e VERB + WAITER, WAITRESS beckon to, call over, signal to, summon over, wave over He casually waved over the waitress and settled the bill.. | avert, prevent | be ravaged by e WAR + VERB
Trang 1Ww
wade verb
e ADV ashore The men waded ashore | out
e PREP across, in, into, through We waded across the
stream
e PHRASES wade knee-deep/waist-deep Rescuers had
to wade waist-deep in flood water
waft verb
e ADV gently The night air wafted gently over them |
around, in, up A scent of honey wafted up from the hives
e PREP across, down, from, into, over, through, up
Spicy smells wafted through the air
wag verb
e ADV furiously The dog raced ahead, its tail wagging
furiously
Wage noun (also wages)
e ADJ decent, fair, good, high | inadequate, low,
meagre, small He busked to supplement his meagre
wages | annual, hourly, regular, etc | gross, pre-tax |
after-tax, net | money | real Jf money wages remain con-
stant and price levels rise, real wages fall | basic, stand-
ard a basic wage of £100 a week plus tips | living workers
fighting for a living wage | minimum | average
e VERB + WAGE pay | earn She earns a good wage at
the factory | live on How can you live on such a low wage?
| increase, keep up, push up, raise Full employment
pushed up wages | cut, force down, hold down, keep
down | supplement
e WAGE + VERB increase, rise | decrease, fall
e WAGE + NOUN earner | labour, workers | claim The
union submitted a wage claim for a 9% rise | bargaining,
negotiations | agreement, settlement | cut, reduction
| controls, freeze, restraint The government promised
greater tax cuts in return for continued wage restraints |
explosion, increase, inflation, rise | bill, costs | struc-
ture, system | differentials wage differentials between
large and small firms | packet He got his first wage
packet at fourteen years old
e PHRASES a cut/fall in wages, growth in wages, an in-
crease/a rise in wages
wagon noun
1 vehicle pulled by animals
e ADJ covered, open | horse-drawn | hay, supply
e@ QUANT train a long train of supply wagons
e VERB + WAGON drive | pull, draw
e WAGON + VERB roll covered wagons rolling across the
prairies
@ WAGON + NOUN train | wheel
2 open railway truck
e ADJ rail/railway | empty | full | coal, freight, goods
e VERB + WAGON pull
wail noun
e ADJ loud | high, high-pitched | banshee | distant
We could just hear the distant wail of a siren
e VERB + WAIL give, let out | hear
e PREP with a~ With a wail he threw himself on the bed
and buried his face in the pillow | ~ of She gave a wail of
anguish
= Note atSOUND
wail verb
e ADV almost | helplessly
e VERB + WAIL beginto | hearsb
e PREP for wailing for her dead husband with She wailed with despair
e PHRASES weeping and wailing A crowd of women fol-
lowed the coffin, weeping and wailing
waist noun
1 part around the middle of the body
e ADJ narrow, neat, slender, slim, small, tiny | 34- inch, etc
e@ WAIST + NOUN height
e PREP about/around/round the/your ~ She wore a broad belt about her waist
e PHRASES from the waist down/up A large towel covered him from the waist down stripped to the waist, waist-deep/-high Where we were standing, the lake was waist-deep
2 part of a piece of clothing that goes round the waist
e ADJ high, low | belted, drawstring, elasticated | tight | 34-inch, etc These jeans have a 32-inch waist
e WAIST + NOUN measurement, size | pocket
2 part of a piece of clothing
e ADJ high, low
wait noun
e ADJ endless, long We had a long wait to see the doctor
| short | agonizing, anxious, nerve-racking, nervous, worrying | frustrating | boring, tedious
e VERB + WAIT face, have The accused faces an agonizing wait while the jury considers its verdict
e PREP ~forashort wait for an ambulance
e PHRASES be worth the wait The dress was so beautiful when it arrived that it was well worth the wait
wait verb
e ADV long Have you been waiting long? | in vain They waited in vain for aresponse | quietly, silently | patient-
ly, politely He waited patiently while she got ready | anx-
iously, impatiently, nervously, tensely, uneasily Their
parents waited anxiously for news | breathlessly, ex- pectantly, with bated breath J waited with bated breath for what would happen next | about, around
e VERB + WAIT have to, must You'll have to wait until you’re older | can/could hardly, can’t/couldn’t [can hard-
ly wait for my holiday! >I can’t wait to see their new baby
e PREP for ’m waiting for a bus till/until We'll have to wait until it stops raining
e PHRASES keep sb waiting [7m sorry to have kept you waiting wait a long time She had to wait a long time for the right man to come along wait a minute/moment Hey! Wait a minute! [ll come with you! wait and see We'll wait and see what the weather's like before we make a decision
waiter, waitress noun
e ADJ head the head waiter in a large restaurant |
Trang 2wake 862
hotel, restaurant | wine | passing She ordered a large
vodka and tonic from a passing waiter | hovering (liter- ary, disapproving), obsequious He didn’t fancy spending
hours in the restaurant, surrounded by hovering waiters
e VERB + WAITER, WAITRESS beckon (to), call (over),
signal (to), summon (over), wave over He casually waved over the waitress and settled the bill
e@ WAITER, WAITRESS + VERB arrive with sth, bring
(sb) sth, serve (sb) sth A waitress arrived with the wine
they had ordered
e@ WAITER, WAITRESS + NOUN service Lunch is a buf-
fet meal, while dinner is waiter service
e PHRASES catch the waiter/waitress’s eye J tried to
catch the waiter’s eye to ask for our bill
=> Note at JOB
wake, waken verb
1 stop being asleep
e ADV early, late She had woken even earlier than usual
| suddenly | up / woke up quite late this morning
e PREP from She had just woken up from a deep sleep
e@ PHRASES wake (up) to find sth Any minute now she’d
wake up to find herself at home safe in bed wake (up) with
a start She woke with a start from a terrible nightmare
2 make sb stop sleeping
e ADV gently woke him gently | up
e VERB + WAKE, WAKEN be careful not to Be careful
not to wake the children!
walk noun
1 trip on foot
e ADJ brief, little, short We took a brief walk around the
old quarter | good, long, long-distance, marathon It’s a
good (= fairly long) walk to the town centre, so I usually
cycle © We went for a long walk after breakfast © He’s
done several long-distance walks for charity | three-
minute, five minutes’, etc Jt’s a five-minute walk from the
lecture theatre to the restaurant © We live just a few min-
utes’ walk from the station | brisk, vigorous The doctor
advised a brisk walk every day | easy, gentle, leisurely |
hard, strenuous | exhilarating, lovely, pleasant, pretty |
twenty-minute, two-mile, etc | after-dinner, afternoon,
daily, evening, etc | solitary She used to enjoy solitary
walks along the cliffs | romantic | guided We went on a
guided walk of the city in the afternoon | charity, spon-
sored She’s doing a 200-mile sponsored walk in aid of can-
cer research | circular | coastal, country, forest, hill,
lakeside, nature, riverside, woodland | space, tight-
rope the anniversary of the first space walk
e VERB + WALK do, go for, go on, have, take The book
contains circular walks you can do in half a day © We'll go
for a walk before lunch © We went on a ten-mile walk
along the coast | take sb/sth for She takes her dog for a
walk every evening | break They broke their walk at a
pub by the river | continue, resume
e WALK + VERB take sb/sth The walk takes two hours
© The walk takes you past a lot of interesting buildings
e PREP on a/the~ He met her on one of his Sunday after-
noon walks within (a) ~ All amenities are within an easy
walk of the hotel | ~from, ~to
e PHRASES a walk around J had a little walk around to
calm my nerves
2 style of walking
e ADJ funny, silly | jaunty | mincing | loose-limbed |
ungainly | fast | sedate, slow, stately
e VERB + WALK do, have She did a silly walk to amuse
her friends © He has a mincing walk, fast with short steps
3 a walk speed of walking
e VERB + WALK slow to | move off at, set off at The
horses set off at a walk
walk verb
e ADV briskly, fast, quickly, swiftly | slowly | calmly,
quietly J got up and walked calmly out into the early even-
ing | cautiously | barefoot She had no sandals and
walked barefoot | ahead, away, back, backwards, for- ward, in, on, out, together Jake was walking some way ahead
e PREP along, down, into, out of, to, towards, up, etc She walked cautiously up the drive towards the door
e@ PHRASES go walking For our holiday we went walking
in the Lake District
wall noun
e ADJ high, low | long, short | thick, thin | massive |
back, front, side | bare, blank to stare at a blank wall | exterior, external, outer, outside | inner, inside, inter- ior, internal | adjoining | dividing, partition, party | boundary, perimeter | retaining They built a retaining wall around the pond | load-bearing If a load-bearing wall is weakened, the building could fall down |
pannelled | bathroom, kitchen, etc | brick, masonry,
stone, etc | city, garden, harbour, sea
e VERB + WALL build, erect, put up | demolish, des-
troy, pull down | climb (over), scale The burglars must have scaled the side wall | jump down from, jump over | cover, line, paint, paper, plaster She covered her wails with pictures of film stars
e WALL + VERB stand | enclose sth, surround sth | face sth the wall facing the door
e WALL + NOUN clock, light | cupboard, unit | cover- ing, decoration, hanging, tile
e PREP against a/the~ She leant against the wall be- hind a/the ~ Nobody can see behind the wall on a/the ~ She hung the photos on the wail | ~ along the wall along the seafront ~around/round high walls around the prison
~ of (figurative) a solid wall of fog
® QUANT roll six rolls of wallpaper
e VERB + WALLPAPER hang | be covered/hung with | strip (off), take off
@ WALLPAPER + NOUN paste
flowery, patterned,
waltz noun
e ADJ slow | Viennese
@ VERB + WALTZ dance,do | play
e WALTZ + NOUN rhythm, time wander verb
1 move slowly around a place /go from place to place
e ADV slowly | aimlessly | disconsolately, restlessly
| happily | at will, freely The cattle are allowed to wander freely | just, simply Simply wandering is a pleasure in it- self | far, further (afield) One day she wandered further afield | about, across, along, around/round, away, back, in, off, out, over He just wandered in one day and asked for a job
e VERB + WANDER be free to Visitors are free to wander through the gardens and woods | allow sb/sth to, let sb/sth How could you let him wander off like that?
