Tài liệu Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English_ Chương 2.11 pdf

e JACKET + VERB hang His jacket hung over the back of his chair e JACKET + NOUN pocket, sleeve He pulled his pass- portfrom his inside jacket pocket.. jinx noun e VERB + JINX shake off T

Trang 1

dị

jab noun

1 sudden hit/push

e ADJ left, right | hard, painful, sharp | elbow

e VERB + JAB give sb | feel

e PREP ~in/to Scott gave hima sharp left jab to the ribs

2 injection

e ADJ flu, tetanus, typhoid, etc

e VERB + JAB have Did you have a flu jab this year? |

give sb

jack noun

=> Note at CARD

jacket noun

e ADJ fitted, tailored | baggy, loose | heavy | light,

lightweight | double-breasted, single-breasted | belt-

ed, zip-up | padded, quilted | bolero | waterproof,

waxed | bulletproof | camouflage, check/checked,

striped | corduroy, cotton, denim, fleece, leather, linen,

sheepskin, suede, tweed, wool | pyjama, suit, uniform

| bomber, combat, dinner, flak, flying, life, shooting,

ski, smoking, sports He wore a tweed sports jacket

e VERB + JACKET pull on, shrug (sth) into, shrug on,

slip on, throw on She shrugged her shoulders into her

jacket | pull off, remove, shrug off/out of, slip off | but-

ton (up), do up, zip up | unbutton, undo, unzip | hang

up | drape, sling A light cotton jacket was draped over

her shoulders

e JACKET + VERB hang His jacket hung over the back of

his chair

e JACKET + NOUN pocket, sleeve He pulled his pass-

portfrom his inside jacket pocket

@ PHRASES a jacket and tie Gentlemen are requested to

wear a jacket and tie for dinner

= Special page at CLOTHES

jackpot noun

e ADJ £1 million, etc

@ VERB + JACKPOT get, hit, scoop, win (figurative) The

National Theatre hit the jackpot with its first musical,

‘Guys and Dolls’

e JACKPOT + NOUN prize | winner

e PREP ~in They scooped the jackpot in yesterday’s lot-

tery ~ of a prize jackpot of £100 000~on He won the jackpot

on the football pools

jail (also gaol) noun

e ADJ county, local | high-security, maximum secur-

ity, top security | private | overcrowded

e VERB + JAIL goto He’s gone to jail for fraud | put sb

in, send sb to, throw sb into | keep sb in | be freed

from, be/get out of, be released from With good behav-

iour, she could be out of jail in two years | escape from |

threaten sb with He was threatened with jail if evidence of

a hoax was discovered | face | avoid, escape She avoid-

ed jail by pleading self-defence

e JAIL + NOUN sentence, term

e PREP at a/the ~ riots at Strangeways jail in (a/the) ~

How long has she been in jail? There was a fire in the jail

last night

jam noun

e ADJ home-made | plum, strawberry, etc

e VERB + JAM make | spread (sth with) She spread the toast thinly with raspberry jam

e JAM + NOUN jar | doughnut, sandwich, sponge, tart

e PHRASES bread andjam

= Special page at FOOD

jam verb

e ADV completely

e PHRASES be jammed full (of sth) The cupboards were jammed full of old newspapers be jammed solid The traf- fie was jammed solid in the city centre be jammed tight with sth The room is jammed tight with furniture be jammed (up) with The streets were completely jammed with traffic

January noun

=> Note at MONTH Japanese noun

e JAPANESE + NOUN script | character

= Note at LANGUAGE

jar noun

® VERB + JAR fill He was filling a jar with coins for his holiday | seal | preserve sth in, store sth in

e JAR + VERB be filled with sth, be full of sth, contain sth ajar full of pickled onions

e PREP in/into a/the~ | ~of ajar of marmalade

jargon noun

e ADJ current | incomprehensible, obscure | un- necessary | academic, computer, legal, scientific, technical

e QUANT piece

e VERB + JARGON speak (in), use He always speaks in obscure legal jargon | avoid

e PREP in~ in computer jargon | ~ for ‘All necessary means’ is diplomatic jargon for ‘war’

jaw noun

1 bone that contains teeth

e VERB + JAW clench, set | finger, rub, stroke He fin- gered his jaw thoughtfully | break, dislocate, fracture

e JAW + VERB drop, sag My jaw dropped in astonish- ment when I saw the size of the audience | be set, clench, set, tighten Her jaw was set, ready for afight | jut His jaw jutted stubbornly forward; he would not be denied

e JAW + NOUN bone, muscle | injury

e PREP in your~ A muscle in his jaw pulsed angrily on your ~ He had two days’ growth of stubble on his jaw to the ~ a punch to the jaw under your ~ She had a fold of Slesh under her jaw

e PHRASES the line/set of your jaw The stern set of the officer’s jaw made Tony realize he was in trouble

