use” In the sentences below, identify the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect.. PATTERNS TO REMEMBER { The present participle, or -ing form, can be an adjective which descri
Trang 12 Please deliver an equipment to cy) OO) DMD
A the cafeteria, which is located down
B
3 After receiving a hospital bill, the patient questioned @® OD
A
an error in the charges and received
the reimbursement from the hospital
the plants are outdated and the workers are overworked
5 The taxes to the government must be paid before @ Oo ®D
the deadline; otherwise there is a penalty
6 The cash, which was bonus for being number one, totaled @ OD |
more than the previous bonuses put together
D
7 Former vice president, Ms Alford, had surveyed the field Cf) C3 DM
and found opportunities in the competition’s markets
8 The engineers believe that the vehicle was not defective CA C3 Œ>
and that accident was the result of the driver’s error
aera
tte eee
Trang 2
10
Construction has begun on first of five structures
scheduled to open in the spring
D
City home buyers may be entitled to the refunds if
their agents made errors on the contracts
Œ Œ œŒ @®
READING PRACTICE 135
Trang 3PARTICIPLES
On the TOEIC test, you must select the appropriate participle and place it correctly
A spoken language
PATTERNS TO REMEMBER
BỊ The participial phrase does not require a form of the verb be
INCORRECT [The worker was causing the most problems was fired.|
CORRECT The worker causing the most problems was fired
MÃ The participial phrase must directly precede or follow the noun it is modifying
INCORRECT [The cat scared the child attacking Hre mouse ] CORRECT The cat attacking the mouse scared the child
The past participle represents a reduced passive form This means the person or thing it describes has received, not done, an action
INCORRECT [The meeting scheduling for this morning has been canceled.]
CORRECT The meeting scheduled for this morning has been canceled
use” In the sentences below, identify the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect
1 Agreeing to sell most of its assets and eventually @ Oo ®
A
is phasing out the business, the firm will be merging
witha newly formed corporation
D
A
bored by their routine, needed stimulated
incentives and instigated their proposed benefit program
D
3 Some frustrating artists, organizing to form an association, CA OO Dw
A
B found themselves facing disinterested artists
136 READING PRACTICE
Trang 4
The plans announced for the proposing plant were met @ QO ®©
with enthusiasm by the unemployed public hoping
for job opportunities
Overheating badly, the motorist realized his engine Oo @oO © ©
could suffer serious damage if he didn’t pull off the road and stop
Coming from private industry into public education @ QO ©
A
and brought with her a business-minded way of
B
doing things, the new superintendent of schools realizes
Cc
whata challenging job she has
D
reservations, we found ourselves were frantically calling
Cc
all over town to reserve other rooms
D
Employees previously dissatisfied are now feeling much better @ Oo ®M
with Human Resources offered new benefits and
Cc improving their jobs
D
READING PRACTICE 137
Trang 59 The CEO deciding to resign, thereby is accepting all @ QO Œ>
responsibility for the scandals jeopardizing the company,
Cc
has proven to be good for the value of the stock
D
has more than doubled in value, making those who purchased it
a very satisfied group of investors
D
138 READING PRACTICE
Trang 6
PATTERNS TO REMEMBER { The present participle, or -ing form, can be an adjective which describes
the person or thing that created or is creating a feeling or reaction
INCORRECT [The company’s amazed progress has captured
everyone’s attention.]
CORRECT The company’s amazing progress has captured
everyone’s attention
The present participle can be an adjective which describes the use or purpose of a person or thing It can also describe the activity that the
person or thing is involved in
INCORRECT [We need more filed cabinets in this office.]
CORRECT We need more filing cabinets in this office
INCORRECT [Fed sharks can be extremely dangerous.]
CORRECT Feeding sharks can be extremely dangerous
The past participle can be an adjective which describes the person or
thing that received or is receiving the feeling or reaction
INCORRECT [The amazing stockholders rushed to buy more shares
in the company.]