e PREP across, all over, along, among, around, into,
Trang 3863 warm
out of, round, through, towards Don’t go wandering all
over the house! © He wandered into a bar and ordered a
drink
e PHRASES find sb wandering They found him wander-
ing around aimlessly
2 stop concentrating
e ADV alittle
e VERB + WANDER begin to His attention was begin-
ning to wander | allow sth to, let sth Lissa let her mind
wander a little
e@ PREP from, to My thoughts wandered from the exam
questions to my interview the next day
wane verb
e ADV a little, somewhat Her popularity was waning
somewhat | gradually, rapidly
e VERB + WANE begin to Her initial enthusiasm was
clearly beginning to wane
e@ PHRASES wax and wane (= grow and then decrease)
Public interest in the issue has waxed and waned over the
years
want noun
e ADJ human
e VERB + WANT meet, satisfy, see to a society that sat-
isfied all human wants
e PREP for ~ of Refugees are dying for want of proper
health care in~ Thousands of children are living in want
want verb
e ADV badly, desperately, really | just, only, simply 7
just want you to be happy | genuinely, truly If you truly
want to help, just do as I say | always Thanks for the
present—it’s just what Ive always wanted
e PHRASES all you want All I want is the truth exact-
ly/just what you want
War noun
e ADJ long, short | bloody | all-out, full-scale, total
Six years of total war had left no citizen untouched |
limited | holy, just | civil, global, world | air, guerrilla |
atomic, nuclear | cold | economic, _ trade | price |
class
e VERB + WAR bein, fight in My grandfather fought in
two world wars | fight, make, wage The two countries
fought a short but bloody war © The Spartans were per-
suaded to make war on Athens © The terrorists were
charged with waging war against the state | win | lose |
declare | go to The country went to war in 1914 | avert,
prevent | be ravaged by
e WAR + VERB approach, loom, threaten | begin,
break out, come, erupt, start | escalate, spread talks to
prevent the war from escalating | continue, drag on, go
on, last, progress, rage (on) The war raged for nearly two
years | come to an end, end
e WAR + NOUN years the shortage of food during the
war years | hero, veteran | chief, leader | casualty, vic-
tim | damage | correspondent the war correspondent of
a daily newspaper | artist, poet | zone | effort Every
available resource went towards the war effort | record
Both candidates have distinguished war records |
wound | crime, criminal | graves, memorial | aims |
damages, reparations | baby, bride, widow | booty |
cry, dance | machine the Soviet war machine
e PREP at~acountry at war between the~s (= between
the First and Second World Wars), in (a/the) ~ killed in
war © He took part in the Vietnam War | ~ against/with
the war against the French © a war against drug abuse
~ between war between Iran and Iraq ~on The US de-
clared war on Japan ~ with a trade war with the United
States
e PHRASES the horrors of war The country had just emerged from the horrors of civil war in a state of war, in time/times of war In times of war, troops were billeted in the mill on a war footing The army had been placed ona war footing the brink of war The crisis took Europe to the brink of war the outbreak of war At the outbreak of war, most children were evacuated to the countryside a theatre
of war These aircraft are designed to take troops and weapons to any theatre of war in the shortest time possible
a war of attrition
ward noun
e ADJ open, surgical, etc
e VERB + WARD be admitted to He was admitted to the casualty ward | be discharged from
e WARD + NOUN nurse, sister, staff | round The doctor was doing her morning ward round
e PREP in a/the~ She spent five days in the maternity ward on the~ How many midwives are on the ward?
public | private | hospital | maternity,
warden noun
e ADJ chief, head | deputy | church, college, prison | park | game He is chief game warden of the Masai Mara game reserve in Kenya | traffic | dog
= Note at JOB
wardrobe noun
1 large cupboard for clothes
e ADJ built-in, fitted | double | walk-in
e VERB + WARDROBE open | close
e WARDROBE + NOUN door
e PREP in a/the~ She hung the dress up in the wardrobe
2 sb's collection of clothes
e ADJ new | extensive | autumn, spring, etc
e VERB + WARDROBE have | buy J want to buy a whole new summer wardrobe
warehouse noun
e@ ADJ 30 000sqft, etc | bonded The whisky was taken
to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee | distribution, re-
tail, wholesale | furniture, goods, grain, whisky, etc |
abandoned, derelict, disused | dockside, riverside
e VERB + WAREHOUSE burn down
e WAREHOUSE + VERB burndown e@ WAREHOUSE + NOUN foreman, manager, _ staff, worker He’s a warehouse foreman for a removals firm
wares noun
e ADJ ceramic, metal, etc | domestic, household
e VERB + WARES sell | hawk, peddle, shout, show
(off) street traders hawking their wares
warfare noun
e ADJ open Rivalry between football fans developed into open warfare | conventional, modern | biological, chemical, germ, nuclear | class, gang, internecine, tri- bal | guerrilla, siege, trench | aerial, air, naval, sub-
marine | jungle, mountain | economic, ideological,
psychological a subtle form of psychological warfare
e VERB + WARFARE engagein
e PREP ~against warfare against other tribes ~between warfare between gangs
warm verb
e ADV thoroughly | gently | gradually, slowly | rapid-
ly, soon We soon warmed up in front of the fire | sudden-
ly His voice suddenly warmed | through, up Return the bowl to the heat to warm through
Trang 4warm adj
1 at a fairly high temperature
e VERBS be, feel, look | get, grow How can we get warm? © She felt her face grow warm at his remarks | keep, stay She tries to keep warm by sitting right next to the fire © The bread should stay warm for at least half an hour | keep sb/sth These will keep your feet warm | serve sth Bake for 15 minutes and serve warm with Greek
yogurt
e ADV exceptionally, extremely, particularly, really,
very | almost Jt was a mild day, almost warm | just Add
the soured cream and cook, stirring, until just warm |
faintly, pretty, quite, reasonably, relatively, slightly |
enough, sufficiently Are you sure you’ll be warm enough
dressed like that? | beautifully, blissfully, comfortably,
deliciously, pleasantly, wonderfully sliding further down into the blissfully warm bed | uncomfortably The room seemed uncomfortably warm | surprisingly | unseasonably, unusually The night air was soft and unseasonably warm
e PHRASES nice (and) warm Come and havea nice warm drink by the fire ¢ That jacket looks nice and warm
2 friendly
e VERBS be,sound | become
e ADV exceptionally, extremely, immensely, marvel- lously, really, very an immensely warm and friendly per-
son | genuinely | surprisingly
warmth noun
1a fairly high temperature
e ADJ comfortable, delicious, enveloping, glowing, pleasant, seductive, welcome He moved towards the se- ductive warmth of the fire | gentle the gentle warmth of the autumn sun | bodily, body This clothing maintains your body warmth
e VERB + WARMTH feel She could feel the warmth of the
child’s hand in her own | bask in, enjoy, revel in We lay
on the beach, basking in the warmth of the hot sun | add (figurative) Autumn colours add warmth to a room
@ WARMTH + VERB spread She sat by the fire and felt the warmth spread through her body
e PREP for~ They found the children huddled together for warmth | ~from warmth from the radiator
e ADV firmly | clearly | bluntly The chancellor bluntly warned the Cabinet to axe public spending or face higher taxes | sternly | softly ‘Don’t,’ he warned softly | spe- cifically We were specifically warned against buying the house | duly Having been duly warned that I would get nowhere with my application, I went right ahead and ap- plied anyway | constantly, repeatedly My mother con- stantly warned me not to go into teaching | publicly
e VERB + WARN had better, have to, must, should J must warn you that some of these animals are extremely dangerous © I thought I should warn her about it | try to
