Giáo dục phổ thông ở tỉnh hòa bình từ năm 1991 đến năm 2010 TT TIENG ANH

With that in mind, I chose to study the dissertation: "General education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010" as a doctoral dissertation, specialized in Vietnamese history.. Study su

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

The work has been completed at:

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES,

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

Supervisor: Assoc Prof.Dr Dinh Quang Hai

Reviewer 1: Assoc Prof Dr Dinh Xuan Ly

Reviewer 2: Assoc Prof Dr Hoang Hong

Reviewer 3: Assoc Prof Dr Ha Manh Khoa

The dissertation is defended at the dissertation assessment committee at the academy level, taking place at the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences,

477 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi

At… Date… Month… Year 2018

The dissertation can be found at:

- National Library of Vietnam;

- Library of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences

INTRODUCTION

1 Rationale of the dissertation

Hoa Binh is a mountainous province, located in the western gateway of the Fatherland After re-establishing the province (in 1991), recognizing the enormous role of general education in the national education system, Hoa Binh ethnic people have always taken care of and created conditions for general education to be gradually renewed and developed

north-Up to now, Hoa Binh province has reached the national standard for universal primary education - anti-illiteracy and junior secondary education Teachers at all levels are not only large in number but also strong in specialty The facilities, teaching and learning equipment are increasingly modern However, besides the achievements, general education in Hoa Binh province in recent years has many weaknesses and shortcomings such as the quality of education at all levels and levels is low and uneven; Teaching and learning in economically and socially disadvantaged areas are limited; Facilities in some areas are still lacking, backward In addition, there are also many other restrictions that need to be addressed

Therefore, the study of general education in Hoa Binh province is critically necessary and there is not a comprehensive, systematic study

of general education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010 With

that in mind, I chose to study the dissertation: "General education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010" as a doctoral dissertation,

specialized in Vietnamese history

2 Objectives and missions

contributed to serve for the planning and development of general education in Hoa Binh province in the future

2.2 Study missions

- Review all documents related to dissertation topic

- Analyze and clarify the advantages and disadvantages; Policies and ways to specific measures for the development of general education of Hoa Binh from 1991 to 2010

- Reinstate the development of general education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010 on the basis of objective and scientific assessment of the achievements, constraints and causes

- Drawing on the characteristics and lessons learned to contribute to the practical basis and arguments for the reform of general education in Hoa Binh province in the current period

3 Subjects and scope of the dissertation

3.1 Study subjects

The dissertation focuses on the development of general education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010

3.2 Scope of the study

Spatial scope: The study carried out in the administrative

boundaries of Hoa Binh province in the period of 1991-2010 including: Hoa Binh city and districts of Hoa Binh province

Study period: The dissertation on general education carried out

in Hoa Binh Province for a period of 20 years (from 1991 to 2010)

Scope of content: The dissertation studied the policies and ways

of the Party, the State and the application of the Party Committee of Hoa Binh province on the development of general education; study the status and development process of the general education Based

on that, it made objective comments and assessments on general education in Hoa Binh from 1991 to 2010 and drew some experiences for the next stages of development

4.2 Research methods

The author used two major methods, primarily the historical method and the logical method It also incorporates the use of other interdisciplinary research methods such as analysis, syndissertation, statistics, comparison, collation and field surveys to validate, supplement the materials in conductingdissertation

4.3 Research resources

- Documents and documents of the Party, the State, the Ministry

of Education and Training (MOET); The Provincial People's Committee, the People's Committee, Hoa Binh Statistical Office and other departments and branches of the province related to education

in general, general education in particular from 1991 to 2010

- Annual reports of the Department of Education and Training

of Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2010

Research works, publications and dissertations on general education in general and related to general education of Hoa Binh province in particular have been published

5 New contributions to the science of the dissertation

- The dissertation clarifies the ways and policies of the Party and State on general education and the application of Hoa Binh province to local practice

- The dissertation analyzes the affecting factors and reconstructing the picture relatively comprehensive and systematic about the status of general education in Hoa Binh province from 1991

to 2010

- The dissertation draws the main characteristics, some experiences and raises some issues for the development of general education in Hoa Binh province in the next periods

6 Theoretical and practical significances of the dissertation

6.1 Theoretical and practical significances

The dissertation contributes to providing theoretical and scientific arguments for the development of education in general and general education in particular, as well as contributing to the study and supplementation of theories on the history of educational development in Vietnam

6.2 Practical significance

- The dissertation contributes additional materials to study the history of general education in Hoa Binh province in particular and the history of Vietnam education in general

- The results of the dissertation help to plan guidelines for general education development in Hoa Binh province and the next period

- The dissertation contributes to the practical work of studying and teaching local history to students at all levels in the province

