Tài liệu Delta''''s key to the next generation toefl test part 35 pptx

Now a teaching assistant writes the following question on the board and wants you to respond orally: Using points and examples from the lecture, describe the mass migrations of people

Qh exension

1, Listen again to the conversations in Exercise 3.8.A As you listen, fill in the missing information on the blank lines in the script below Do not try to write down every word Take brief notes that will

help yot uu remember only the key information Check your answers with the audio script on page 647

CONVERSATION 1

&? SPEAKING, Track 25

M:

Ww:

M:

Os

Oh, not really, it’s just that

What happened to it?

It’s

Well, you'd better

Are you fiee right now?

Yes, for a little while

Well, come on then, I'll walk over there with you I'm already heading that way

I can’t

Baseball practice! You shouldn't

lot already, and

You need to

And

There isn’t anything else to do at my job

Well, then you'd better

I know, I know

op

(CONVERSATION 2

@ SPEAKING, Track 26

W:

M:

W:

I need help with

OK What can I do for you?

Detta’s Key To THE Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test

W:

O»

3.8 SUMMARIZING A PROBLEM

Hmm I see what you mean You've already got a full schedule, Why don’t you

2

in both

‘er and Spring Quarters

1 Well, with your schedule, this may be your only choice Another possil

An evening course ugh

ty, of course, is Will you be around this summer?

T hope to „ and then So this is

kind of a problem for me

CONVERSATION 3

© SPEAKING, Track 27

W:

M:

How are your classes going?

All right mostly, that is, except for The class

is fine, but

That’s not good You need to You can’t

You need to

He has to take responsibility for his part of the project

That's for sure He’s hard to get a hold of, too I’ve left several messages on his answering

machine

It’s kind of late for that Besides,

Qu

DeLrA'o Key 10 THE Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test 337

CONVERSATION 4

&@) SPEAKING, Track 28

M: Hi, Nicole How’ it going?

W: Myclasses are going well

M: Whats wrong with your

rouble this morning It

I need to have it checked out, but

W: But I’m not

M: Check it out anyway Maybe you don’t have to be

Just tell them you're a student

W: — Well, maybe

sometimes advertise services like this Maybe you can

W: Hmm Maybe Thanks for the tips

No problem Good luck

M:

OQ sen

CONVERSATION 5

© SPEAKING, Track 29

„1 was wondering if

„ then you can try to

But haven’t you already

3.8 SUMMARIZING A PROBLEM

W: Then try not to „ and try to do well on it too Your test scores

so far have not been strong You could be

M: Do you mean I might

W: At this point, you need to Why

don’t you

M: Well, I guess I could But, to tell the truth, I don’t have

W: Then, in that case, you need to

you should

Q=

Share and discuss your recorded response to one of the speaking questions in Exercise 3.8.A

Work in a group of three or four students Listen to each student's recorded response Discuss each

student’s response by answering the following questions:

a Does the response accurately convey information from the conversation about the

problem and solutions?

Does the speaker state an opinion about the solution to the problem? What is the

speaker's opinion? What reason is given for this opinion’?

Can the response be easily understood? Why or why not?

._Is the response coherent? Why or why not?

Does the response answer the question effectively? Why or why not?

Make suggestions that will help each student improve in the future

Detta’s Key To THe Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test 339

3.9 Integrated Speaking:

Summarizing Important Ideas

Q Focus

Imagine you have just listened to a lecture in a world history class The professor spoke about mass migrations of people in the nineteenth century While you were listening, you took notes on the key points Now a teaching assistant writes the following question on the board and wants you to respond orally:

Using points and examples from the lecture, describe the mass migrations of people in the nineteenth century, and explain why these migrations occurred

You are given 20 seconds to prepare your response before you begin to speak How would you use this preparation time?

Close your eyes and relax for a few seconds

Panic and forget everything that you heard in the lecture

_ Write a response that you will read aloud

Plan to answer only the first part of the question,

Review your notes and think about what you will say

Is it a good idea to close your eyes and relax? We all need to relax, but taking a break during your preparation time is probably not a good choice Also, if you have enough practice with this type of activity, you will not panic and forget everything you just heard

Should you write your response, and then read it aloud? You do not have enough time to do this No one can write that fast, Should you plan to answer only one part of the question and hope that will be good enough? Definitely not—doing that would make your response incomplete The task requires you to do two things: (1) describe mass migrations, and (2) explain why they occurred,

‘The best way to use your preparation time is to review your notes and think about what you will say Think

about what the professor said about mass migrations Scan your notes for ideas and details that will help

you describe mass migrations and explain why they occurred Organize your thoughts and get ready to

speak

3.9 SUMMARIZING IMPORTANT IDEAS

(7.00 YOU KNOW

1, Two of the integrated speaking tasks involve the two language skills of listening and speal

the second listening-speaking task you will

= listen to a short lecture about an academic topic; and

~ summarize the important information in the lecture

2 A summary is a brief report of the important points The question will require you to summarize,

to explain the major ideas and important supporting information from the lecture For this task,

your opinion is irrelevant and should not be included in your response Your response should be

based only on the information in the lecture

3 You will not know what the speaking question is until after you have listened to the lecture,

However, you can expect that the question will ask about key ideas While you are listening to the lecture, focus on the ideas that you think are most important, and take notes about them Do not try

to write down everything Limit your notes to key ideas and a few important details