I did try to warn you | fail to She claimed doctors had failed to warn her of the risks involved
@ PREP about No one had warned us about the unbear- able heat against We were warned against drinking the local water of The report warns of the dangers of smoking
© They warned us of the risks involved
@ PHRASES be warned You will get better—but be warned, it may be a long process
warning noun
e ADJ awful, dire, grim, ominous, stark, stern, strong There were dire warnings about the dangers of watching too much TV, | urgent | adequate, advance, ample, due, early, fair, prior I need advance warning of how many people to cater for | clear, direct | coded The explosion came 20 minutes after a coded warning to police | initial | final The referee fave him a final warning | formal, gov- ernment, official | salutary, timely, useful The team’s defeat is a salutary warning before the World Cup | friendly | veiled Her words sounded like a veiled warn- ing | audible, visual There is an audible warning whena certain speed is exceeded | verbal, written His employers have placed him on final written warning | air-raid, bomb, fire, flood, gale, hazard, storm There are 39 severe flood warnings on 22 rivers across the country | health, safety Every cigarette packet carries a health warning
e VERB + WARNING give (sb), issue The police have is- sued a warning about pickpockets | shout (out), sound The sirens sound a warning when fighter planes are sight-
ed © The strike sounded a warning to all employers in the industry | reiterate, repeat | be, serve as Let this be a warning to you not to trespass on my land again! © What happened to him should serve as a warning to all dishon- est politicians | get, receive | ignore | heed They failed
to heed a warning about the dangerous currents in the river
e WARNING + VERB come The warning came just min- utes before the bomb exploded | sound On 2 April 1916 air-raid warnings sounded throughout Edinburgh
e WARNING + NOUN notice, sign Red marks on the skin may be a warning sign for this disease | bell, device, light, signal, system
e PREP in~ The dog growled in warning as we ap- proached without ~ He left his wife without warning |
~ about a warning about teaching children to swim
~ against a warning against complacency ~ of They sent
us fair warning of their arrival ~to The police issued a warning to all drug users in the city
e PHRASES a word of warning He gave us a word of warning about going out alone at night
e WARRANT + NOUN card
e PHRASES without a~ Jn certain circumstances, police may enter premises without a warrant | ~for
warranty noun
e ADJ general | specific We can not give a specific war- ranty for the work done on your property | six-month, two-year, year’s, etc
e VERB + WARRANTY give, provide | come with The
computer comes with a year’s warranty on all parts
@ WARRANTY + VERB cover sth Corrosion is not covered by the warranty | expire, run out
e WARRANTY + NOUN period | claim
e PREP under ~ Js your car still under warranty? |
Trang 5865 waste
~ against ø warranty against storm damage ~ on The
warranty on my watch ran out just before it broke
e PHRASES breach of warranty He took legal action
against the company for breach of warranty
e VERB + WARSHIP build | command | lose Germany
lost two warships during this attack
e PREP aboard/on/on board a~ He is serving on a war-
ship in the Pacific
wary adj
e VERBS be, feel, look, seem | become, get, grow | re-
main | make sb The strange look in his eyes made me
wary of accepting his offer
e ADV decidedly, deeply, extremely, very | increas-
ingly | a bit, a little, rather, slightly | instinctively |
suddenly Paula frowned, suddenly wary
e PREP about Be wary about these so-called special
offers of You should be very wary of people offering cheap
tickets
e PHRASES keep a wary eye on sb/sth (often figurative)
The Venetians knew to keep a wary eye on Spanish imper-
ial ambitions
wash noun
e ADJ good | quick | car
e VERB + WASH have He had a quick wash and shave |
do I’m doing a dark wash (= washing all the dark clothes
together) | could do with, need That car could do witha
good wash
e PREP in the ~ (= being washed or waiting to be
washed) Your shirt’s in the wash
wash verb
e ADV carefully, properly, thoroughly | gently She gen-
tly washed and dressed the wound | quickly
e PHRASES freshly/newly washed the smell of freshly
washed hair
washing noun
1 cleaning sth with water
e ADJ frequent shampoo for frequent washing | hand I
have quite a bit of hand washing to do
e VERB + WASHING do
e WASHING + NOUN powder
2clothes
e ADJ dirty
® QUANT line A line of washing fluttered in the breeze
pile piles of dirty washing
e VERB + WASHING hang out, put out Have you got any
pegs so Ican hang the washing out?
e WASHING + NOUN line
washing machine noun
e ADJ automatic
e@ VERB + WASHING MACHINE load | empty, unload |
run How often do you run your washing machine?
e PREP in/into a/the~
e WASP + VERB fly, crawl | sting sb | buzz
e WASP + NOUN sting
e PHRASES awasp’s nest
wastage noun
e ADJ excessive, high | natural Voluntary redundan-
cies and natural wastage will cut staff numbers to the re- quired level | muscle Patients need exercise to prevent muscle wastage
e VERB + WASTAGE avoid, prevent | minimize | cut
down on, reduce | increase | allow for Buy more paper than you need to allow for wastage
waste noun
1 missing an opportunity to do/use sth
e ADJ absolute, complete, total, utter The whole thing has been a complete waste of time | colossal, great, tre- mendous | awful, criminal, senseless, shocking, ter- rible a criminal waste of public money | needless, un- necessary, useless | tragic a tragic waste of human life
| expensive | conspicuous
e VERB + WASTE goto /fnobody comes all this food will
go to waste | cause | avoid Try to avoid unnecessary waste | cut down on, reduce | minimize
© PREP ~ofawaste of energy/resources
2 unwanted substances/things
e ADJ dangerous, harmful, hazardous, poisonous, toxic a dump containing hazardous waste | non-toxic | high-level, intermediate-level, low-level | recyclable | agricultural, commercial, industrial | domestic, house- hold, kitchen All household waste should be disposed of in strong garbage bags | clinical, hospital, medical | nu-
clear, radioactive | chemical | plastic | organic | ani- mal, human | garden, plant | municipal | liquid, solid |
food, energy
e VERB + WASTE produce Tonnes of waste are pro- duced every year | dispose of, dump, get rid of More people are dumping waste illegally | clean up the highly expensive task of cleaning up toxic waste | burn, inciner- ate an incinerator for burning hospital waste | bury, store | process, treat facilities for processing radioactive waste | recycle, reprocess | deal with, handle, manage the best solutions for managing waste | cut down on, re- duce | eliminate | export, import Industrialized coun- tries continue to export their waste
e WASTE + VERB contaminate sth, pollute sth areas contaminated by industrial waste
e WASTE + NOUN collection | burial, disposal, incin- eration | storage | processing, recycling, reprocess- ing, treatment a waste reprocessing plant | management
| minimization, reduction | bin | dump, site, tip The river was used for years as an industrial waste dump | outlet, pipe | imports a ban on waste imports
3 wastes areas of ground not lived in or cultivated
e ADJ frozen, icy the frozen wastes of Antarctica
waste verb
e ADV (not) entirely, (not) totally Jn the end her efforts were not entirely wasted | just, simply You’re just wast- ing your breath She never listens | largely
e VERB + WASTE can’t afford to, not want to He didn’t want to waste valuable time in idle gossip | be/seem a shame to /t seems a shame to waste this good food | not
be going to [7m not going to waste any more time on the problem
Trang 6watch 866
e PREP on Don’t waste your money on a hotel room
e PHRASES no time to waste Hurry up—there’s no time
to waste!