7 Structure of the dissertation

Apart from the introduction, conclusion, appendix, references, the main contents of the dissertation are presented in four chapters:

Chapter 1 Overview of studies relevant to dissertation

Chapter 2 Overview of Hoa Binh province and the development

of general education in Hoa Binh province from 1991 to 2001

Chapter 3.The development of general education in Hoa Binh

province for the 2001-2010 period

Chapter 4 Comments and experiences

Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF STUDIES RELATED TO THE DISSERTATION 1.1 Studies on education and general education

This is a group of research that gives the author a general overview of education in general education and general education in Vietnam in particular, as well as seizes the experience of improving the quality of human resources in developed educational countries, related to the content of the dissertation

1.2 Studies related to education in Hoa Binh province

The previous studies in Hoa Binh province gives the author a specific view, the data and comments necessary for reference in the

process of implementing dissertation, typically such as: Hoa Binh

Geography, Party History of Hoa Binh province (1929 - 2010), history of education and training in Hoa Binh province (1945 - 2008), etc In addition, articles and dissertations related to

dissertation were also reviewed by the author

1.3 The results of previous studies and issues that current study to addressed

1.3.1 The results of published works

The previous studies have solved the following problems:

Firstly: Studies on education and general education

- Many theoretical studies on education are the basis for the policy guidelines on education in our country

- A number of projects have reviewed Vietnam's education through historical periods and drawn lessons learnt for the development orientation of education and training in Vietnam in the coming years

- Some authors have mentioned strengthening international cooperation and applying experiences in some countries with

developed education to improve the quality of education; indicates the impact of resources and policies on education and training in Vietnam

- Several works, articles and dissertations on general education have provided an overview of the status and solutions to improve the quality of general education in the current period

Second: Studies related to education in Hoa Binh province

- Some of the works have reproduced the entire picture of Hoa Binh through written sources, fieldwork Educational development of Hoa Binh province is also mentioned in the most general way in these works

- A number of works have been comprehensively summarized about the congresses of Hoa Binh provincial Party Committee; through which the policies, guidelines for educational development are also mentioned in the works

- Some works have been directly studied on education and training in Hoa Binh province but have not studied in detail the general education

1.3.2 Issues that current study need to address

First, the analysis clarifies the factors affecting GDP in Hoa

Binh province; as well as the policy of the Party and the Party of Hoa Binh province on the development of general education

Second, clarify the status of general education in Hoa Binh from

1991 to 2010

Thirdly, based on the objective assessment of development of

general education in Hoa Binh province, it draws the main characteristics and some experiences for the next stages of development

Chapter 2 DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL EDUCATION

OF HOA BINH PROVINCE IN THE PERIOD 1991-2001 2.1 Overview of Hoa Binh province and general education in Hoa Binh before the re-establishment (1991)

2.1.1 Overview of Hoa Binh province and factors affecting the development of general education in Hoa Binh province

- Geographical location, natural conditions: Hoa Binh is a

mountainous province located in the North West gate of the country The area of the province is 4,596.4 km2, mainly agricultural - forestry land, the rest is mostly limestone mountains and bare hills National Highway 6 passes through 125 km of Hoa Binh, connecting Hanoi, the North Delta with North West and Upper Laos As of 2009, Hoa Binh has 10 districts and 1 city, 210 communes, wards and towns with a population of 832,543 people and is the residence of many ethnic groups, of which the Muong ethnic group accounts for majority 62.98% With geographical location, the above natural conditions have greatly affected the development of general education in Hoa Binh

- Economy: After 20 years of re-establishing the province

(1991-2010), the GDP continued to grow at an average rate of 7.6%/year in the 1991-1995 period 7.5% per annum for the period 1996-2000; 8%/year in the 2001-2005 period, especially in the 2006-2010 period, the average growth rate is 12.14% The economic restructuring of Hoa Binh province has been gradually reducing the proportion of agriculture, forestry and fishery, increasing the proportion of industry, construction and services, contributing significantly the total provincial budget revenue, so that education investment is also increasing at an annual rate, which is an important driving force for

general education to be developed

- Historical, cultural and social traditions: In the history of

developing and defending the country, in the area of important positions and difficult terrains, the people of Hoa Binh ethnic groups have tradition of patriotism, long struggle The ethnic groups in the province have the pride of being a famous culture that is Hoa Binh culture, as well as the cultural nuances of the ethnic minorities, which created the abundance and diversity of Vietnamese culture It

is a solid foundation for general education in Hoa Binh province to

be developed, as well as contributing to the preservation and promotion of cultural values of the nation