Trang 2

jazz

2 jaws mouth

e ADJ gaping, open | massive, powerful A shark can crush a boat with its massive jaws | slavering The slavering jaws of the guard dog stopped anyone going near

e VERB + JAWS clamp, close, lock, sink The dog locked its jaws on her leg and wouldn't let go © A spider sank its Jaws into my ankle | escape (from) The antelope could not escape the crocodile’s gaping jaws

e PREP between its~s The dog had his arm clamped between its jaws

jazz noun

e ADJ live | free/free-form, modern, trad/traditional

e VERB + JAZZ play | improvise | listen to

e PREP in~ harmonies and rhythms common in jazz

jealous adj

e@ VERBS be, feel, sound | become, get, grow | make

sb Ignore her—she’s only trying to make you jealous

e ADV bitterly, furiously, insanely, madly, really, very J can remember feeling madly jealous when he was with other women | a bit, a little, quite, rather | obsessively Peter was obsessively jealous and his behaviour was driv- ing his wifeaway | sexually

e PREP about There’s nothing for you to feel jealous about of She was rather jealous of me © He had started to get jealous of her success

jealousy noun

e ADJ bitter, extreme, intense, obsessive, pure, violent

| irrational | professional, sexual e@ QUANT fit He broke off the engagement in a fit of jealousy | pang, rush, stab, twinge J felt a pang of jealousy

e VERB + JEALOUSY feel She’d never felt jealousy before | arouse, cause, create, provoke Her promotion aroused intense jealousy among her colleagues

e@ PREP ~of his obsessive jealousy of his ex-wife

e PHRASES feelings of jealousy

jeans noun

e ADJ stretch, tight | baggy, flared | denim | black,

blue | bleached, faded, stonewashed | patched, ripped, scruffy, torn | cut-off | designer

@ QUANT pair She pulled on a pair of faded blue jeans

e VERB + JEANS pull on, pull up | pull off, strip off |

zip up | unzip

e JEANS + NOUN pocket

jelly noun

e VERB + JELLY eat, have | make Shall I make a jelly for pudding?

e JELLY + VERB set Put the jelly in the fridge to set | wobble

e PREP in~/fruit in jelly

= Special page at FOOD

jeopardize verb

e ADV seriously This scandal could seriously jeopardize his chances of being re-elected

jerk noun

e ADJ sharp, sudden | painful

e VERB + JERK give His thigh muscle gave a sudden Jerk

436

e PREP with a~of She answered with a jerk of her head

jerk verb

e ADV suddenly | sharply, violently | convulsively, spasmodically | away, back, backwards, downwards, forward, round, up, upright, upwards She suddenly jerked her hand away His head jerked up

e PHRASES jerk awake The train stopped and she jerked

awake jerk sth open He jerked the door open jerk to a

halt/stop The bus jerked to a stop

jersey noun

e ADJ thick | polo-neck, V-neck, etc | cashmere | football, rugby

e VERB + JERSEY pullon | knit

jet noun

1 plane with a jet engine

e ADJ jumbo | supersonic | commercial, passenger

| private | business, corporate, executive | holiday |

cargo | air force, fighter, military | low-flying

e VERB + JET fly, pilot

e JET + VERB fly | take off | land | crash, explode

e JET + NOUN aircraft, airliner, bomber, fighter, plane

| engine | fuel | pilot

e PREP by~ Australia was a mere couple of hours away

by jet o She was flown by private jet to the capital Lusaka

in a/the~ He flew to Majorca in his private jet

2 stream of gas, water, etc

e ADJ little | air, gas, water

e PREP ~of Little jets of steam spurted from the engine Jew noun

e ADJ devout, pious, practising, religious His family are all practising Jews | secular | Hasidic, orthodox | Progressive, Reform | Ashkenazi, Sephardic