4 You have 20 seconds to prepare your response Read the question carefully Review your notes and select information from the lecture that you can use to answer the question Plan to make two or

three points Choose relevant details to develop your points Think about what you will say

5 You have 60 seconds to record your response This is enough time to address all parts of the

question Speak at a natural speed, and watch the countdown clock If you plan to make three

points, you have approximately 20 seconds to state and develop each point

6 There is no single correct answer to the question There are several ways to answer the question

successfully An effective response will

> convey relevant information from the lecture:

_ develop points with appropriate details and explanation;

_>* express ideas coherently; and

> be easy for listeners to understand

7 Your response will be easier to understand if you pronounce words clearly and correctly, especially key content words from the lecture Use voice stress to emphasize the key content words—nouns, verbs, and adjectives—that supply relevant information,

“There were several reasons for the mass migrations One reason was the new

types of transportation, such as the railroad and steamship Another reason was

the people could get free land, for example, in the United States and Canada.”

Detta’s Key To THE Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test 341

8 Here is an example of an integrated listening-speaking task:

` SPEAKING, Track 30

(Narrator)

Listen to part of a lecture in a world history class The professor is talking about mass migrations of people

(Professor)

In the nineteenth century, there were several periods when large numbers of people moved from one place to another around the world In many cases, people

moved to another continent These mass migrations were on a much larger scale than any previous migrations in history One major movement was from Europe

to the Americas, Australia, and Africa This migration of Europeans involved

around 60 million people over one hundred years Another mass migration was

from Russia to Siberia and Central Asia Another was from China, India, and

Japan to Southeast Asia

These large movements of people were made possible by the new cheap and fast means of transportation, specifically railroads and steamships Another

important factor was the rapid growth in banking and capital, by which large

investors financed a lot of the settlement In some places, immigrants were given

free land and other benefits if they settled there This is what encouraged a lot of people—both immigrant and native-born—to move westward in the United States

and Canada Thus, most regions of the U.S and Canada were populated by the end

of the nineteenth century

The majority of the people in these mass migrations came from the lower social

and economic classes of society The immigrants were motivated mainly by the hope

of a better life for themselves and their children Since most of the immigrants were unskilled workers, their main contribution to their new countries was the labor they supplied It was the hard work and high hopes of the immigrants that contributed to the economic growth of their new countries

(Narrator)

Using points and examples from the lecture, describe the mass migrations of people

in the nineteenth century, and explain why these migrations occurred

{2 Stop

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time — 60 seconds

3.9 SUMMARIZING IMPORTANT IDEAS

9 The above task requires you to do two things: (1) describe the mass migrations of people in the

nineteenth century, and (2) explain why these migrations occurred

The key points in the lecture are:

> People moved from one part of the world to another on a much larger scale than any previous migrations

_>* The mass migrations occurred because of new cheap and fast means of transportation +2 The migrations occurred because large investors financed a lot of the settlement and gave immigrants free land

_* Most immigrants were motivated mainly by the hope of a better life for themselves

and their children

Here is a successful response by a student:

“Mass migrations of people occurred in the nineteenth century Many people

moved from Europe to other countries, also from China and Japan to other

countries There were several reasons for the mass migrations One reason was

the new types of transportation, such as the railroad and steamship Another

reason was the people could get free land, for example, in the United States

and Canada Also, the people wanted a better life for their children, so they

moved to another country They worked hard to have a better life and build

their new country."

Ves PRACTICE

Exercise 3.9.A

Listen to the recording for each question below To make this practice more like the real test, cover the

question while you are listening You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you answer the question When you hear the question, uncover the question and begin preparing your response You have

20 seconds to prepare and 60 seconds to speak Record your response on a cassette

QUESTION 1

@) SPEAKING, Track 31

Using points and examples from the talk, describe the duties of different types of man-

agers in large hotels

Q»

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time ~ 60 seconds

DELrA's Key 10 THE Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test 545

QUESTION 2

«2 SPEAKING, Track 32

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how two features of the earth’s sur- face influence climate

Ou

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time ~ 60 seconds

QUESTION 3

«> SPEAKING, Track 33

Using points and examples from the talk, describe traditional beliefs about trees, and explain why people have thought of trees as special

Qs

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time ~ 60 seconds

QUESTION 4

@) SPEAKING, Track 34

Using points and details from the talk, describe the physical differences that animals had

to adapt to when they moved from water to land

Oo

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time ~ 60 seconds

5.9 SUMMARIZING IMPORTANT IDEAS

Question 5

7) SPEAKING, Track 35

Using points and details from the lecture, describe the Flatiron Building and explain how

it got its name

Oo»

Preparation Time ~ 20 seconds

Response Time ~ 60 seconds

Key points for Exercise 3.9.A are on page 590

Detta’s KEy T0 THE Next GENERATION TOEFL® Test 545