Ngoài ra thì hiện tại tiếp diễn còn dùng để chỉ trích, phàn nàn về các thói quen xấu gây khó chịu cho người khác.. He is always playing truant.[r]
Trang 2Unit 1 FAMILY LIFE PART I LANGUAGE FOCUS
1 Vocabulary
Chore (n): việc vặt
Homemaker (n): nội trợ
Breadwinner (n): người kiếm tiền nuôi gia đình
Split (v): chia
Heavy lifting (n-phr): việc mang vác nặng
Groceries (n): hàng tạp phẩm
Laundry (n): việc giặt
Washing – up (n-phr): việc rửa bát đĩa
Share (v): chia sẻ
Enormous (adj): rất lớn
Sociable (adj): hòa đồng
Nurture (v): nuôi dưỡng
Balance (v): cân bằng
2 Grammar
2.1 The present simple
2.1.1 Form
+) S + V(s/ es) He goes to work.
-) S + do/does not + V He does not go to work.
?) Do/Does + S + V? Does he go to work?
* Notes:
Đổi với thể khẳng định, ta thêm -s hoặc -es vào sau động từ khỉ chủ ngữ ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít
(She, He, It, My father, Her cousin, ).
Ví dụ: He goes to school, She brushes her teeth, My father works in a factory
* Quy tắc thêm -s/es:
+) Ta thêm -es vào sau các động từ tận cùng là o, s, ss, ch, sh, x: do → does, focus → focuses, discuss → discusses, watch → watches, finish → finishes
+) Với các động từ tận cùng là y và trước y là phụ âm, ta đổi y thành -ies: try → tries, carry → carries
+) Với đa số các động còn lại ta thêm -s vào sau động từ: learn → learns, prepare → prepares, cook → cooks
2.1.2 Use: Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để nói về:
- Thói quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại
e.g I prepare dinner quite early most days
(Hầu hết mọi ngày tôi đều chuàn bị bữa tối khá sớm)
He goes to work every week
Trang 3(Anh ây đi làm mỗi tuần)
- Những tình huống ổn định, lâu dài
e.g I have a villa in Hanoi
(Tôi có một căn biệt thự ở Hà Nội)
My sister works in a big company
(Chị gái tôi làm việc cho một công ty lớn)
- Chân lý hoặc thực tế.
e.g Monkeys do not live in water
(Khỉ không sống dưới nước)
If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils
(Nếu bạn đun nước đến 100 độ c, nó sẽ sôi)
- Ngoài ra thì hiện tại đơn còn được dùng đe kể chuyện, các bộ phim, kịch, hoặc các cuốn sách.
e.g In "Tom and Jerry", Tom and Jerry live in the same house
(Trong phim hoọt hình "Tom và Jerry", Tom và Jerry sống trong cùng một ngôi nhà)
* Note: Các từ chỉ thời gian dùng với thì hiện tại đơn: always, usually, often, sometimes, normally, every day,
every week, rarely
2.2 The present continuous
2.2.1 Form:
+) S + am/is/are + V- ing They are watching TV.
-) S + am/is/are not + V-ing They are not watching TV.
?) Am/Is/Are +S + V-ing? Are they watching TV?
2.2.2 Use: Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn được dùng để nóỉ về:
- Hành động đang xảy ra ngay tại thời điêm nói.
e.g You are holding my hand
(Bọn đang cầm tay tôi)
Be quiet! I am listening to English
(Trật tự đi Mình đang nghe Tiếng Anh)
- Tình huống tạm thời.
e.g My teacher is living in Singapore now He will come back Vietnam soon
(Thầy giáo của tôi hiện đang sống ở Singapo Thầy sẽ quay về Việt Nam sớm)
I am not working at the moment
(Hiện tại tôi không làm việc)
- Xu thế hoặc tình huống đang thay đối
e.g The price of milk is rising sharply
(Giá sữa đang tăng mạnh)
Trang 4- Ngoài ra thì hiện tại tiếp diễn còn dùng để chỉ trích, phàn nàn về các thói quen xấu gây khó chịu cho
người khác.
