Bài học kèm bài tập: Sự tương hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ Định nghĩa: Việc lựa chọn động từ số nhiều (plural) hay số ít (singular) để sử dụng với chủ ngữ được gọi là sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject – Verb agreement). Nguyên tắc chung Subject (singular) Verb (singular) chủ ngữ số ít đi với động từ số ít Subject (plural) Verb (plural) chủ ngữ số nhiều đi với động từ số nhiều Ký tự viết tắt: S1 = Subject 1 ; S2 = Subject 2 Singular verb = V (sing) ; Plural verb = V (pl) Singular Noun = N (sing) ; Plural Noun = N (pl) ...
Trang 1SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT
*** Định nghĩa:
Việc lựa chọn động từ số nhiều (plural) hay số ít (singular) để sử dụng với chủ ngữ được gọi là
sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject – Verb agreement)
*** Nguyên tắc chung
Subject (singular) Verb (singular)
chủ ngữ số ít đi với động từ số ít
Subject (plural) Verb (plural)
chủ ngữ số nhiều đi với động từ số nhiều
*** Ký tự viết tắt:
S1 = Subject 1 ; S2 = Subject 2
Singular verb = V (sing) ; Plural verb = V (pl)
Singular Noun = N (sing) ; Plural Noun = N (pl)
A Singular Verb Form:
1.
Subject (sing)
Noun (sing)
Uncountable Noun
+ V(sing)
Examples:
- A student is waiting for you over there.
- Milk is good for health.
2 Gerund
To infinitive + V(sing)
Examples:
- Swimming is good for health.
- To work is to learn
3 That clause
(Noun clause) + V(sing)
Examples:
- That you get very high grades in school is necessary.
- What she has just said makes me suspicious.
4 Nouns (ending in –s) + V(sing)
Examples:
means, phonetics, statistics, gymnastics, athletics, measles, mumps, Aids, rabies, diabetes, news, mathematics, physics, economics, politics…
- Diabetes affects many people around the world.
5.
Title of
- a book
- a film
- a newspaper
+ V(sing) Examples:
- The Burbs is a movie starring Tom Hanks.
6.
Phrases refer to
- measurements
- amounts
- quantities
+ V(sing)
Examples:
- Ten dollars is too cheap to play for this.
- Ten years is too long to wait.
- Ten tons of rice costs a lot of money.
- Three miles is too far to walk.
Trang 2Each / every
Anyone / anybody
Anything
Someone / somebody
Something
Everyone / everybody
Everything
No one / nobody
Nothing
+ V(sing)
Examples:
- Each student has a student card
- Nothing has been seen last night because of
the darkness.
8.
Much of
A lot of
A large amount of
A great deal of
Plenty of
Most of
Almost of
+ N (uncountable) + V(sing)
Examples:
- A lot of money has been spent on improving the standard of living for the poor.
B Plural verb form:
1 Subject (pl)
Noun (pl) + V (pl)
Examples:
- The committee members lead very different lives in private.
2 The + Adjective + V (pl)
Examples:
the rich, the poor, the young, the blind, the old…
- The young are active and enthusiastic.
3 Collective nouns + V (pl)
Examples:
People, Police, Children, Public, Audience, Cattle
- The police are investigating the murder
4.
Some of
Many of
Few / a few of
Both of
Several / all of
A lot of / plenty of
+ Noun (pl) + V (pl)
Examples:
- A few of these products have defects.
- Many of the houses in this neighborhood
don’t have garages.
C Some special cases:
Trang 3S1 and S2 + V (pl)
Note:
Meat pies and peas, fish and chip, bread and butter, research and development
Each + S1 and each + S2
Every + S1 and every + S2
S1 and S2
as a single item + V (sing)
Examples:
- To love and to be loved is the happiest thing on earth.
- Each boy and each girl has a book.
- My good friend and my neighbour is a musician.
- The boss and the secretary have gone on business.
2.
Noun
as a whole unit + V (sing)
Note:
audience, class, club, college, company, crowd, department, family, group, orchestra, public, school, staff, team, university…
Noun
as a collection
of individuals
+ V (pl)
Examples:
- My family is poor while yours is rich.
- My family are well.
3 None of
+ Noun (sing) / Uncountable Noun + V (sing)
Examples:
- None of this money is mine.
- None of the two men are right.
+ Noun (pl) + V (pl)
4.
The number of + Noun (pl) + V (sing) Examples:
- The number of students attending university
is decreasing dramatically recently.
- A number of new cars are being shown in
the showroom.
A number of + Noun (pl) + V (pl)
5 S1
+ with
+ S2 + V (S1)
Examples:
- The politician, along with the newsmen,
is expected shortly.
+ as well as
+ together with
6 Both + S1 and + S2 + V (pl) Examples:
- Both the politician and the newsmen are expected shortly.
7.
Not only + S1 but also + S2
Either + S1 or + S2
Neither + S1 nor + S2
+ V (S2)
Examples:
- Neither my dad nor my brother knows how to ski.
- Either Grandpa or my sisters are going to the waterpark.
Trang 4Choose the correct answers:
1 Jenny with two dogs walking in the park now
2 Mai as well as her friends _ having a picnic now
3 My close friend and colleague, Mark _ married
A have just got B has just got C just have got D just has got
4 The singer and actor _ donated a large amount of money to the local orphanage
5 My family _ always the most important for me
6 Two hundred thousand _ not enough for us to have a good meal in the restaurant now
7 Three years _ like a long time for her to live far from her beloved parents
A is seeming B are seeming C seems D seemed
8 The team _ playing very well and they make their fans shout yell
9 Cattle _ allowed to graze on this meadow long ago
10 None of his money earned by his working
11 None of students failed in this examination
12 Every student willing to take part in the environment month
13 The number of students _ looking for a job now
14 A number of students worried about their employment after graduating
15 Physics my favourite subject
16 The boy, along with his two classmates _ climbing on the roof now
17 Neither the mother nor the children aware of the danger
18 If anyone , tell him I’ll be back later
19 Each of the boys _ to write his curriculum vitae now
20 A number of books in this library written in Chinese
ANSWER KEY