2.1.2 General education in Hoa Binh province before establishment (1991)

re-From 1954 to 1975, the education sector of Hoa Binh province undertook its new task of focusing on developing education, eradicating illiteracy, and actively increasing production for resistance The province's GDP is constantly being developed The outstanding result is that in 1958, Hoa Binh Socialist Youth Workers School was established This is the first "part-time" school in Vietnam and becoming a national education model In the beginning

of 1961, Hoa Binh was the first mountainous province to complete the illiteracy eradication It contributed significantly to the training of human resources and liberation of the unified South of the country From 1976 to 1991, implementing the Resolution of the second session of the National Assembly (V session), two provinces Ha Tay and Hoa Binh were merged into Ha Son Binh province For Hoa Binh area, the education sector has focused on the direction and there are new developments The typical advanced agencies such as Hoang Van Thu, Lac Thuy, Lac Son A, Kim Boi Bhigh schools; and Phuong Lam Secondary School and Huu Nghi Secondary School B have become the pioneers of the education movement in Hoa Binh

In addition to the achievements, the development of general education in Hoa Binh from 1954 to 1991 also revealed many limitations: the quality of comprehensive education is low, the rate of illiteracy is quite high Facilities are poor; Teacher life is very difficult, Hoa Binh mountainous districts lack teachers, etc These are the issues that Hoa Binh needs to address in the next years

2.2 The historical background and the policy of renovating general education in Hoa Binh province (1991 - 2001)

2.2.1 Historical background and requirements for general education reform

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the changing world situation, the trend of education reform in the world, put Vietnam in a situation where there is an increasing danger of "lagging behind" the educational development momentum of the world After re-establishing the province (in 1991), Hoa Binh is one of the poorest provinces in the country with low educational level and difficult socio-economic development conditions Given the above context, it has had a great impact on the requirements of human resource training and socio-economic development of Hoa Binh province

2.2.2 Party policy and the application of the Party of Hoa Binh province on the development of general education

Assessing the current status of education in Vietnam, the Party and State have issued many guidelines and policies on education development, including general education; Particularly concentrated

in the Fourth Plenum of the Communist Party (VII session), the Second Party Congress (VIII session) of the Party, issued a resolution on education reform

Fully grasp the guidelines and policies of the Party and the State,

Hoa Binh province has proposed policies and measures to develop general education in the new period, which was mainly addressed at the fourth conference (term XI) of the Party Plan No 101/KH-TU of

the Provincial Party Committee, has set the requirements for training human resources, serving goals, socio-economic development strategy set by the Party of Hoa Binh province

2.3 Development of general education in Hoa Binh province for the first 10 years after re-establishment (1991 - 2001)

2.3.1 Capacity building of staff and teachers

The education and training sector of Hoa Binh province has introduced many solutions to ensure the quantity and quality of staffs and teachers As a result, staff and teachers have many positive changes By the school year of 2000 - 2001, the province has overcome the shortage of teachers, especially teachers in upland, remote areas In addition, the quality of teachers has gradually increased, the province has 35-40% excellent and good teachers, only 10-15% of teachers are weak, need to replace and retraining This is the result of decisive solutions to the development of the sector

2.3.2 Developing the diverse class and school system and scale

2.3.3 Quality of education and training

Improving the quality of education and training is a target number one of the sector Thus, the quality of general education has been continuously improved over the years Particularly, in October 1995, Hoa Binh province was recognized as achieving universal primary education standard - eradicating illiteracy On the results of the

national excellent student competition, in the 1994-1995 school year, Hoa Binh was recognized as the first mountainous provinces and ranked second in 53 provinces and cities and ranked first in the number of excellent students in group B In the 2001-2002 school year, Hoa Binh continued to lead the group B in terms of the number

of excellent students

2.3.4 Investment in facilities, equipment for education

Implementing the determination to tile and proceeding to solidify the school, Hoa Binh province has make use of the maximum human resources, in order to speed up the construction of facilities and equipment for schools By the 2000-2001 school year, the whole province had 30% of schools of high building, 40% of semi-permanent schools, 100% of secondary schools and high schools were built high building Every year, the province has deducted 6 - 10% of the total expenditure of the sector for the procurement of textbooks, teaching aids and equipment, and has step

by step met the requirements of teaching and learning of schools

2.3.5 Education management, developing Party organizations, unions in schools

Education management has implemented in the direction of standardization, publicity, fairness and decentralized management Inspection activities focus on professional inspection, timely resolve the letter, complaint The work of ideological political education and the development of Party organization, unions in the schools are considered and promoted effectively, contributing significantly to the overall achievement of the schools

Summary of chapter 2

Implementing the Party's policy on education and training reform, a mountainous province re-established (in 1991), Hoa Binh province has quickly caught up with the reform of education,