e VERB + JEW be born He was born a Jew in first cen- tury Palestine | become

jewel noun

e ADJ precious, priceless | bright, brilliant, sparkling

e VERB + JEWEL wear

e JEWEL + VERB sparkle

e JEWEL + NOUN thief | box, case

jewellery noun

j

e ADJ expensive, valuable | cheap | beautiful, fine |

costume (= which may be designed to look expensive but

is made with cheap materials) | designer | antique |

family, personal She inherited the family jewellery | dia- mond, gold, etc

e@ QUANT piece

e VERB + JEWELLERY wear | make | design | steal

e JEWELLERY + NOUN box, case | shop | design |

designer

gsaw noun

e ADJ giant, huge | 200-piece, etc

e QUANT bit, piece One piece of the jigsaw is still missing

e VERB + JIGSAW do I used to enjoy doing jigsaws | piece together (figurative) The police managed to piece together the jigsaw and reconstruct the victim’s last hours | finish

e JIGSAW + NOUN puzzle | piece

e PHRASES a piece in a jigsaw (figurative) This is an-

Trang 3

487

other piece in the jigsaw that will help us understand the

biology of cancer

jinx noun

e VERB + JINX shake off The team seems to have

shaken off the jinx that’s been dogging them for months

e JINX + VERB hit sb, strike sb The injury jinx has

struck Real Madrid | dog sb, haunt sb

e PREP ~onlmsure there’s a jinx on this car

job noun

1 employment

e ADJ high-powered, top I?’s one of the top jobs in man-

agement | decent, good, worthwhile | interesting |

plum The plum jobs all went to friends of the prime minis-

ter | cushy His father found him a cushy job in the office,

with almost nothing to do and a whacking great salary |

dream, ideal What would be your dream job? | boring,

dead-end, menial, routine, undemanding He was forced

to take a series of menialjobs | challenging, demanding,

difficult, taxing | highly-paid, well-paid | badly-paid,

low-paid | full-time, part-time | 9-to-5 | regular, steady

He was tempted to give up freelancing and get a regular

job | permanent, temporary | holiday, summer, vac/

vacation | evening, Saturday, weekend | paid, unpaid

| manual, non-manual | semi-skilled, skilled, unskilled

| blue-collar, white-collar | desk a desk job in the police

housing department | proper He’d done lots of part-time

work, but this was his first proper job | manufacturing,

teaching

e VERB + JOB have She’s gota very good job with a local

Jirm of solicitors | look for | apply for, go for | find, get,

land, take She got a temporary job stacking shelves © He’s

just landed himself a highly-paid job in the City | lose

He’s frightened of losing his job | give up, pack in, resign

from | hold down, keep He’s always had difficulty hold-

ing down ajob | advertise I saw the job advertised on the

Internet | interview (sb) for We’re interviewing for the

job in the Sales Department | give sb, offer sb | create,

provide (sb with) Jt is hoped that the scheme will create

new jobs in the region | axe, cut, shed Management are

hoping to shed 200 jobs | protect, safeguard The deal be-

tween the union and management should safeguard 6 000

jobs | do ’'m only doing my job (= doing what I am paid

to do) | know He certainly knows his job (= is very good

at his job).-

e JOB + VERB pay The job doesn’t pay very well | go

250 jobs are to go at the local steel plant

e JOB + NOUN search The first step in a job search is to

prepare an up-to-date CV | ad, advertisement | vacancy

| application | interview | title His job title is Chief Hy-

giene Operative | description, specifications Cleaning

the office is not in my job description | market There is an

enormous job market for teachers at the moment | cuts,

losses | creation | opportunities, prospects | satis-

faction How would you rate your job satisfaction? | se-

curity Workers questioned rated job security as being more

important than high salary | hunter, seeker Local com-

panies are holding an open day for job seekers | sharing

The introduction of job sharing could prevent the need for

redundancies

e PREP in a/the~ There’s not much chance of promotion

in a job like that on the~ You will receive training on the

job out of a~ She found herself out of a job when her boss

died | ~ as She’s got a job as a waitress ~ at She got a

teaching job at the university ~ for jobs for women ~in a

job infood retailing > ajob ina large firm ~with He moved

to a better-paid job with another employer

e PHRASES a loss of jobs The closure of the cement fac-

tory will mean the loss of over 800 jobs the right person

for the job Despite the small number of applicants, they

managed to find the right person for the job

jog

2 task

of announcing the redundancies

e VERB + JOB do, make You’ve done a grand job with that decorating > Try wedging it open—that should do the job (= be effective/successful) o She made avery good job

of covering up the damage | have (on) You’ll have a hard

job convincing them that youw’re right © The builder has a couple of jobs on at the moment | give sb | take on She’s taken on the job of organizing the Christmas party | get

on with J want to get on with the job of painting my room today

e PREP ~in The author has done an admirable job in compiling all this material ~of He made a very profession-

al job of replacing the windows ~ on You’ve done a good jobon the car

e PHRASES get a job done We’re hoping to get the job done this weekend odd jobs (= small, practical jobs) J spend most Saturdays doing odd jobs around the house