watch noun
1 instrument for telling the time
e ADJ digital | fob, pocket, wrist (also wristwatch) | sports
e VERB + WATCH check, consult, glance at, look at | put back/forward We put our watches forward eight hours before landing in Tokyo | set Don’t forget to set your watch to local time | wind Quartz watches don’t need
winding | have on, wear | put on | take off
e WATCH + VERB go My watch is ten years old and it’s still going | stop Sorry I’m late—my watch has stopped |
be slow, lose sth My watch loses a minute each day | be fast, gain sth | say sth My watch says three o’clock
e WATCH + NOUN face | band (also watchband), strap
2 guard
e ADJ careful, close J kept a close watch on my bag as I
sat on the train | constant, round-the-clock | night
e VERB + WATCH keep, stand Two soldiers were ordered to keep watch for enemy aircraft | put The gar- rison commander had put an extra watch on the prisoners
e WATCH + NOUN committee | tower
e PREP on~ Some of the crew were sleeping, while others were on watch on the ~ for Cats are constantly on the watch for mice or other small mammals
watch verb
e ADV carefully, closely, intently She watched the man
closely to see where he would go | idly | impassively,
numbly | anxiously, helplessly, warily She watched helplessly as her husband was dragged away | open- mouthed | covertly | in silence, silently | just J love just watching the world go by
e VERB + WATCH could only They could only watch in silence as their possessions were taken away | continue
to | pause to, stop to They stopped to watch the proces- sion go by | love to | let sb He let me watch while he as- sembled the model | make sb The women were made to watch while their children were slaughtered
e PREP for We watched for any sign of change in the wea- ther from They watched from an upstairs window in She watched in astonishment as he smashed the machine to pieces with He watched with great interest how she coaxed the animals towards her
e PHRASES sit/stand and watch She stood and watched
them walk off down the road
watchdog noun
e ADJ consumer | financial, health, industry, pollu- tion, safety | government, independent, official
e VERB + WATCHDOG actas, be
e WATCHDOG + NOUN body, group, role
e@ PREP ~for a consumer watchdog for transport ~ on the government's official watchdog on nature conservation
~ over The committee acts as an independent watchdog over government spending
treacherous for drivers | drinking | tap Avoid drinking the tap water when you first arrive in the country | bot-
tled, mineral, spring | waste | scarce
@ QUANT drop
e VERB + WATER drink | pour | slosh, spill, splash, spray, sprinkle, spurt, squirt Don’t slosh too much water
on the floor when you’re having a bath © The burst pipe
was spurting water everywhere | filter, purify | contam-
inate, pollute | turn off/on They turned the water off for a few hours to do some work on the pipes
e WATER + VERB flow, pour, run | gush, spurt Brown water gushed out of the rusty old tap | drip, trickle There was water dripping from a hole in the ceiling | lap, slosh, spill, splash, spray, squirt Water had got into the boat and was sloshing about under our feet | boil, freeze
e WATER + NOUN vapour | temperature | pressure | supply | resources | quality | purification, treatment
| filter | pollution | shortage | level | table Building can be difficult where the water table lies close to the sur- face | power | company, industry
e PHRASES water-repellent water-repellent water-resistant a water-resistant watch
leather
2 mass of water
e ADJ deep, shallow | clear | muddy, murky, stag- nant | calm, placid, still the calm waters of Lake Como | choppy, rough, stormy | dangerous, safe At last the boat reached safer waters | flood The flood water had caused tremendous damage | rising They climbed a tree
to escape the rising water | bathing
e WATER + NOUN Sports e@ PREP by~ Many goods were transported by water in the last century in the~ I saw something large floating in the water on the~ The swan landed gracefully on the water through the~ The boat cut effortlessly through the water under the ~ An abandoned village lies under the water of the reservoir
e PHRASES the water’s edge She crouched at the water’s edge to wash her hands
3 waters sea
e ADJ territorial | coastal | tropical | northern, southern | Antarctic, Arctic | Atlantic, Pacific, etc | home, foreign, international | Japanese, etc | un- charted The ship had drifted into uncharted waters
e PREP in/into ~ The submarine had strayed into Rus- sian waters
watershed noun
e ADJ important, major, significant | cultural, histor- ical, political
e VERB + WATERSHED be, mark, represent | reach
e WATERSHED + VERB divide sth Darwin’s theory of evolution was a watershed dividing the old way of think- ing from the new
e PREP ~between The 19th century marked a watershed between the country’s agricultural past and its industrial future ~for The granting of the vote represented a water- shed for the rights of women ~in With the strike, a histor- ical watershed in the development of the trade union move- ment was reached
wave noun
10n water
e ADJ big, enormous, giant, great, huge, mountainous
Trang 7867 way
| small, tiny | white-capped, white-crested, white-
topped | breaking | tidal Several villages have been des-
troyed by a huge tidal wave
e VERB + WAVE ride Surfers flocked to the beach to ride
the waves
e WAVE + VERB rise | break, fall We watched the waves
breaking on the shore | lap the gentle sound of waves lap-
ping the sand | crash, roar, smash I could hear the waves
crash against the rocks
e WAVE + NOUN energy, power
e PREP in the~s children playing in the waves on the~s
There were seagulls bobbing on the waves
e@ PHRASES the crash/crashing/lap/lapping of the
waves, the crest of a wave (often figurative) She is on
the crest of a wave at the moment following her Olympic
success
2 movement of energy
e ADJ electromagnetic, light, radio, seismic, shock,
sound
e VERB + WAVE emit, generate | deflect
e WAVE + VERB bounce off sth, travel Sound waves
bounce off objects in their path
3 increase/spread
e ADJ big, enormous, huge, massive | fresh, new,
next, recent | first, second, etc the first wave of immi-
gration in the 1950s | crime
e VERB + WAVE send Hearing the tune again sent
waves of longing through her
e WAVE + VERB sweep (over) sth, wash over/through
sb/sth With the fall of the Bastille in 1789, a wave of eu-
phoria swept over Europe > A wave of relief washed over
him as he saw that the children were safe
e PREP ~ofa big wave of refugees
4hand movement
e ADJ quick | cheery, friendly | farewell, parting
e VERB + WAVE give (sb), return J returned his wave
and started to walk towards him
e PREP with a~ | ~ of He dismissed her thanks with a
quick wave of the hand
wave verb
e ADV gently reeds waving gently in the breeze | vigor-
ously | cheerfully, cheerily, happily | frantically, wildly
They stood by the side of the road and waved frantically |
vaguely He waved a hand vaguely in the air | dismis-
sively | about/around, aside, back, on, through She
waved cheerfully and he waved back © The guards waved
us on
e VERB + WAVE turn and/to He turned to wave to his
mother
e@ PREP at We waved at the people on the shore to They
waved to us as we passed > She waved him to a seat
e PHRASES wave (sb) goodbye people waving goodbye
to their friends and relatives
wavelength noun
e ADJ long, medium, short | infrared, ultraviolet | vis-
ible | acoustic, radio
e VERB + WAVELENGTH tuneinto
e PREP ona/the~ Radio One has broadcast on this wave-
length for years
way noun
1 method/style
e ADJ convenient, easy, effective, efficient, good,
ideal, practical, quick, useful The best way to open it is
with pliers | appropriate, proper, right | wrong | nor-
mal | traditional | obvious | important The most im-
portant way to stop accidental drownings is by education
| subtle There is no subtle way to tell someone that you no
longer want them | possible They’ve explored every pos-
sible way of dealing with the problem | alternative, dif- ferent | similar | new | old | funny, mysterious, odd, strange God works in mysterious ways | hard He learned about the dangers of drugs the hard way | friendly | win- ning The team got back to their winning ways with a 2-1 victory
e QUANT number There are a number of ways to over- come this problem
e VERB + WAY have Fate has a way of changing the best
of plans | get into, get out of The women had got into the way of going up on the deck every evening | explore, look
at to look at ways of improving language teaching | de-
velop, devise, find | change, mend Your father is unlike-
ly to change his ways now | be set in Grandma is so set in her ways
e PREP ina/the~ Can I help you in any way?
e PHRASES ina big way He then started spending money ina big way in every way They’re different in every way
in more ways than one They’re alike in more ways than one in its/your own way He was attractive in his own way
a kind/sort of way He was a handsome man in a sinister sort of way (in) one way or another Most people are creative in one way or another a way of life the beliefs and practices of the Hindu way of life ways and means Newspapers have ways and means of getting hold of secret information
We picked our way carefully over the jagged rocks © (fig- urative) She fought her way up to the top of the company | bluff, talk, trick (figurative) She bluffed her way through the exam | lose She lost her way in the fog > (figurative) This project seems to have lost its way | find He couldn’t find a way through the bracken © (figurative) We will eventually find a way out of the crisis | ask (sb) She asked him the way to the station | tell sb | know Do you know the way? | come (figurative) Have any interesting articles come your way recently?
e PREP along the~ We saw a dreadful accident along the way in the/your~ There were several rocks in the way out
of the/your~ Could you please get those boxes out of my way? on the/your~ We stopped for a snack on the way here out of the/your~ The supermarket is a bit out of my way |
~across The way across the fields is longer but pleasanter
~ from, ~ out of Can you tell me the way out of here?
~through The way through the woods is quicker ~ to the easiest way from my house to yours
e PHRASES take the easy way out He took the easy way out and paid someone to write the article for him the way back/down/forward/here/home/in/out/over/there/up We stopped for a drink on the way home
Trang 8| look He looked my way, but didn’t seem to recognize me
e PHRASES the way round/up Try it the other way round © Which way up does this box go?