e.g He is always playing truant
(Cậu ấy luôn luôn trốn học)
* Note:
Các từ chỉ thời gian đi với thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: now, right now, at present, at the moment,
currently, this week/month/year
3 Pronunciation
Consonant clusters (các cụm phụ âm): /tr/,/br/, and /kr/
3.1 Cụm phụ âm /tr/: là sự kết hợp của âm đơn /t/ và âm đơn /r/
truck, trend, train, treat, stream, construct, tree, trouser
3.2 Cụm phụ âm /br/: là sự kết hợp của âm đơn /b/ và âm đơn /r/
Britain, bright, brown, brand, embrace, bridge, brick, browser
3.3 Cụm phụ âm /kr/: là sự kết hợp của âm đơn /k/và âm đơn /r/
cry, cream, crab, croak, scream, crazy, incredible, creative
PART II PRACTICE
1 Match each picture with a suitable word/ phrase.
Your answer:
Trang 51 e 2 d 3 a 4 c 5 b
2 Give the English word and Vietnamese meaning to each of the following transcription.
1 chore /tʃɔ:(r)/ (n): _việc vặt
2 _breadwinner /ˈbredwɪnə(r)/ (n): _người kiếm tền nuôi gia đình
3 _heavy lifting _ /ˌhevi ˈlɪftɪŋ/ (n-phr): việc mang vác nặng _
4 _groceries /ˈɡrəʊsəriz/ (n): _hàng tạp phẩm _
5 laundry /ˈlɔːndri/ (n): việc giặt
6 _share _ /ʃeə(r)/ (v): _chia sẻ _
7 _enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ (adj): rất lớn _
8 _sociable _ /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ (adj): _hòa đồng
9 _nurture _ /ˈnɜːtʃə(r)/ (v): _nuôi dưỡng
10 balance _ /ˈbæləns/ (v): _cân bằng
3 Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 His mom _always does _ (always/do) the laundry at 8 every evening.
2 At the moment, he is watching (watch) his favorite film on Channel 5.
3 Every day, Jane _washes (wash) the dishes but today James _is doing _ (do) the washing - up.
4 We divide the duties in our family I _cook (cook), my husband helps (help) with heavy lifting, and my daughter takes out (take out) the rubbish.
5 When everyone works together on household chores, it _creates _ (create) a positive atmosphere for the
family
6 This shop usually offers (offer) the same discount every month.
7 “What _is he doing _ (he/do)?" - “He is trying _ (try) to fix the computer.”
8 The number of people who are homeless is decreasing (decrease) dramatically this quarter.
9 My brother - in - law _possesses _ (possess) 3 restaurants in Ho Chi Minh City.
10 Her parents normally _travel _ (travel) by plane, but this holiday they are _are travelling_ (travel)
by train
4 Complete the following sentences.
1 He _has _ an amazing collection of robots at present.
2 Peter and John are having/ drinking _ a cup of coffee right now.
3 Look! That monkey is dancing/ eating bananas .
4 “Where is your father?” - “He _is decorating/ painting the living room.”
5 The population of the world is rising/ decreasing _ rapidly.
5 Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.
1 What are you doing to your sister when she behaves badly?
What do you do to your sister when she behaves badly?
Trang 62 I always have my lunch late, but I have my lunch early today as I have an appointment
I always have my lunch late, but I am having my lunch early today as I have an appointment.
3 I am doing the laundry at the same time every week.
I do the laundry at the same time every week.
4 Linda is going shopping when she has time
Linda goes shopping when she has time
5 Peter works hard to get the presentation ready for next week
Peter is working hard to get the presentation ready for next week.
PART III TEST YOURSELF
1 Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the sentences.
