi Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing 3 .7 Scattering 39 3 .7. 1 Scattering from Turbulence 39 3 .7. 2 ... 1 97 7.1 7. 2 7. 3 7. 4 RADAR Fundamentals 1 97 Reflection of RADAR Signals from Sound Waves 198 Estimation of Measured Height 201 Deduction of Temperature 202 7. 4.1 ... 3588_Color_Insert.indd 11/26/ 07 1:41: 07 PM Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing FIGURE 8.6  Plots of time variations measured by the four SODARs of the C T fleld FIGURE 8 .7 Matrix of covariances between...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... (2 .7) © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 16 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing where LE K m / | sin | depends on Km and on the Coriolis effect through the angular velocity of rotation of ... Again, both profiles are closely approximated by a log–linear profile 2.8 2 PROFILES OF C T AND CV 2 Measurements of profiles of both C T and CV are not common Table 2.1 gives data from Moulsley ... represents a force per unit area or a stress The product of force and velocity is a rate of doing work or a rate of change of energy In the case of 1000 800 600 400 200 0 10 20 30 40 FIGURE 2.4 The...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 29 11/20/ 07 4: 37: 29 PM 30 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing Because of the wide dynamic response of the human ear, it is common to use a logarithmic ... Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 37 11/20/ 07 4:38:00 PM 38 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing λ u uTD c cTD FIGURE 3 .7 A turbulent patch moving with speed u in the direction of sound propagation The ... as genuine atmospheric reflections (known as “clutter” or “fixed echoes”) z0 © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 35 11/20/ 07 4: 37: 53 PM 36 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing z...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20