3 crime

e ADJ bank | inside (= done by sb in the organization where the crime happens)

@ VERB + JOB do He got six months for that last job he did | bungle The gang bungled the job and got caught

NOTE Jobs

be, work as~

She’s a well-known writer

Her father, a trained chef now works as a bus driver study to be, train as, train to be~

She trained as a painter and sculptor

start (work) as~

He started work as a trainee chef

become, qualify as~

She qualified as a vet last year

employ (sb as), have The company employs more than 1500 engineers

engage (sb as), get, hire (sb as), recruit, take on~

They have recruited a new designer

appoint, appoint sb (as), make sb~are usually used with academic, official or highly responsible jobs:

He was appointed Professor of Law at Yale

At 39 she was made chairman of the board

dismiss, fire, sack~

The club have sacked their coach

= See also the note at PROFESSIONAL

jockey noun

e ADJ champion, top | winning | apprentice | ama-

teur | jump (= who rides in races that involve jumping) | stable (= who rides the horses of a particular trainer or training stable)

e JOCKEY + VERB ride (sth) Which jockey will be riding tomorrow? | win (sth) The race was won by top jockey Eddie Andrews

jog noun

e ADJ brisk | slow

e VERB + JOG go for He goes for a brisk jog before work each morning

e PREP at a~ J began at a slow jog and gradually in- creased my pace

Trang 4

e ADV slowly, steadily our situation, but it wasn’t really funny

e PREP along, down, up They jogged steadily up the hill j oke verb

e PHRASES go jogging She decided to go jogging each morning jog on the spot She was jogging on the spot to keep warm

join verb

1 become a member of sth

e VERB + JOIN want to, wish to | flock to By this time people were flocking to join the cult \ decide to | per-

suade sb to | be allowed to | refuse to

e PHRASES an invitation to join sth

2 do sth with sb else

e VERB + JOIN wishto | invite sb to They've invited us

to join them on their yacht | be allowed to She was now old enough to be allowed to join the adults | be expected

to Thousands of people are expected to join the sponsored

walk | decide to | refuse to

e PREP for Will you join me shortly for a drink in the bar?

in [’'m sure you will all wish to join me in thanking our speaker tonight with Please will you all join with me in singing the national anthem

e PHRASES come and join sb He waved a fork in greet- ing ‘Come and join us!’ an invitation to join sb/sth

PHRASAL VERB

joinin

e ADV enthusiastically They all joined enthusiastically

in the dancing

e VERB + JOININ wantto | refuse to

e PREP with Everyone joined in with the singing © I wish

he would join in with the other children

joint noun

1in the body

e ADJ elbow, hip, knee, etc | inflamed, painful, rheumatic, stiff, swollen | artificial

e VERB + JOINT replace He’s going to have his hip joint replaced

e JOINT + VERB ache | move The joint should be able

to move freely

e PREP in a/the~ You've got fluid in the joint | ~ between the joint between the lower and upper parts of the arm

e@ PHRASES put sth out of joint She fell and put her knee out of joint

2 connecting point

e ADJ airtight, watertight | leaking

e VERB + JOINT make, seal

e PREP ~between a joint between two lengths of copper

3 piece of meat

e ADJ bacon

e VERB + JOINT cook, roast | carve

e PREP ~ofa joint of beef/lamb/pork

joke noun

e ADJ funny, good | old That’s an old joke—I ve heard

it lots of times | cruel, sick | huge | dirty

e VERB + JOKE crack, make, tell He’s marvellous at telling jokes | play He’s always playing jokes on people | have, share She likes to have a joke with her employees | hear | get, laugh at We all fell about laughing, but he didn’t get the joke | take The trouble is she can’t take a joke | treat sth as He treated his exams as a huge joke

e JOKE + VERB fall flat The audience weren’t very re- sponsive and the jokes fell a bit flat | be on sb I thought

Id play a trick on them, but in the end the joke was on me

e@ PREP as a~ It was only said as a joke | ~about Have you heard the joke about the elephant and the mouse?

e ADV half She was only half joking about being prime minister one day

e PREP about We joked about the amount of luggage we had to carry with joking with her friends

e@ PHRASES be only joking Don’t worry, ['m only joking! joking apart/aside (= used to show you are now being serious after you have said sth funny), laugh and joke They

laughed and joked as they walked along you must be jok-

ing No way am I doing that You must be joking!

