Since the days of Coax and Type 1 cables, the industry has moved to reduce the size and cost through the introduction of UTP cables.. The magic number 32: The number of cables pulled sim
Trang 1The AirES product range
of cables are a true innovation in structured cabling In most evolu-tionary processes the gain in one attribute often sacrifices another With the AirES revolution
all attributes, both physical and electrical,
are improved to provide a “Win-Win” situation
for both the installer and customer
This white paper will focus on the mechanical
attributes and advantages of AirES Herein,
we will discuss the development of the technology
and the byproduct effects on any and all
mechanical parameters
The industry migration to UTP cables in the
first place was a push to make the cabling
plant more cost effective and less obtrusive
Since the days of Coax and Type 1 cables,
the industry has moved to reduce the size and
cost through the introduction of UTP cables
Over several years the electrical performance of
UTP cables has increased dramatically We’ve
migrated from Cat 3 cabling supporting 10BaseT
to Cat 5 supporting 100BaseTX and now our
progression has taken us not only to Cat 5e for
1000BaseT, but to a cabling standard designed
to meet the next technology wave in Cat 6
The IEEE develops these advances in
trans-mission protocol and hands it off to the TIA to
develop the latest and greatest UTP cable
that can support the electrical requirements
At the same time our market has become more and more competitive The price of materials has dropped dramatically, as well
as the price of installation…or has it?
Installers now find that they need to install cables more quickly than before to be com-petitive While at the same time the cables have become more difficult to install! We here at KRONE have been listening to our installers and decided enough is enough It’s time to deliver a product whose electrical performance is superior and at the same time
is actually easier to install
Several attributes are taken into consideration when pulling cable into an installation
1 The raceways that will be used
2 The access to drop locations
3 Timeline for installation
4 Fire codes
5 Product set for both the Telecommunications Closet and Workstation
6 Testing of the product after the installation
is complete
7 Warranty
8 Reliability of brand for installer reputation
The magic number 32:
The number of cables pulled simultaneously makes for faster installation times With AirES cable the pulling tension has been reduced
by 32% on average This means 32% more cables can be pulled at the same time, reducing installation time
Technology
Mechanical Attributes
DEVELOPED
YET ANOTHER
L E A D I N G
T
TE EC CH HN NO OL LO OG GY Y
Trang 2The number of cables that can fit into the
space supplied has also dramatically increased
Fill rates have gone up with AirES by an
average of 32% for C6T and 28% C5eT
The example below is from the NEC fill rate
chart We compared 5 of our leading competitors
equal Category cables against our own They
ranged from a fill rate of 47 to 60 cables at a
40% fill rate in 3” conduit
In both the Cat 5e and Cat 6 examples the fill rate of the AirES cables were much greater than that of all competitors Typically the AirES cable has a 28-32% advantage for C5eT and C6T On the left is a bundle of 24 AirES Cat 6 0.20” cables On the right a bundle of 24
“Industry Standard” Cat 6 0.25” OD cables
The above example is dramatic in showing the size difference between the new and old style cables This is achieved through reducing the size of our pri-mary conductor The effect over a total of 8 conduc-tors in a 4 pair UTP cable is dramatic
What this means to the customer is more cables in the same space or less space needed for the same number of cables! A reduction in cable tray, conduit, raceway, etc For the installer this means less frus-tration due to limited access space
137
93
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
C5ET AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
CAT 5E CABLE FILL 3" CONDUIT @ 40% TO NEC SPECIFICATIONS
CA
CABLE FILL 3” CONDUIT @40%
85
57
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
C6T AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
CAT 6 CABLE FILL 3" CONDUIT @ 40% to NEC SPECIFICATIONS
CABLE FILL 3" CONDUIT @ 40%
AirES CONDUCTOR INDUSTRY STANDARD
CONDUCTOR
AirES 4 pr UTP Cable INDUSTRY STANDARD
4 pr UTP Cable
Trang 3From a safety prospective the AirES cable is better
than industry standard designs We currently use
FEP insulation in the Plenum space to reduce the
risk of fire speed and intensity With AirES the
amount of fuel is reduced by 32% through the
intro-duction of AIR
The number of cables that can be pulled in at the
same time increases greatly for the installer When
a cable is larger in diameter it is also heavier in
weight The effect is an increased amount of force in
pulling tension to remove it from the box and an
increase in cross sectional area for friction during
the pull The smaller bundle size also decreases the
surface area of the same number of cables vs the
industry standard design, which allows for more
cables to be pulled at the same time
Lets take a 1000 drop Cat 6 installation for example
If the installer was to pull 6 cables simultaneously for