4 distance in space/time
e ADJ long | little, short
e VERB + WAY come, go We had to go a long way before
we found a telephone box o (figurative) The study of genes has come a long way in recent years
e PREP ~from, ~to It’s quite a way from my house to the
e PHRASES all the way This bus doesn’t go all the way so you'll have to change quite a/some way, a way ahead/away/off Your birthday is still some way off
weak adj
e VERBS appear, be, feel, look, seem, sound | become,
go | remain | leave sb, make sb When the spasm passed,
it left him weak and sweating
e ADV decidedly, extremely, fundamentally, particu- larly, very | a bit, comparatively, fairly, pretty, quite, ra- ther, relatively | curiously He complained of feeling curi- ously weak and faint | surprisingly | dangerously | lamentably | suddenly Her legs felt suddenly weak | in- herently The judge decided the evidence was inherently weak and inconsistent | economically, mentally, mili- tarily, physically, politically
e@ PREP at She’s rather weak at maths from She was weak from shock in He’s weak in English on The essay was a bit weak on detail with He was weak with hunger:
e PHRASES weak at the knees His sudden smile made her go weak at the knees
weaken verb
e ADV considerably, greatly, seriously, severely, sig- nificantly, substantially | fatally The regime was fatally weakened by the unrest and violence | further | slightly, somewhat | gradually, progressively Central authority has been progressively weakened since the outbreak of the civil war | permanently
e VERB + WEAKEN begin to | serve to The division of Germany had served to weaken the party | tend to | be designed to an unusual move designed to weaken the rebels
weakness noun
1 lack of strength
e ADJ big, fundamental, great, major, serious, signifi- cant | small | physical | structural | personal | mus- cular | political | apparent, perceived exploiting apparent weaknesses in the system | inherent | human
e VERB + WEAKNESS have, suffer from | cause, cre- ate | exploit | assess, identify | highlight, point out,
reveal | minimize, overcome
e WEAKNESS + VERB be, lie The greatest weakness of the scheme lies in its lack of government support
e PREP ~in Service conditions soon revealed the inherent weaknesses in the vehicle’s design
e PHRASES a moment of weakness Jn a moment of weakness I let him drive my car a sign of weakness He saw compromise as a sign of weakness strengths and weaknesses The appraisal system seeks to assess employ- ees’ strengths and weaknesses
2 liking for sth/sb
e ADJ real
e VERB + WEAKNESS have I’ve got a real weakness for
chocolate | develop | overcome
e PREP ~for He worries a lot about his weight, but can’t overcome his weakness for fatty foods
wealth noun
1 money, property, etc
e ADJ considerable, enormous, great, untold, vast |
growing, increasing | economic, financial, material, mineral, natural The country’s strong economy was built
on its mineral wealth © The region possesses a vast nat- ural wealth, particularly of timber | national, personal, private
e VERB + WEALTH have, possess | accumulate, ac- quire, inherit | lose He lost his wealth through poor in- vestment | create
e PHRASES a distribution/redistribution of wealth a re- distribution of wealth through taxation
2a wealth ofa lot of
e ADJ enormous, whole
e VERB + WEALTH have Switzerland has an enormous wealth of beautiful old buildings
e@ PREP of ~Sheisa woman of untold wealth
wealthy adj
e VERBS be, look | become, grow
e ADV enormously, exceedingly, exceptionally, ex- tremely, fabulously, immensely, incredibly, seriously (informal), very He is now fabulously wealthy | com- paratively, fairly, quite, reasonably, relatively wean verb
e ADV gradually
e VERB + WEAN attemptto, try to
e PREP (away) from trying to wean her away from gam- bling off They have gradually weaned him off the drugs onto weaning a baby onto solid food
weapon noun
e ADJ deadly, lethal, potent, powerful He was charged with assault with a deadly weapon | effective, useful | heavy, light The assault forces used heavy weapons, in- cluding anti-tank rockets and mortars | automatic | atomic, biological, chemical, nuclear | offensive, stra- tegic, tactical She pleaded guilty to carrying an offensive weapon © a ban on the use of tactical nuclear weapons | murder | ultimate (often figurative) The workers’ ultim- ate weapon was the strike | secret (often figurative) The team’s secret weapon was their new young defender
e VERB + WEAPON be armed with, carry, have | de- ploy, fire, use | use sth as (often figurative) She used hu-
mour and wit as weapons against her enemies | aim,
1 use as clothing
e ADJ everyday, weekend | summer, winter
e PREP in~ Silk shirts always feel soft and light in wear with ~ New shoes usually get more comfortable with wear
e PHRASES years of wear This is a quality garment which should give years of wear
2clothes e@ ADJ day, evening | designer, fashion | casual, leis-
ure, outdoor | bridal, maternity | children’s, men’s, women’s
3 long use
e ADJ hard, heavy
Trang 9869 website
e VERB + WEAR withstand This flooring can withstand
years of hard wear
e@ PREP with~ The stairs had become slippery with
wear
e PHRASES centuries, years, etc of wear The cathedral
steps were polished smooth by centuries of wear:
4 damage caused by long use
e ADJ excessive | engine, tyre, etc
e VERB + WEAR show The tyres were beginning to show
wear | cause | minimize, reduce
e WEAR + NOUN pattern the analysis of wear patterns
on prehistoric stone tools | guarantee The flooring comes
with a 20-year wear guarantee
e PREP ~on This new oil reduces wear on the engine
e PHRASES signs of wear, wear and tear
wear verb
1 have a piece of clothing on
e ADV proudly proudly wearing their uniforms
e VERB + WEAR tend to/tend to wear a jacket to work |
refuse to She refused to wear prison clothes | forbid sb to
| be entitled to He is entitled to wear the regimental tie
2 last for a long time
e ADV badly, well Those curtains have worn very weil
weariness noun
e ADJ great | sheer, utter | war
e VERB + WEARINESS succumb to She succumbed to
weariness and went to bed
e WEARINESS + VERB overtake sb, overwhelm sb
e@ PREP with~ J had slept badly and felt numb with
weariness in~ His eyes were half closing in weariness |
~in He detected a note of weariness in her voice
weary adj
e VERBS be, feel, look, seem, sound | become, grow
Ive grown rather weary of all your excuses
e ADV very | almost His voice sounded almost weary |
a bit, a little, rather She looks a little weary
e@ PREP of The people are weary of war
weather noun
e ADJ beautiful, excellent, fair, fine, glorious, good,
ideal, lovely, perfect, superb | adverse, appalling, atro-
cious, awful, bad, dismal, dreadful, foul, gloomy, grim,
inclement, inhospitable, lousy, miserable, nasty, rotten,
rough, terrible, vile, wretched | hot, humid, muggy, sul-
try, warm | mild | bright, clear, sunny | calm | dry |
reliable, settled | changeable, fickle, uncertain, unpre-
dictable, unsettled | extreme, fierce, harsh, severe, vio-
lent, wild | bitter, cold, freezing, frosty, icy, wintry |
cool | cloudy, grey | damp, rainy, wet | foggy | blus-
tery, stormy, windy | unseasonable/unseasonal,
unseasonably/unseasonally a spell of unseasonally
wet weather
e QUANT spell
e VERB + WEATHER brave Deciding to brave the wea-
ther, he grabbed his umbrella and went out
e WEATHER + VERB Clear (up), improve, let up, warm
up We'll go just as soon as this weather lets up | hold out,
keep up /f the weather holds out we could go swimming
later | threaten Bad weather threatened | break, deteri-
orate, worsen /t was warm and sunny until the weekend,
but then the weather broke | become sth, get sth, turn
sth Next day the weather turned cold | remain sth, stay
sth | close in, set in The weather closed in and the climb-
ers had to take shelter © I wanted to mend the roof before
the cold weather set in | allow, permit J sat outside as
often as the weather allowed © We’re having a barbecue
next Saturday, weather permitting (You cannot say
‘weather allowing’.) | prevent sth Stormy weather pre- vented any play in today’s tennis | change
e WEATHER + NOUN conditions The plane crashed into
the sea in adverse weather conditions | patterns, system
the effects of global warming on the world’s weather pat- terns © The Atlantic weather systems had been kind | forecast, report | data, records | satellite, station | chart, map
e PHRASES a change in the weather We hadn't bar- gained for such a dramatic change in the weather in all weathers The lifeboat crews go out in all weathers the va-
garies of the weather She packed all kinds of clothes to
cope with the vagaries of the English weather whatever the weather He swims in the sea every day, whatever the weather
weather verb
1 pass safely through sth
e ADV successfully, well Their company had weathered the recession well
e VERB + WEATHER manage to (figurative) The com- pany has managed to weather the storm
2 change in appearance because of the sun/air/wind
e ADV badly Some of the stone has weathered quite badly
weave verb