joker noun

=> Note at CARD

jolt noun

e ADJ nasty, severe, sharp, sickening, sudden, un-

pleasant | little, slight

e VERB + JOLT feel | give My mother’s death gave mea severe jolt | send | receive She received such a jolt that she nearly dropped her cup

e PHRASES with a~ The train started with a jolt | ~ of The blow sent a jolt of pain through his body ~to His dis- missal was a severe jolt to his pride

journal noun

1 serious magazine

e ADJ academic, learned, scholarly | professional, technical, trade | house/in-house the house journal of the South Western Gas Board | non-specialist, specialist

| research, reviewing | business, literary, medical, science/scientific | august, highly-ranked/high-ranking, leading, major, prestigious ‘Nature’ was the highest- ranked journal in the survey | official It’s the official journal of the Medical Foundation | international, national | monthly, quarterly, weekly

e QUANT copy Please send me two copies of your new journal | edition, issue, volume

e VERB + JOURNAL read | edit, write for an academic who writes for specialist journals | produce, publish | buy, get, subscribe to She subscribes to quite a few academic journals

e JOURNAL + VERB come out The journal comes out five times a year

e JOURNAL + NOUN article | editor

e@ PREP in a/the ~~ an article in a medical journal | ~ of the British Journal of Geology

2diary

e ADJ private | daily

e VERB + JOURNAL keep, write Lady Franklin kept a daily journal of the voyage | read

e JOURNAL + NOUN entry Her journal entry for that day describes a thunder storm

e PREP in a/the~ The events are all recorded in her journal | ~of He wrote a journal of his travels

journalism noun

e ADJ good | professional | investigative | popular,

tabloid | chequebook (disapproving) | magazine, newspaper, print | broadcast, radio, television | fashion, literary, medical, music, science, sports

® QUANT piece a /fine piece of investigative journalism

e PHRASES a career in journalism Id like a career in journalism the world of journalism

= Note at SUBJECT (for verbs and nouns)

