object I object to working overtime/having to work overtime.. She insisted that I had to leave immediately.[r]
Trang 1TRANSFORMATIONS
Transformations 1
1 If it doesn't rain soon, millions of pounds' worth of crops will be lost
Unless it rains soon, millions of
2 Although the team played well, they lost
Despite (their) playing well, … / the fact that…
3 Galileo is considered to be the father of modern astronom
Galileo is regarded as the father of
4 The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day
Only by training hard every day can you become
5 He speaks more persuasively than his brother
He is a more persuasive speaker than his brother
6 He can hardly read at all (virtually)
He is virtually blind / illiterate
7 He can speak French well enough to go to the conference (fluent)
His French is fluent enough to go to the conference
He is fluent enough in French to go to the …
8 I travel by bus only when I have no alternative (resort)
I resort to traveling by bus only when…
I travel by bus only as a last resort
9 Immediately after his arrival, things went wrong
No sooner had he arrived than things went wrong
10 "I must see the manager!" he cried
He insisted on seeing the manager
11 I had better get back to work
It's high time I got back to work
12 The last time it rained was a fortnight ago
It hasn't rained for a fortnight
It last rained a fortnight ago
13 He never has enough money
He's always short of money / hard up / broke
14 Martin had difficulty in accepting the loss of his money (hard)
Martin had a hard time accepting / found it hard to accept
15 My father speaks very little English (hardly)
My father hardly speaks any English
16 He said he was not guilty of stealing the car
He denied stealing the car
17 I'm sorry now that I asked her to stay
Now I wish I hadn’t asked her to stay
18 He never suspected that the money had been stolen
At no time did he ever suspect that
19 I have never seen such a mess in my life!
Never in my life have I seen
20 If I were left alone, I'd finish the job quickly (interrupting)
If people didn't keep interrupting, I'd finish the job quickly
21 The notice said that you could not smoke in class (forbidden)
The notice said that smoking in class was forbidden / it was forbidden to smoke in class
22 My mother did not like my new shoes (disapproved)
My mother disapproved of
23 Anne’s dedication to her work has always been exemplary (herself)
Anne has always dedicated herself to her work/job in…
Trang 224 The delay is a nuisance, but I’m sure Sam can solve our problems (come)
… Sam can come up with a/the solution/answer / the/some solutions/answers to…
25 Henrik was very pleased to be selected for the team (delight)
Much to Henrik’s delight/to the delight of Henrik, he was selected…
26 Yoshi wanted to make sure that everything was as it should be on the big day (leave)
Yoshi didn’t want to leave anything to chance…
27 It may seem strange, but the composer has no formal training in music (lacks)
Strange as/though it seems/appears, the composer lacks any…
28 I’ve never thought of asking the hotel staff for advice about restaurants (occurred)
It has never occurred to me to ask…
29 In spite of all my efforts, I couldn’t persuade Soraya to come to the concert (hard)
No matter how hard I tried, …
30 The police had to let the suspect go because new evidence was produced (light)
The police had to let the suspect go, in the light of (the) new evidence produced
31 The cost of building materials has gone up a great deal recently (sharp)
There has been a sharp/dramatic rise in/of the cost/price of …
32 Don’t let her relaxed manner deceive you; she’s an extremely shrewd businesswoman! (taken)
Don’t let yourself be/get taken in by…
33 Unless the weather changes dramatically overnight, we’ll be leaving at dawn (no)
Provided (that) there is/are no dramatic change/changes in/to…
34 Werner found it hard to get used to the fact that he’d lost his job (terms)
Werner found it hard to come to terms with the fact that…
35 Simon does not intend to visit his aunt again (has)
Simon has (got) no intention of (ever) visiting…
36 They gave Despina the impression that she would win first prize (believe)
Despina was let/given to believe that…
37 Selena really has no idea of the difficulty of finding a parking place (how)
Little does Selena know/suspect/realise how difficult/hard it is/it will be to…
TRANSFORMATIONS 2 :
1 They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left
Only after a 12-hour wait / delay of 12 hours did their flight leave
2 He insisted on a full apology
Nothing but a full apology would satisfy him / was good enough for him / would do for him
3 Their teacher is making them study hard
They are being made to study hard
4 The band was just as good as we had expected
They certainly lived up to our expectations
5 Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish
Much as I admire his courage, I think he's foolish
6 "You don't appreciate me," she complained (granted)
"You take me for granted," she complained.You take me for granted,"You take me for granted," she complained she complained