e ADV specially The carpet was specially woven to com- memorate the 1 000th anniversary of the cathedral’s foun- dation | skilfully (often figurative) Hall skilfully weaves the historical research into a gripping narrative | inex- tricably, intricately (both figurative) The whisky is inex- tricably woven into Scotland’s history, customs and cul- ture | together weaving the threads together
e PREP froma basket woven from strips of willow into A pattern is woven into the fabric
e ADJ complex, complicated, intricate, tangled
e VERB + WEB create, form, weave The mass media forms a web of communications | be drawn into More and more people were drawn into his web of deceit
e PHRASES a web of deceit/deception, a web of in- trigue, a web of relationships
3 the Web on the Internet
e VERB + WEB access | browse, surf
e WEB + NOUN page | browser, _ server | resource,
service | network, ring | design, development | pub- lishing | designer, developer, editor, host, master (also webmaster), user | directory, guide, index | access | tool
@ PREP onthe~ Jfound this survey on the Web
= Special page at COMPUTER
website noun
e ADJ Internet | official, unofficial the official website
of Liverpool FC | comedy, commercial, company, edu- cation/educational, golf, news, personal, travel, etc
e VERB + WEBSITE look for, search for | access,
browse, check out, log into/onto, look at, visit | search
I was searching this history website for something about Alexander the Great | bookmark | have | build, create, design, develop, make, set up We show you how to make your own website in ten simple steps | launch | upload | host, maintain, run, update
© WEBSITE + VERB be/go down There were so many vis- itors to the website that it went down
e WEBSITE + NOUN address, URL | designer
Trang 10e ADJ church, registry office | royal | white
e VERB + WEDDING attend, come to, go to | arrange | invite sb to | conduct The wedding will be conducted by the local vicar
e WEDDING + VERB take place The royal wedding will take place in June
e WEDDING + NOUN day, _ night | invitation | plans,
preparations | date We haven’t set a wedding date yet | dress, gown | clothes, outfit, suit | band, ring She hada
plain wedding band on her third finger | finger a ring on her wedding finger | breakfast, feast | ceremony, ser-
vice | vows | procession | party, reception | celebra-
tions | speech | cake | gift, present | list We were choosing what present to buy from the wedding list they’d
sent | group, guests, party | album, photographs,
video | anniversary | bells (figurative) After going out with her boyfriend for a year, she started talking about wedding bells
@ PREP ata/the~/ met her at my brother’s wedding
wedge verb
e ADV firmly, tightly
e PREP against, behind, between, into, under She wedged a chair firmly under the door handle
e PHRASES wedge sth in place/position, wedge sth open/shut Someone had wedged the door open with a brick
Wednesday noun
= Note at DAY wee noun
e VERB + WEE do, have, take | be bursting for, need, want Mummy, I need a wee | go for ’'m going for a wee
weed noun
e ADJ annual, perennial | aquatic, pond, water
e VERB + WEED Kill | clear, pull up, remove | control, keep down, keep under control Routine maintenance of the garden consists of keeping weeds under control
e VERB + WEED grow, spread | push up, spring up There were weeds pushing up through the gravel
e WEED + NOUN control | killer (also weedkiller) | growth | seed, seedling
week noun
e ADJ last, past | previous | coming, following, next | consecutive, successive They won 1-0 for the fourth con- secutive week | entire, full, whole It’s the first time for ages I've done a full week’s work | working | busy, hard
| quiet It’s been a very quiet week for me | 3-day, 40- hour, etc He earns enough money to work a four-day week
e VERB + WEEK spend We spent two weeks in France last summer | take
e WEEK + VERB elapse, go by, pass The week passed very slowly
e PREP by the~ They’re paid by the week during/in the~
Igo out most weekends, but rarely during the week for a~ I haven't seen him for weeks in a~ We'll be back in a week
in~s It hasn’t rained in weeks over/under a~ It’s over a week since she rang me per~ How much do you earn per week?within a/the ~ [ll have the report finished within the next couple of weeks
e PHRASES aday of the week Which day of the week was
it?
weekend zoun
e ADJ long I took Friday off, and spent a long weekend
visiting friends | wet It will be a wet weekend for much of
England and Wales
e VERB + WEEKEND spend
e WEEKEND + NOUN break, trip, visit | home, retreat
@ PREP atthe~ What are you doing at the weekend? at~s
What do you usually do at weekends? over the ~ The office
is closed over the weekend
e PHRASES a weekend away/off weep verb
e ADV copiously | loudly | quietly, silently | openly,
unashamedly The people wept openly when his death was announced | bitterly | inconsolably, uncontrollably His grandmother was weeping uncontrollably | almost | alittle
e VERB + WEEP begin to, start to | wantto | make sb
e PREP at He wanted to weep at the unfairness of it all for
I felt I could have wept for joy © weeping for someone who has died over We had wept over the death of our parents with She almost wept with happiness
e PHRASES break down and weep Several of the soldiers broke down and wept weep and wail The mourners fol- lowed the funeral procession, weeping and wailing weep buckets (informal) (= weep a lot)
e ADV heavily, strongly
e PREP against His untidy appearance weighed against him in favour of This fact weighed heavily in her favour with His evidence weighed strongly with the judge
weight noun
1 amount sth weighs
e ADJ considerable, enormous, great, heavy, im- mense | light | gross, net | average, mean | sheer (fig- urative) The sheer weight of visitors is destroying this tourist attraction
e VERB + WEIGHT bear, carry, support The arch bears the weight of the bridge above | bend/buckle/col- lapse/crack/sag/shift/sink beneath/under, give way be- neath/under Many buildings collapsed under the weight
of rain-soaked ash and mud © (figurative) He was buckl- ing under the weight of his responsibilities | crush sb beneath/under | creak/groan beneath/under She tried
to be quiet, but the stairs creaked under her weight | stag- ger/strain beneath/under The boy was staggering be- neath the weight of a pile of boxes
e PREP in~Itis about 76 kilos in weight
2 weight of sb’s body
e ADJ low | ideal, right | excess, surplus | target J should soon be down to my target weight of 70 kilos |
body | birth babies with a low birth weight
e VERB + WEIGHT watch J won’t have any cake—I have
to watch my weight | gain, put on | lose, reduce, shed
He’s lost a lot of weight | keep down | bear, carry, hold, support, stand, take IJ was worried that the branch
wouldn’t take my weight | put, rest The doctor told me not to put my weight on this ankle for a month | shift, transfer He nervously shifted his weight from foot to foot | distribute Stand with your legs apart and your weight
Trang 11871 well-being
evenly distributed | hurl, throw He threw his weight at welcome verb
the door and it burst open
e WEIGHT + VERB go up, increase | go down, de-
crease, drop, fall, plummet, plunge | fluctuate People’s
body weight can fluctuate during the day
e@ WEIGHT + NOUN gain, loss | control | problem
3 piece of metal
e ADJ heavy, large | light
e VERB + WEIGHT lift She did circuit training and lifted
weights to build her fitness
e@ WEIGHT + NOUN lifting, training
e PHRASES weights and measures
4heavy object
e ADJ heavy | dead With difficulty she managed to pull
his dead weight onto the bed | leaden (figurative) A lead-
en weight lay on her heart as she waved him goodbye
e VERB + WEIGHT lift Heavy weights should be lifted
with a straight back
5 importance/influence of sth
e ADJ due, sufficient Environmental considerations
were given due weight in making the decision | insuffi-
cient | considerable | sheer How can you ignore the
sheer weight of medical opinion? | economic, financial,
intellectual, political America’s economic weight
e VERB + WEIGHT attach, give, place They attach too
much weight to academic achievement | carry Her opin-
ion seemed to carry little weight in the company | add,
lend The new evidence added considerable weight to the
prosecution’s case © Sir Leon lent his weight to the Tory
campaign yesterday
e PHRASES put/throw your weight behind sth, weight
of numbers The rebels were defeated by sheer weight of
numbers
weighted adj
e VERBS be,seem
e ADV equally The exam consists of six equally weighted
questions | heavily | unfairly
e PREP against This new legislation is unfairly weighted
against the small farmer, in favour of The course is heavily
weighted in favour of engineering towards measures that
are weighted towards small investors
weird adj
e VERBS be, feel, seem, sound / started to feel quite
weird
e ADV really, very | a bit, a little, pretty, quite, rather Jt
all sounds a bit weird to me
e PHRASES weird and wonderful Some of their clothes
were really weird and wonderful
welcome noun
e ADJ big, enthusiastic, friendly, great, rapturous,