journalist noun

e ADJ brilliant, good | experienced | leading, well-

Trang 5

439 judgement

known | professional | freelance | investigative | for-

eign | magazine, newspaper, print, tabloid | broad-

cast, radio, television | business, environmental, fash-

ion, financial, literary, political, sports

e VERB + JOURNALIST speak to, talk to, tell She was

warned against speaking to journalists about the affair

e JOURNALIST + VERB investigate sth | write (sth) a

journalist writing for a current affairs publication | re-

port (on) sth

e PREP ~ on/with an investigative journalist with a

French newspaper

=> Note at JOB

journey noun

e ADJ long, marathon | brief, short | outward |

homeward, return | onward The bus driver told us where

to change buses for our onward journey | bus, car, rail,

railway, train, etc | five-mile, four-hour, etc | comfort-

able, easy, good, pleasant, safe J hope you had a good

journey © Have a safe journey | arduous, awkward, bad,

difficult, gruelling, hard, tedious, terrible, tiring, tortu-

ous | dangerous, hazardous, perilous | overland |

cross-country | daily | overnight | epic an epic jour-

ney across Africa on foot | wasted The library was closed

when I got there, so it was a wasted journey | emotional,

sentimental, spiritual He made the emotional journey

back to the house he grew up in

e VERB + JOURNEY goon, have, make He wasn’t there

and we had a wasted journey | break We broke our return

journey in San Francisco | begin, set out on | continue,

resume They continued their journey on foot | complete

e JOURNEY + VERB take (sb) The journey takes about

five hours © His journey took him across central Asia |

begin | end

e JOURNEY + NOUN time

e@ PREP on~ They were on a journey to the Far East |

~ by a journey by air/bus/land/rail/sea, etc ~ across,

~ between, ~ down the journey down the Rhine ~ from, ~ of

a journey of 300 miles © a journey of five days ~ through,

~to The bus journey from London to Athens took 60 hours

e PHRASES be tired after/from a journey, a leg/stage of

a journey Dawn was breaking as we set out on the last leg

of our journey

joy noun

e ADJ delirious, ecstatic, fierce, great, heady, over-

whelming, pure, real, sheer, true, wild, wonderful | sim-

ple | sudden | inner | physical the physical joys of fine

wines and gourmet foods

e VERB + JOY bring sb Her books have brought great

Joy to millions of people | experience, feel the pure joy I

felt at being free again | be filled with, be full of | ex-

press | find, get, take find joy in many kinds of music ©

She got no joy out of working © I took a fierce joy in telling

them the truth

e JOY + VERB go All the joy had gone out of his life

e PREP to your~ She found to her joy that the house hada

large garden with ~ I could have shouted with joy | ~ at

Protesters expressed joy at the government's decision

e PHRASES dance, jump, sing, weep, etc for joy J liter-

ally jumped for joy when I heard the news ajoy to behold,

see, watch, etc The children’s expressions were a joy to

behold your pride and joy (= a person or thing that

makes you feel great pride or satisfaction) The pride and

Joy of the town is the splendid castle tears of joy

Judaism noun

e ADJ Hasidic, orthodox | Progressive,

Ashkenazi, Sephardic

= Note at RELIGION (for verbs and phrases)

Reform |

judge noun

1 applies the law

e ADJ experienced | learned | senior | presiding,

trial | deputy | appeal (court), appellate, circuit, county court, district, federal, High Court, Supreme Court

e VERB + JUDGE be, sit as By next year you could be sitting as a High Courtjudge | appoint (sb as)

e JUDGE + VERB preside, sit Which judge will be sitting next week? | call sb The judge called the remaining wit- ness for the Crown | direct sb The judge must direct the jury on points of law | consider sth | accept sth, admit sth The judge admitted the notes of the interview as evidence | dismiss sth, refuse sth, reject sth The trial judge dismissed her compensation claim | conclude sth, decide sth, find sth, hold sth, rule sth, uphold sth The judge held that the company had been negligent | sum up The judge summed up and the jury retired to consider its verdict | sentence sb | order sth The judge ordered the company to‘pay compensation to the claimant | award (sb) sth, grant (sb) sth The judge awarded him damages

of £20 000

2 decides who has won a competition

e ADJ competition | independent

e QUANT panel a panel of independent judges

e VERB + JUDGE choose sb/sth, decide sth

e PHRASES the judges’ decision The judges’ decision on the entries is final

3 has the ability/knowledge to give an opinion

ter | poor | impartial

e PREP ~of Heisa good judge of footballing talent

judge verb

e ADV correctly, rightly | wrongly J think I judged the distance wrongly | fairly, properly | harshly J think you’re judging her rather harshly | objectively | beautifully, carefully, finely, nicely, perfectly, well Their performance of the concerto was beautifully judged and finely controlled © ‘There’s something I haven't told you.’ She judged her words carefully © The bowler judged it well, timing the ball to perfection | accordingly Those who preach intolerance should be judged accordingly

e VERB + JUDGE be difficult to, be hard to, be impos- sible to | be able to, be in a position to J am in no position to judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong

| learn to learning to judge distances

e PREP according to He believed that schools should be judged according to strictly academic criteria against judging his own performance against the performance of others by You will be judged by the work you have pro- duced over the year from The age of the furniture can be judged from the type of wood used on Your slogan will be judged on its originality and style

® PHRASES criteria for judging People use different criteria for judging success at school don’t judge a book by its cover (figurative) (= don’t judge sth by how it looks), judge by appearances, judging by/from sth He seems to have been a popular person, judging by the number of people at his funeral to judge by/from sth To judge from what she said, she was very disappointed judge for yourself Readers are left to judge for themselves whether McCrombie is hero or villain judge sth on its merits Each painting must be judged on its own merits

judgement noun

1 decision/opinion

Trang 6

judo 440

e VERB + JUDGEMENT form, make It’s difficult to form

a judgement when you don’t have all the facts | express Remember to be tactful when expressing a personal judgement | confirm This latest case confirms my earlier judgement | come to, reach It is too soon to reach any de- finitive judgement | deliver, give, pass, pronounce The school inspector’s function is not merely to pronounce judgement, but also to suggest improvements | reserve, suspend The court reserved judgement on the two ap- pedis | obtain, win They obtained a judgement in their fa- vour, | reverse They are trying to get the judgement re- versed | abide by

e PREP in sb’s~ What, in your judgement, would be the best way to deal with the problem? | ~ about She must make her own judgement about when to go ~ against The sacked workers won a judgement against the company

~as to Experience helps us to form judgements as to the best course of action in given circumstances ~on ['m not equipped to pass judgement on such matters

