Tài liệu APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING IN:" FOREST SECTOR OF VIETNAM" docx

MONREƒ Functional agencies inside MARD: 9 Forest Department FD: National Forest Management, NFIA Program 9 Forest Protection Department FPD: Protection forest, special-use forest, Annua

APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING IN

FOREST SECTOR OF VIETNAM:

Status and future direction

Pham Manh Cuong (Dr Sc.)FOREST DEPARTMENT (FD)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)

I Forests and Forest

Administration System in

Vietnam

ƒ Vietnam is mostly located in the tropical region;

ƒ Hilly and mountainous regions account for ¾ of Vietnam’s total natural land;

ƒ Vietnam has coastal lines more than 3,000 km long;

ƒ High diversity of forests: tropical rain forest in most region, sub-tropical forest in the north and

at high altitudes, mangrove forest along

coastline;

ƒ Complex terrain and diversity of forest types

cause difficulty in forest management.

1.1 Forest Changes in Vietnam

ƒ Forest cover has changed dramatically and

dynamically over the time and space;

ƒ The changes are not always in progressive,

deforestation versus reforestation;

ƒ Most residual natural forests are located in the mountainous regions, difficult to access;

1.1 Forest Changes in Vietnam

Forest cover changes

37 34,3

28,2 27,2

30

32,1 33,8

1.2 Projection of forest cover changes in

Vietnam

ƒ Strengthen FM and reforestation: 14.3 mill ha in 2010

(43%) – 16.24 mill ha 2020 (47%);

ƒ In 2010: all forests are allocated to HHs & economic

entities; in 2020: permanent real forest estate

ƒ Afforestation: 1.0 mill (2006-2010);1.5 mill ha in 2020;

2011-ƒ Re-planning forests:

9 Production forest: 8.34 mill ha of which 4.15 ha of

forest plantations, 30% FA receives FSC

9 Protection forest: 5.68 mill ha

9 Special-use forest: 2.16 mill ha

ƒ Wood production: 20-24 mill m3/year; wood and furniture processing: $7.8 mill ha

ƒ MARD vs MONRE

ƒ Functional agencies inside MARD:

9 Forest Department (FD): National Forest

Management, NFIA Program

9 Forest Protection Department (FPD): Protection forest, special-use forest, Annual forest statistics

9 Forest Inventory and Planning Institute (FIPI)

1.3

1.3 Forest Administration System in Vietnam

II Information needed for forest

management

2.1 Demand for information on forest

management

2.1 Demand for information on forest

management

ƒ Forests quantity: types, area;

ƒ Forest quality: % crown canopy, Height,

DBH, estimated timber volume, forest structure and forest species composition;

ƒ Distribution & location, accessibility;

ƒ Forest function and environmental and

economic values;

ƒ Forest changes and driving forces;

ƒ Relationship between forest ecosystem and

other environmental factors – silvicultural practices;

2.2 Current Information Flows

ƒ Forest Department: overall forest related

data from sub-FDs, FPD and FIPI;

ƒ Forest Protection Department:

information about forest law enforcement, annual forest monitoring and statistical data, mostly focuses on protection and special-

use forest;

ƒ Forest Inventory and Planning Institute:

National forest inventory and assessment, every 5 year – FIPI’s database.

2.3 Issues and Challenges

ƒ Lack of close coordination: data

discrepancies & data sharing;

ƒ Insufficient information: incomplete and

outdated;

ƒ Large geographical extend and difficult to

access (physical and political aspects)

Conventional techniques: time-consuming and costly;

ƒ Insufficient capacity: in collecting,

analyzing, synthesizing and reporting information, especially at local levels;

ƒ Expensive spatial data (maps and high

resolution remote sensing imagery

III Application of remote sensing

technology in forestry sector of

Vietnam: Past and present

ƒ 1960s – 1970s: application of aerial photographs on

establishment of forest cover maps and forest planning maps for some State Forest Enterprises (SFE) in the North;

ƒ 1980 – 1990: starting utilization of satellite images from former Soviet Union and US (Landsat) to make forest cover maps at regional level UNDP-FAO VIE 79/014

project to strengthening cpacity for forest inventory

including application of remote sesing imagery;