breadwinner groceries washing-up sociable laundry
enormous for homemaker shares chores
1 A _homemaker is a person who manages a home and often raises children instead of earning money
from a job
2 A _breadwinner is the member of a family who earns the money that the family needs.
3 In a food store, shop or supermarket, you can buy a lot of groceries such as food and clothes.
4 There are a lot of dirty clothes and sheets in Tom’s room, so it’s time for him to do his laundry _
5 Traditionally, girls have to do _washing - up _ which consists of cleaning plates, pans, glasses, forks, etc
after a meal
6 When I’ve done my _chores _ which involve cleaning the floor and washing the curtain, I will go out
with my friends
7 In my family, everyone shares _ the household duties My mother cooks, my father cleans, my sister
does all the laundry and I do the washing - up
8 In many cultures, a father is the breadwinner, who is responsible for the family finances.
9 A variety of people do not realize the _enormous benefits of joining hands to do housework in a family.
10 At school, Jack is very sociable with his teachers and friends He likes to meet and spend time
with them
2 Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the right
1 vulnerable a being of equal weight or force
2 nurture b consisting of three or even four generations
3 extended family c needing effort and energy to move
4 heavy lifting d taking care of, feeding and protecting
5 balance e easy to be hurt
Your answer:
1 _e 2 _d 3 _b 4 _c 5 _a
3 Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
Trang 71 To be fair, we need to divide the tasks _equally (equal)
2 My mom and dad are checking the _preparation for their gold wedding anniversary (prepare)
3 Heavy lifting is an action which requires physical _ strength (physic)
4 It is good for them as individuals and good for all the _relationships _ within the family (relate)
5 Psychologists say that a lot of young people are not aware of these advantages (Psychology)
6 Her _contribution to the company is enormous (contribute)
7 In order to maintain peace, we should not be critical of each other (criticize)
8 I want to see the very cute and lovely children at _nursery schools (nurse)
9 Mary and her husband always join hands in _educating their daughters (educate)
10 A person will be considered _ungrateful _ if he or she does not take good care of his or her parents or
grandparents (grate)
4 Choose the best answer.
1 Women whose husbands do not contribute to household chores are more vulnerable to illness The underlined word has the closest meaning to
2 Tom: “Which of the chores do you dislike doing the most?” - Jerry: “ ”
A I like cooking and sweeping the floor
B I do the laundry, cook and wash the dishes
C Well, my favorite activity is doing the washing - up
D Washing the dishes, because I often break things when I do the washing - up
3 As a housewife, she stays at home and her children She takes care of them, feeds them and protects them
to develop
4 It is unfair to state that a woman’s job is to look everyone in the family and takes care the house
A in - on B after - in C of - of D after - of
5 “The lecturer splits the students into four groups” has the closest meaning to
A The lecturer divides the students into four groups
B The lecturer divided the students into four groups
C The lecturer goes into four groups of students
D The lecturer went into four groups of students
6 “They equally share the parenting” has the closest meaning to
A They are all unemployed
B They take care of each other
C They come back home at the same time
D They share the housework and childcare evenly
Trang 87 is the state where things are of equal weight or force.
8 David’s part - time job requires a lot of Therefore, he usually carries the boxes weighing up to 50 kilos and he needs effort and energy to move them
A light lifting B easy carrying C heavy lifting D simple chores
9 According to a survey, a lot of young people prefer to live in families which consist of parents and children
A nuclear B extended C three generation D four generation
10 The family, which consists of three or even four generations is only popular in some regions today
11 I can’t answer the phone now I dinner
12 Excuse me, you your newspaper? Could I borrow it?
A are - read B are - reading C do - reading D do - read
13 My mum usually the washing - up
14 I am afraid he can’t go out with you right now He his car
15 Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
16 We how to use energy more efficiently now than in the past
17 Choose the answer which needs correcting
As the air is rising, it becomes cooler and the water vapor inside it changes into droplets of water
18 Choose the answer which needs correcting
From the graphs, we can see that the number of employees employed by this firm increases each year
19 Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
20 Choose the answer which needs correcting
I wear casual clothes because we are having a party at lunchtime
5 Rearrange the words/phrases to make meaningful sentences.
1 is / at the moment / The / improving / financial / company’s / situation /
Trang 9The company's financial situation is improving at the moment.
2 want/ the / Be / to / quiet! / hear / I / news
Be quiet! I want to hear the news.
3 retiring / Linda / is / of / thinking / early / she/ anymore./ because / isn’t / happy / at work /
Linda is thinking of retiring early because she isn't happy at work anymore.
4 of / The / wild / number / falling./ butterflies / is
The number of wild butterflies is falling.
5 oil supplies / Some experts / say / will / the next 20 years./ start / to fall / within / that /
Some experts say that oil supplies will start to fall within the next 20 years.
6 Read the passage and choose the best answer.
Todays (1) for measurable childhood success-from the Common Core to college placement-have chased (2) chores from the to-do lists of many young people In a survey of 1,001 U.S adults released last fall by Braun Research, 82% reported having regular chores growing up, but only 28% said that they require their own children to do them With students (3) pressure to learn Mandarin, run the chess club or get a varsity letter, chores have fallen victim to the imperatives of resume-build- ing-though it is hardly clear that such activities are a better use of their time
“Parents today want their kids spending time on things that can bring (4) success, but ironically, we’ve stopped doing one thing that’s actually been a proven predictor of success-and that’s household chores,” says Richard Rende, a developmental psychologist in Paradise Valley, Ariz., and co-author of the forthcoming book “Raising Can-Do Kids.” Decades of studies (5) the benefits of
chores-academically, emotionally and even professionally
By JENNIFER BREHENY WALLACE
1 A demand B demands C interest D interests
2 A household B social C breadwinner D society
6 How many percent of U.S adults require their own children to do household chores?
7 What do parents today want their kids to spend time on?
A things that can bring them success B things that they can C leisure D sports
FUN CORNER
Tom is Andy’s son, but why doesn’t Tom call Andy dad or father?
Trang 10Because Andy is Tom’s mother.