2 decision making

e ADJ fine, good, remarkable, shrewd, sound Landing

a plane requires fine judgement | impartial, independent

| impaired, weak | aesthetic, artistic, critical, ethical, moral, political, professional She has a reputation for sound professional judgement

e VERB + JUDGEMENT display, show | rely on | re-

spect, trust He trusted his wife’s judgement | doubt | back The company backed her judgement and implement-

ed all her recommendations | exercise, use | colour, in- fluence He never allows any prejudices to colour his judgement | sit in He felt he had no right to sit in judgement on someone he had only just met

e PREP ~about You will need to exercise your own judgement about what clothes to wear ~in The speaker showed good judgement in his choice of topic

e PHRASES anerror of judgement Accepting the gift was

an error of judgement on the part of the party chairman a lack of judgement, a matter of judgement How much money you should invest is a matter of judgement

judo noun

e VERB + JUDO do, practise

e JUDO + NOUN hold, move, throw She managed to get the man in ajudo hold | mat

=> Special page at SPORT jug noun

e ADJ measuring | china, earthenware, enamel, enamelled, glass, plastic | cream, milk, water, wine

e VERB + JUG fill, pour sth into He filled a jug with juice | pour, tip She poured a jug of water over his head | empty, pour sth from/out of

e PREP ~ofajugof milk juice noun

e ADJ fruit, lemon, tomato, etc | fresh,

squeezed | concentrated | unsweetened

e VERB + JUICE extract, squeeze | strain | sprinkle Sprinkle the avocado slices with lemon juice

e PREP ~from The juice from the meat is used to make the sauce ~ of the grated rind and juice of two lemons

> Special page at FOOD

freshly-

July noun

=> Note at MONTH jump noun

1 movement

e ADJ little | running, standing Cats can clear two

metres with a standing jump | high, long, triple | bungee, parachute, ski

e VERB + JUMP make She made a jump for the river bank | take He took a running jump and just managed to clear the stream | do He’s going to do a parachute jump for charity | give Her heart gave a little jump at his smile

2 increase

e ADJ big, quantum, sharp | small

e VERB + JUMP make Is he good enough to make the jump into Formula One?

e PREP ~in The sportswear company reports a jump in sales since the Olympics

jump verb

1 move off the ground

e ADV suddenly | about, around, back, down, in, off, out, up, up and down He was jumping up and down with excitement

e VERB + JUMP try to He tried to jump back on board

e PREP from He had to jump from a first floor window into, off, on Stop jumping on the furniture! onto She jumped up onto the table out of, over Can you jump over that fence? through

2 make a sudden movement because of surprise/fear

e ADV almost, nearly He almost jumped in surprise

e VERB + JUMP make sb He crept up behind me and made me jump

e PHRASES jump out of your skin (figurative) I nearly jumped out of my skin when he told me

jumper noun

e ADJ baggy, loose, sloppy | tight | heavy, thick |

light, thin | cashmere, cotton, woollen, woolly, etc | knitted | crew-neck, polo-neck, turtleneck | Fair Isle a Fair Isle jumper in navy and red

e VERB + JUMPER pullon | knit, make

= Special page at CLOTHES junction noun

e ADJ busy | dangerous | motorway, road | railway

e PREP at a/the~ Turn off the motorway at junction 6 |

~with The college is on the Manchester road, by the junction with the Ad

June noun

=> Note at MONTH jungle noun

e ADJ dense, impenetrable, thick | tropical | concrete, urban (figurative) This outback area is a far cry Srom the city’s concrete jungle

e JUNGLE + NOUN warfare

e PREP in~ a temple deep in the Brazilian jungle through~ They hacked their way through dense jungle

junior adj

e VERBS be

e ADV very a very junior officer | comparatively, fairly, quite, relatively She’s quite junior in the organization

e PREP to Johnis still junior to me at work

junk noun

e ADJ old sculptures made from old junk and scrap metal

e JUNK + VERB lie about/around

Trang 7

441

e JUNK + NOUN shop | room They cleared out the junk

room to make a tiny bedroom | heap | material He made

the boat out of junk materials

junta noun

e ADJ ruling | civilian, military, revolutionary

e VERB + JUNTA form | dissolve, overthrow

e JUNTA + VERB appoint sb The civilian junta appoin-

ted a prime minister

e JUNTA + NOUN leader, member

jurisdiction noun

e ADJ limited | exclusive The commissioners had exclu-

sive jurisdiction to decide | civil, criminal, ecclesiastical

e VERB + JURISDICTION have, retain The court has no

jurisdiction in this case | exercise The court may exercise

its jurisdiction to compel the husband to make a settlement

upon his wife | claim The offshore government claims

jurisdiction over the mainland | be subject to, come

under He is subject to the jurisdiction of the English

courts

e@ PREP beyond your~ She acted beyond the jurisdiction

of any teacher outside your~ The matter is outside the jur-

isdiction of UK administrative agencies under~ The terri-

tory is still under Russian jurisdiction within your~ The

matter was not within the jurisdiction of the court |

~over The senate committees have exclusive jurisdiction

over the FBI

justify

justice noun

1 fairness

e ADJ economic, natural, social | rough He saw it as rough justice when he got food poisoning from the stolen meat | divine Some people saw the epidemic as divine justice

e VERB + JUSTICE ask for, want All ['m asking for is justice | get | deny sb We have been denied justice for too long

e PHRASES a sense of justice The teacher’s system of punishments appealed to the children’s sense of justice