ƒ 1991 – 1995: conducted 1st cycle of NFI with the use of Landsat TM to make forest cover maps at provincial

levels 1/250,000 and forest cover change detection;

ƒ Most human resources and application of RS have

concentrated in FIPI;

3.1 In the past

ƒ 1996 – 2000: conducted 2nd cycle of NFI with the use of SPOT 1,2,3 to make forest cover maps at provincial

levels 1/100,000 and forest cover change detection for the entire country Implementation of the tropical Forest Information System Project funded by JICA in

collaboration with JAFTA, in which Landsat TM images were used to creat forest maps at scale of 1/250,000 with the support of digital classification methods;

ƒ 2001-2005: conducted 3rd cycle of NFI with the use of Landsat ETM to make forest cover maps at provincial

levels 1/100,000 and forest cover change detection for the entire country Application of very HR images (SPOT

5, IKONOS, QuickBird) to establish forest maps at scale 1/10,000 and forest management planning for SFEs;

ƒ Most human resources and application of RS have

concentrated in FIPI;

3.1 In the past

ƒ Most human resources and application of RS

have concentrated in FIPI;

ƒ Mainly visual interpretation (harcopy, on-screen digitizing);

ƒ Quality was not satisfied the decision-makers and not every sufficient for policy formulation

processes.

3.1 In the past

Mô tả mẫu trên ảnh (Landsat TM)

Ngày chụp: 17 - 10 - 2001

TT rừng: Rừng kín thường xanh lá rộng

Địa điểm: Kôn Hà Nừng - Gia Lai

Độ cao: 1.480 m

Mô tả: màu nâu đỏ thẫm, đồng đều, mịn

Vị trí phân bố: cách xa khu dân cư và đường

chính

Mô tả ngoại nghiệp:

TT rừng: closed evergreen broadleaved

Land-cover map derived from

ƒ 2006-2010: is now implementing 4th cycle

of NFI with the use of SPOT 5 to make

forest cover maps at provincial levels

1/25,000 – 1/50,000 for the entire country;

FPD;

3.2 At present

IV Application of RS in Forest

Sector: Future direction

ƒ Government has paid great attention in

environmental magement, in general, and in

forest protection, in particular;

ƒ National forest & rural development programs

(661, HEPR, land allocation, etc.): monitoring and evaluation;

ƒ Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs):

CBD, UNFFC, CITES, UNCCD, etc.;

4.1 Demands and Legal Supports

ƒ Laws: land Law 2003, NLUI every 5 year; NFIA

every 5 years;

ƒ MARD: approved the project entitled

“Application and development of IT in forest

sector 2006-2010” and requested FD to improve the application of IT in forest protection

ƒ MARD & FAO have submitted a project

proposal for strengthening capacity of NFI with financial support from Japanese and Italian

Governments

4.1 Demands and Legal Supports

ƒ Application of very high resolution satellite

images (SPOT 5, ALOS, IKONOS, QuickBird, etc.) in land use/forest cover mapping, forest planning, forest assessment and forestland allocation, FLEGT at micro level;

ƒ Widenning the application: FIPI + Sub-FIPIs,

FD, FPD, FSIV;

ƒ Strengthening capacity of key Institutions in

application of RS in MARD

ƒ Strengthening the cooperation: governmental

agencies (MONRE), NGOs and international organizations.

4.2 Improvement in deriving information

4.3 More reliable information for better informed

4.4 Focusing on strategic planning and monitoring processes

Allocating Areas

-How much area is available?

-Which areas are eligible based on landuse and physical

limitations?

Scheduling

-Access and other operational constraints?

-Priorities based on socio-economic objectives?

Allocating Species

-Which species for which site?

-Seedling requirements?

ƒ Requirements of Government and MARD

System (FOMIS) by integrating RS, GIS and other socialeconomic data;

4.5 Data Integration

4.6 Priority needs

forest, protection forest and special-use forest

forest cover and land use maps

images (i.e., SPOT 5)

maps

FIPI, sub-FDs, sub-FD, especially at local levels

Thank you very much for your

attention!

manhcuongpham@vnn.vn