rousing, special, tumultuous, warm The audience gave
the band a rousing welcome | broad, general The pro-
posals have been given a broad welcome by green cam-
paigners | cautious, guarded, qualified | cool, cold,
chilly | official | hero’s She got a hero’s welcome on her
return from the Olympics
© VERB + WELCOME get, receive | extend, give sb |
await A warm welcome awaits you at this family-run
hotel | outstay/overstay your Sensing that he had out-
stayed his welcome, he quickly said his goodbyes and left
e@ PREP in~ She held out her arms in welcome | ~ from
The proposal received a cautious welcome from the Oppos-
ition ~to A big welcome to our special guest, Sir James
Greenan © They received a cold welcome to their new
home
e PHRASES a smile of welcome, a speech of welcome,
words of welcome
1 greet sb/be pleased sb has come
e ADV heartily, warmly Jf you visit our town you will be warmly welcomed | formally, officially | back The whole family turned out to welcome him back
e VERB + WELCOME be delighted to, be pleased to | prepare to, wait to The school is preparing to welcome the new intake of students
e PREP into He welcomed us into the club to We are de- lighted to welcome you to our firm
e PHRASES look forward to welcoming sb, welcome sb with open arms They welcomed the new volunteers with open arms (= with enthusiasm)
2 be pleased about sth and support it
e ADV enthusiastically, particularly, greatly, warmly Many companies have warmly welcomed these changes in legislation | positively We positively welcome applica- tions from all sections of the community | broadly | cau- tiously Foreign bankers and economists cautiously wel- comed the minister’s initiative | initially
e PHRASES be generally/universally/widely welcomed The proposals have been widely welcomed
ly, quite You are perfectly welcome to stay here: Ican’t offer five-star accommodation, that’s all | not at all, not en- tirely He made it plain that Holman’s interest in his busi- ness affairs was not at all welcome | always Visitors are always welcome
@ PREP to New members are welcome to the club
welfare noun
1 good health and happiness
e ADJ animal, child, community, employee, family, personal, student people concerned about child welfare
e VERB + WELFARE improve, promote The govern- ment’s policies will promote the welfare of all citizens
2 money, etc from the government
e ADJ state
e WELFARE + NOUN state the provision of services such
as health through the welfare state | agency, authorities, department, programme, provision, services, system | officer, worker | clinic, facilities | benefits, payments lone parents living on welfare benefits | budget, costs, spending | cuts | fraud, scrounger The new govern- ment promised to clamp down on welfare scroungers
e PREP on~ the number of families on welfare
well noun
1 for water
e ADJ deep, shallow | artesian | holy | wishing
e VERB + WELL dig, sink
e WELL + VERB rundry
ic, financial, material
e VERB + WELL-BEING contribute to, ensure, foster, promote A better water supply would contribute dramat- ically to the villagers’ weil-being | threaten
Trang 12e WHEELCHAIR + NOUN access | user better access for
wheelchair users | athlete
e PREP by~ In town, she gets about by wheelchair: in a/the ~~ It’s hard to get around if you're in a wheelchair
e PHRASES accessible by wheelchair, wheelchair ac- cessible facilities/vehicles, etc
@ PREP with Wet the towel slightly with warm water whereabouts noun wet adj
e VERBS be, feel, look | become, get, turn We got soak- ing wet just going from the car to the house © The weather may turn wet later on in the week | get sth Mind you
e ADJ current, present | unknown The present where- abouts of the manuscript is unknown | exact, precise
e VERB + WHEREABOUTS know She did not say where she was going, and nobody knows her whereabouts
don’t get your feet wet whiff noun
e ADV dripping, extremely, really, soaking, sopping, very His clothes were dripping wet | a bit, a little, quite, rather, slightly It’s still quite wet outside | permanently permanently wet conditions
e PREP with The grass was wet with dew
e PHRASES wet through We were wet through and cold
e PHRASES at the faintest/first/merest whiff of sth (fig- urative) He always retreated emotionally at the first whiff
of conflict
e WHALE + VERB swim | dive | sing | blow (sth) We saw a whale blowing a jet of spray high in the air | breach sth Ahead, the whale breached the surface of the water | beach itself, be washed up
e WHALE + NOUN hunting | meat, oil | stocks man- agement and conservation of whale stocks
wheat noun
e ADJ ripe | cracked, whole | durum | spring, winter
© QUANT ear, grain | bag, sack, sheaf | field
e VERB + WHEAT grow | sow | cut, harvest | thresh
| grind | eat
e WHEAT + VERB grow
@ WHEAT + NOUN harvest | field | flour, germ
e ADJ brief, little, short | fair, good, long, some Things continued quiet for some while
e VERB + WHILE take Ill mend it for you, but it could take a while
e PREP after a~ After a while, I began to get bored with
my job for althe ~ They chatted for a while © There’s no need to do anything for the while in a~ I'll be back ina while
e PHRASES all the while The bird hopped across the lawn, keeping a sharp lookout all the while once in a while Everybody makes a mistake once in a while (= occa- sionally) (for) quite a while He kept me waiting for quite a while a while back The problems started a while back
whim noun wheel noun
10n a bicicyle, car, etc
e ADJ bicycle, car, etc | spare | front | back, rear | nearside | offside | loose, wobbly | alloy
e WHEEL + VERB change, replace A tyre blew and we had to change the wheel
e WHEEL + VERB go round, spin, turn The wheels were still going round © (figurative) The political wheel had turned full circle, and he was back in power | skid, slide, slip He braked suddenly, causing the front wheels to skid | crunch, scream, shriek the sound of wheels crunching over snow | come off, fall off | lock She braked too hard and the wheels locked
e ADJ sudden | slightest The bird’s nest is vulnerable
to the slightest whim of the weather | individual, person-
al | political Funding is subject to political whim
e VERB + WHIM indulge, pander to, satisfy | be sub- ject to, be vulnerable to, depend on | suffer For years she had suffered her husband’s whims
e PREP at(sb’s)~ They seem to be able to change the rules
of the game at whim © Slaves could be bought and sold at the whim of their masters on a~ He bought the jacket ona whim, having seen it by chance in a shop window
e PHRASES your every whim The child’s parents pan- dered to his every whim
e WHEEL + NOUN arch, base, bearings, hub, nut, rim, whimper noun
trim | clamp
e PREP on~s A child was pulling along a little dog on wheels under the~s She fell under the wheels of a bus
2 also steering wheel)
e ADJ little, small | frightened, pathetic
e VERB + WHIMPER give The animal gave a pathetic lit- tle whimper
e VERB + WHEEL grip | turn | take J drove the first 200 whimper lòng miles and then Steve took the wheel
e WHEEL + NOUN lock
e PREP at the~ The bus set off again with a fresh driver
at the wheel behind the ~ J saw the car drive past, but didn’t recognize the woman behind the wheel
wheelchair noun
e ADV softly The dog whimpered softly | pathetically
e VERB + WHIMPER begin to, start to | hear sb
e PREP with The boy was whimpering with pain
e PHRASES whimper like a child He stirred in her arms, whimpering like a child
whine noun
e ADJ electric, motorized, powered
e VERB + WHEELCHAIR use | manoeuvre Anthony e ADJ high, high-pitched | piercing | nasal
Trang 13873 whole
e VERB + WHINE give, let out | hear
e PREP with a~ She spoke witha whine | ~of
e@ PHRASES the whine of a bullet/an engine/a motor
e ADJ driving, riding | bull, horse
e VERB + WHIP crack, flick He cracked the whip and the
horse leapt forward
e VERB + WHIP crack A hound yelped briefly as a whip
cracked
e PHRASES the crack of a whip
whip verb
1 hit sb/sth with a whip
e ADV soundly He was taken back to the jailand soundly
whipped
2 mix sth until it is light and stiff
e ADV gently, lightly Lightly whip the egg whites and
add them to the mixture | up
whirl noun
e ADJ mad The next few days were a mad whirl of par-
ties | social It’s easy to get caught up in the social whirl
e PREP ina~ His mind was ina whirlas he searched fran-
tically for a solution
whisky noun
e ADJ double, large | single, small | stiff | neat,
straight Pll have my whisky straight, please | excellent,
fine, good a fine malt whisky | cheap | bootleg (= il-
legally made) | blended, Irish (spelt whiskey), malt,
Scotch, single-malt
e@ QUANT dash, drop, nip He added a dash of whisky to
his coffee | measure, shot, tot She poured herself a large
totof whisky | bottle, flask, glass, hip-flask, tumbler
e VERB + WHISKY drink Do you drink whisky? | have
He had a whisky on the rocks | pour (sb) | sip | gulp,
swig | down, finish | distil, produce the art of distilling
whisky
e WHISKY + NOUN _ drinker | bottle, decanter | glass,
tumbler | chaser He ordered a beer with a whisky chaser