the entire installation there would be a total of 167
bundles for the site With the AIRES Cat 6 design
32% more cables can be pulled in due to the
reduced pulling tension Now we are pulling 8
cables in simultaneously The job is now finished
with only 125 bundles pulled
The amount of force needed to terminate has also been greatly reduced due to the smaller conductor size and the introduction of Air On Cat 6 the reduc-tion in force is even greater through the use of a smaller conductor size and less insulation This is achieved through the increased electrical perform-ance of the cable, which you can learn more about in our "Electrical Characteristics of AirES" white paper
In the example below an 11% reduction in force is realized This reduces the amount of fatigue experi-enced by the installer during the termination phase
of the installation
1.5
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0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
C6T AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
AMOUNT OF FORCE NEEDED TO PULL ONE CAT 6 UTP CABLE
PULLING TENSION IN lb (reel in a box)
125
167
0 20 40 60 80
1 0 0
1 2 0
1 4 0
1 6 0
1 8 0
C6T AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
EFFECT OF CABLE PULLING TENSION REDUCTION OF AIRES ON 1000 DROPS
BUNDLES NEEDED FOR 1000 DRO
77
87
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
8 0
9 0
C6T AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
COMPARISON OF AIRES VS COMETITOR AVERAGE FORCE FOR INSERTION INTO A KRONE BLOCK 45¡ IDC
Trang 4Through the use of a smaller conductor, fewer
twists, the reduced insulation size and the use of
a tape filler rather than a star for Cat 6, the time to
terminate is reduced as well In the example below
there was an 18% time savings using AirES cable
Through the reduction in cable size the overall
weight of a box of AirES cable is greatly reduced
This now allows KRONE to put 2000’ of cable on a
standard 1000’ put up reel and stay below the 50lb
limit for lifting, set by OSHA After each reel of cable
is complete there is a length of scrap left over
Through the introduction of 2000’ put ups this is
reduced in half
The ability of a cable to withstand the rigors of
installation must also be taken into account during
design Too often for the sake of transmission
per-formance the cable becomes more fragile and
sus-ceptible to damage Through the reduction in twist
lay variation in AirES the cable becomes less prone
to performance loss due to pulling tension, as the
effect of the different twist lays is not as critical What
this means to the installer is fewer field issues to
investigate during the testing phase
Structural integrity with regards to crush resistance
has not been compromised with the use of the
AirES design The first question on everyone’s lips
after understanding how the AirES cable is designed
seems to involve its ability to resist crush With other
designs that involve the foaming of insulation
materi-als to introduce air, crush has been a large problem
Type 1 cables of old were able to withstand crush due to each pair being individually shielded, but for UTP applications the concerns are founded
AirES through its arched air pocket construction uses several solid insulation beams distributed evenly around the conductor, coupled with the arch shape of the pocket The result is a total cable exceeding the UL444 requirements for crush resistance by >4X the requirement Once again eclipsing our nearest competitor
UL444 Scope:
This standard applies to 60-250ku8C single- or mul-tiple-conductor jacketed or unjacketed, integral or nonintegral cables and single or multiple coaxial cables for telephone and other communication cir-cuits such as voice, data, and audio for on-premise customer systems These cables are not prohibited from containing one or more optical fiber members For the purpose of this standard, a coaxial cable or coaxial member conductor is single conductor with
a shield For the purpose of this standard, a
single-or multiple-conductsingle-or unjacketed cable is a cross-connect wire
This standard applies to communications cable intended primarily for installation in accordance with Section 60 of the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC), Part 1, and Article 800 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) They are rated for 300 V applications but are not so marked This standard does not apply to communication cords For more information regarding AirES and all other KRONE products please contact the following: Customer Support
1-800-775-KRONE (5766) Sales Engineer near you http://www.kroneamericas.com/Contact/sales.cfm
Author Bio
Tim Takala is the Director of Support Technologies for
KRONE Inc Prior to joining the US team in 2000, he was the Laboratory and Technical Manager for Asia/Pac, KRONE Australia Mr Takala was instrumental in the development and implementation of the technical methodologies behind KRONE’s TrueNet ™ System and its warranty program, Mr Takala holds an Industrial Engineering degree from the Sydney Institute of Technology
90
110
0
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
1 2 0
C6T AIRES COMPETITOR AVERAGE
TERMINATION TIME IN SECONDS FOR A CAT 6 CABLE
AVERAGE TIME IN TO TERMINATE ON ULTIM8 BLOCK