CORRECT The amazed stockholders rushed to buy more shares in
In the sentences below, identify the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect
1 The corporation is restructuring the marketing division to @ QO ®M
reach the sophisticated consumer interesting in luxury goods
2 The satisfying patrons, returning for the third time to the CY) Oo ®©
restaurant, were surprised to find a newly hired chef
3 The stranded tourists, left without valid tickets, tried CA oO dD
repeatedly to contact the disorganizing tour guide
READING PRACTICE 139
Trang 7
140
10
The attorney advising a leading manufacturer of
cleaning products wanted limiting liability protection
The finished report, filling with tentative findings and
proposed changes, had no statistics in the appendix
The advertising magnate, accusing of siphoning money, had
concealed the stolen funds in hidden accounts
Comparing with last year, reported earnings
in the fourth quarter increased 48 percent despite
Cc
repeated rumors to the contrary
D
Mr Jacobs, suffered from jet lag, made a decision which
was considered unfortunate by all concerned
Paula Halpern is an outstanding example of how
A
a disadvantaging person who is goal-oriented can achieve
striking accomplishments in the business world
D
Our company’s leading role in eliminating roaming charges
for our wireless phone customers has caused a soared rise
C
in the number of people signing up for our
D
cell phone services
READING PRACTICE
Trang 8
PRONOUNS
Pronouns can take the place of nouns or noun phrases There are four forms of
pronouns
SUBJECT PRONOUNS 1, you, she, etc
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS mine, yours, hers, etc
On the TOEIC test, it is important to remember to use the appropriate pronoun (form)
in the correct place (position) or the appropriate possessive adjective + a noun phrase
PATTERNS TO REMEMBER
& Pronouns cannot follow their antecedents directly
INCORRECT [Shipping rates to Panama they fluctuate frequently.]
CORRECT Shipping rates to Panama fluctuate frequently
@ Pronouns agree with their antecedents in number, gender, and
grammatical function
INCORRECT [That was our shipment, so we will pay for them.]
CORRECT That was our shipment, so we will pay for it
& A possessive pronoun takes the place of a possessive adjective + noun or noun phrase Don’t confuse it with a possessive adjective (my, your, her,
etc.), which must precede a noun or noun phrase
INCORRECT [That’s your book; this is my.]
® In the sentences below, identify the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect
1 Although the company prides itself on its uniqueness, @ OO ®O
they want to open a second store there
2 The manager herself was unable to make her own deadline cd) Oo) DM
on the project, so she asked for ours assistance with it
READING PRACTICE 14]
Trang 9
142
10
Although he recalled making her hotel reservation for her,
they were not available on her arrival
The menu it was left with us so we could choose our dessert
His staff will hold it’s meetings in our conference room until
his offices have been repainted
D
Because they’re tariffs are so changeable, our agents are
researching other ways we could ship our cargo
Their profits they soared in the first quarter due to their new
branch, which by itself surpassed all branches combined
D
Because our flight was filled to capacity, we were unable
to get the seats we had requested and which had been
C
reserved for ours
D
If your client demands to see our warranty, show it to him
A and let him read, sign, and return them to us
Your buying stock in my company is risky, but my appreciate
your doing it
D
READING PRACTICE
Trang 10SUBJECT-VERB ÄGREEMENT
The subject and verb of a sentence or clause must agree in number (singular, plural)
and person (first, second, third)
PATTERNS TO REMEMBER
&& Collective nouns that refer to units are considered singular in number
INCORRECT [The entire groip are researching a new plan.]
CORRECT The entire group is researching a new plan
& Collective nouns that refer to singular separate elements are considered plural in number
INCORRECT [Only a few people has replied to the survey ] CORRECT Only a few people Have replied to the survey
if Some nouns end in s but are considered singular in number
INCORRECT [The financial news are found in the business section.]
CORRECT The financial ews is found in the business section
& Sometimes the subject and verb of a sentence are separated by a phrase
that may make the agreement difficult
INCORRECT [The effect of computers on careers and goals have
been phenomenal.]
CORRECT The effect of computers on careers and goals has been
phenomenal
i In the sentences below, identify the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect
1 The committee that was organized to review new policies @ QO ®D
have already met twice this month and passed two resolutions
2 County police who was asked to investigate were able to @ Oo @&
apprehend the suspects immediately
3 Those having problems with mathematics, which are an @ Oo ®D
exact science, have to train themselves to be analytical
READING PRACTICE 143