2law

e ADJ civil, criminal, juvenile

e VERB + JUSTICE doJustice must be done in every case

| bring sb to | escape So far the robbers have escaped justice

e JUSTICE + NOUN department

e PHRASES a miscarriage of justice He spent twenty years in prison as a result of a miscarriage of justice pervert the course of justice She was charged with pervert- ing the course of justice after admitting to burning vital evidence

justifiable adj

@ VERBS be, seem | become | consider sth, think sth

We consider this action justifiable

e ADV entirely | commercially, economically | ethic-

ally, morally

e PREP ~onthe grounds of/that The cutbacks are justifi-

juror noun

e VERB + JUROR swearin The jurors were sworn in

able on the grounds of cost ~on grounds The rule is justifiable on safety grounds

1in a court of law

e ADJ inquest, trial | unanimous (only after jury) The

jury were unanimous in their verdict | hung A retrial

was necessary after the original trial ended with a hung

jury

e VERB + JURY serveon, siton | tell Tell the jury what

happened, in your own words | direct The judge directed

the jury to return a verdict of not guilty | swear in The

new jury were sworn in

e JURY + VERB hearsth Thejury heard how the boy had

obtained a carving knife from a friend’s house | retire |

consider its verdict The jury has retired to consider its

verdict | be out The jury is still out (= still deciding) o

(figurative) The jury is still out on this new policy | agree

(on) a verdict, arrive at/reach a verdict, give its verdict,

return a verdict | convict sb, find sb guilty The jury con-

victed Menzies of assaulting Smith | acquit sb, clear sb,

find sb not guilty | award sb The jury awarded her dam-

ages of £30 000

e JURY + NOUN service It was the second time he had

been called up for jury service | trial | foreman, member

| system a review of the jury system

e PREP before a~ The trial will take place before a jury

on a/the~ There were only three women on the jury | ~ of

the jury of seven women and five men

e PHRASES trial by jury You have aright to trial by jury

2 of acompetition

e VERB + JURY choose, select The jury is selected from

the winners in previous years

e JURY + VERB judge sth | consist of sb The jury con-

sisted of an architect, a photographer and an artist |

award (sb) sth, give sb sth The jury has awarded the

prize for best exhibit in the show to Harry Pearson

e@ PREP on a/the~ He was on a jury judging a songurit-

ing competition

e ADJ considerable, every, some You have every justification for feeling angry | the slightest She had not given him the slightest justification for thinking she was inter- ested in him | ample, sufficient | ethical, moral | intel- lectual, rational, theoretical | legal, political

e VERB + JUSTIFICATION give (sb), provide (sb with) She’s unable to provide any justification for her actions | see

e PREP in~ the argument which he put forward in justification with ~ He felt, with some justification, that he had been unfairly treated without ~ She was arrested entirely without justification | ~for Ican see some justification for her remarks

justified adj

e VERBS be, feel, prove, seem

e ADV amply The suspicion proved amply justified | completely, entirely, fully, perfectly, quite, totally | hardly | partially, partly | clearly | easily, readily a lo- gical and easily justified decision | economically, finan- cially, legally, morally, rationally, scientifically, theor- etically Can her actions be morally justified?

e@ PREP in She felt fully justified in asking for a refund

justify verb

e ADV really, truly Can you really justify the destruction

of such a fine old building? | hardly The meagre result hardly justified the risks they took to get it

e VERB + JUSTIFY can/could | attempt to, seek to, try

to | need to | be difficult to, be hard to He found it very difficult to justify his decision

e@ PREP on the grounds of/that The decision is justified onthe grounds that there is no realistic alternative to How will you justify this pay cut to your employees?

Tiêu đề	Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English
Trường học	Oxford University
Chuyên ngành	English Language
Thể loại	Tài liệu
Thành phố	Oxford

Định dạng
Số trang	7
Dung lượng	3,6 MB