(= a small glass of whisky drunk after a beer) | busi-
ness, company, distiller, distillery, industry, produc-
tion, sales
e PHRASES whisky on the rocks (= with ice)
whisper noun
e ADJ barely audible, the barest, faint, gentle, hushed,
low, mere/the merest, soft | fierce, harsh | audible,
loud, stage ‘J knew this would happen,’ he said in a stage
whisper (= one that he wanted everyone to hear) |
hoarse, husky, strangled | awed, excited, urgent | con-
fidential, conspiratorial
@ PREP above a~ Their voices were very quiet, hardly
above a whisper in a~ They spoke in whispers
whisper verb
e ADV softly | hoarsely, huskily, thickly | fiercely, ur-
gently ‘Come on,’ he whispered urgently | brokenly,
shakily, unsteadily | angrily, bitterly, furiously | confi-
dentially, conspiratorially | exé¢itedly | almost, half |
back ‘Yes, ’ [whispered back |
e VERB + WHISPER can/could only He could only whis-
per in reply | hear sb She heard him whisper her name
e PREP about J felt that everyone was whispering about
me against ‘Hush,’ he whispered against her hair: through ‘No, ’ he whispered through gritted teeth to ‘Let’s go,’ she whispered to Anne
e PHRASES whisper sth in/into sb’s ear, whisper sweet nothings He held her and whispered sweet nothings in her ear
whistle noun 1small metal/plastic tube that you blow ;
e ADJ dog, factory, police, train | guard’s, referee’s,
etc | steam | penny, tin
e VERB + WHISTLE blow (on), sound A train sounded
its whistle in the distance
e WHISTLE + VERB blow, go, sound The referee’s whis- tle went just before he shot the goal
e PHRASES a blast on a whistle He gave a short blast on his whistle
2 clear high-pitched sound
e ADJ loud | high, high-pitched, piercing, shrill | low
| long | short | silent He pursed his lips in a silent whis- tle | tuneless | wolf | final (sport) They scored their only goal just before the final whistle
e VERB + WHISTLE give, let out | hear
e PREP with a~ The train entered the tunnel with a shrill whistle | ~of She gave a low whistle of admiration
> Note at SOUND
whistle verb
e ADV loudly | softly, under your breath | through your teeth Norma looked at the parcel and whistled softly through her teeth | cheerfully | tunelessly
e VERB + WHISTLE begin to | hear sb e@ PREP at Men whistled at her in the street in James whistled in amazement to William whistled to me from a distance
white zoun
e ADJ egg Whisk the egg whites until stiff,
e VERB + WHITE beat, whip, whisk e@ PHRASES the white of an egg Use the whites of two
eggs
white adj
1 of the colour of snow or milk
e ADJ dead, pure | bright, brilliant | bone, creamy, icy, milky | dirty, off- | plain
= Special page at COLOUR
@ PHRASES as white as snow
2 very pale because of illness or fear
e VERBS be,look | go, turn
e ADV extremely, very | rather
e PREP with He turned white with anger
@ PHRASES as white as a sheet
whole noun
1 all of sth
e VERB + WHOLE cover, embrace, encompass, in-
volve, span The project involved the whole of the univer- sity | fill, occupy, take up The library takes up the whole
of the first floor | permeate, pervade Technology perme- ates the whole of our lives
2 complete thing
e ADJ coherent, cohesive, harmonious, homoge- neous, integrated, organized, seamless She was strug- gling to organize her ideas into a coherent whole | single
| complex The author examines each aspect of Roman so- ciety, then attempts to summarize the complex whole | meaningful At this age, babies do not yet combine sounds into a meaningful whole | organic
Trang 14wide 874
e VERB + WHOLE form, make (up) He tried to fit the
pieces of evidence together to make a coherent whole
e PHRASES as a whole Unemployment is higher in the
north than in the country as a whole
wide adj
1 covering a large area or range
e VERBS be,seem | become
e ADV enormously, exceptionally, extraordinarily, ex-
tremely, remarkably, unusually, very a very wide range
of clothing | increasingly | fairly, quite, reasonably,
relatively | sufficiently | surprisingly
2 fully open
e VERBS be | fling sth, open sth, spread sth He stood up
and flung wide the door to the study © Open your mouth
really wide © He spread his hands wide in appeal
e ADV extremely, really, very
long-suffering His long-suffering wife had to put up with his numerous affairs | attractive, beautiful, charming,
lovely | unfaithful | jealous | domineering, nagging |
battered a hostel for battered wives
e VERB + WIFE meet J first met my wife at university |
marry | desert, leave, walk out on | batter, beat
e WIFE + VERB give birth His wife has just given birth toason
wig noun
e ADJ blond, curly | powdered
e VERB + WIG have on, sport, wear Do you think she was wearing a wig? | put on | remove, take off
e WIG + VERB perch The wig seemed to perch on his head
e PREP ina/the~ Who’s that man in the wig?
e PREP with Their eyes were wide with fear wild adj
e VERBS be | shoot | fall, land
e ADV very | just
e PREP of Her shot fell just wide of the target
e PHRASES wide of the mark (figurative) (= not accur-
ate) Their predictions turned out to be very wide of the
mark
widen verb
e ADV considerably, greatly The gap between rich and
poor has widened considerably | slightly | gradually,
slowly | quickly, rapidly | suddenly | out The road
widens out and becomes a dual carriageway
e PREP from, into At this point, the river widens into an
e VERBS be, grow, live The flowers grow wild in the mountains © The dogs live wild on the streets
e ADV truly This is truly wild and unspoilt countryside
2 out of control
e@ VERBS be, look He looked wild and dangerous | go, run When the princess appeared, the crowd went wild o They annoy the neighbours because they let their children run wild | drive sb, make sb It makes me wild (= very angry) fo see such waste
e ADV really, very | absolutely | a bit, a little, pretty, rather Her hair was rather wild
e PREP with Thecrowd was wild with excitement
estuary to The trade deficit had widened from £26 billion wilderness noun
to £30 billion
widespread adj
e VERBS be | become | remain
e ADV extremely, remarkably, very | increasingly |
fairly, pretty, quite | sufficiently | geographically a geo-
graphically widespread species
e PREP among Illiteracy is widespread among the poor
widow noun
e ADJ distraught, grieving | elderly, middle-aged,
e ADJ last | great | barren, desert, desolate | frozen
| uncharted | unspoilt | political (figurative) the man who brought the party back from the political wilderness
e VERB + WILDERNESS transform They transformed the wilderness into a garden | explore They set out to ex- plore the earth’s last great wilderness, Antarctica
e WILDERNESS + NOUN years (figurative) His wilder- ness years (= when he was out of politics and the public eye) in the 1990s were spent in North America
e PREP in the~ We were hopelessly lost in the wilderness
young | rich, wealthy | poor | war wildlife noun
e VERB + WIDOW become | leave He died in March
leaving a widow and three children
e PHRASES awidow’s allowance/pension
width noun
e ADJ great the great width of his shoulders | full, over-
all, total, whole | narrow The fabric is only available in a
narrow width | maximum, minimum
e VERB + WIDTH have The windows have a width of six
feet | measure Measure the width of each side | in-
crease | decrease, narrow (to), reduce The snow had
narrowed the width of the road to a single track © The
road narrows to a width of just four metres | vary in
e WIDTH + VERB grow, increase | decrease | vary
e WIDTH + NOUN measurement | fitting The boots are
available in a choice of width fittings
® PREP across the ~ The pattern goes across the full
e ADJ abundant | endangered, rare | indigenous,
local, native | marine, urban, wetland
e VERB + WILDLIFE preserve, protect, save They called on the government to help protect native wildlife | attract, encourage The large variety of native plants at- tracts wildlife to the area | benefit | endanger, threaten The increasing use of pesticides threatens the wildlife of the area | damage, harm | disturb Do not allow your dog to disturb wildlife | be (a) home for/to, be rich in The forest is home to a wealth of wildlife
e WILDLIFE + NOUN habitat | area, garden, haven, park, refuge, reserve, sanctuary, site The school has its own small wildlife garden | conservation, manage-
ment, protection | trade the illegal wildlife trade | art-
ist, cameraman, film-maker, photographer
e PHRASES a wealth of wildlife
width of the material in~ The car is 1.775m in width will noun
wife noun
e ADJ new | future (also wife-to-be informal) | ex-,
former | deserted | divorced, estranged | dead, late |
dependent With a dependent wife and children, he can’t
afford to lose his job | pregnant | dutiful, excellent,
faithful, good, loving, loyal, supportive, wonderful |
1 power to choose; desire
e ADJ indomitable, iron, strong her indomitable will to win © His unassuming matter concealed an iron will | weak | free | conscious | collective, generalsmajority, national, popular, public Js that the general will, that we keep the present voting arrangements? | individual | human | divine, God’s | royal | political The govern-