7 The man in that painting bears a strong resemblance to my uncle (reminds)
The man in that painting reminds me very much of my uncle
8 Someone has stolen their bicycle (had)
He had his bicycle stolen
9 After two hours the bridegroom still hadn't appeared (sign)
After two hours there was still no sign of the bridegroom
10 The critics were impressed by her performance
Her performance made a considerable impression on the critics
11 No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't find the answer to the question
Trang 3 Try as hard as I might, I couldn't…
12 When are the council going to do something about the city's traffic problems?
It's high time the council did something about
13 I didn't realise who he was until later
Only later did I realize who he was
14 Given fair warning, I could have avoided that date
If you had told me in advance / beforehand, I could've avoided …
15 It is mu strong belief that John was responsible (suspect)
I strongly suspect John of being responsible / having been responsible
16 He has good relationships with all his students (gets)
He gets on well with all his students
17 His rude behaviour is too much for me (put)
I won't put up with his rude behaviour
18 The meeting was well attended (turned)
A lot of people turned up for the meeting
19 It was obvious that the old house was past its prime (days)
The old house had seen / had known better days
20 "Let's go for a walk in the park, " said Andrew
Andrew suggested going for a walk/that they went for a walk/that they should go for a walk
21 I'm sure he didn't know that his brother was seriously ill
He couldn't possibly have known that…
22 The result of the match was never in doubt
At no time was the result of the match ever in doubt
23 Most people know that Britain's economy is heavily dependent on North Sea oil (common)
It's common knowledge that…
24 I'd be grateful if you would check these accounts for me (mind)
Do you mind checking those accounts for me?
25 It's unlikely that the contractor will complete the work before February (take)
The work is likely to take until February
26 The PM was determined to remain in office
The PM had no intention of resigning / giving up office
27 The refugees continued to feel unsafe until they had crossed the border
Not until the refugees had crossed the border did they begin to feel safe
28 There are more people out of work in this country than ever before
Never before have there been so many people out of work
29 You must be on time for your interview (essential)
It's essential that you are on time…
30 Only if you work hard now have you any chance of success (depends)
Whether or not you succeed depends on your working hard / Your only chance of success
depends on…
31 He'll settle down Then his performance will improve
Once he settles down / has settled down, his performance will improve
32 She complains far too often for my liking (frequent)
Her complaints are far too frequent for my liking
33 I find his handwriting very hard to read (difficulty)
I have considerable difficulty in reading his handwriting
34 It is said that he escaped to a neutral territory
He is said to have escaped
35 In spite of the forecast it stayed fine
Although rain was forecast, it stayed fine
36 We'd prefer you not to smoke
We'd rather you didn’t smoke
Trang 437 Provided your handwriting is legible, the examiner will accept your answer.
So long as the examiner can read your writing, he will accept your answer
38 Without his help we would all have died
If it hadn't been for his help we would all have died
39 He forgot about the gun until he got home
Not until he got home did he remember about the gun
40 May I borrow your pen?
Would you mind lending me your pen?
41 If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home
Get the work finished by… and you can go home
42.Although Judy was severely disabled she participated in many sports
Despite her severe disability, Judy
43 That was my first time in Rome (never)
I had never been to Rome before
TRANSFORMATIONS 3
1 The first candidate impressed the interviewers immediately (made)
The first candidate made an immediate/instant impression on/upon…
2 The area is completely devoid of vegetation (whatsoever)
There was no vegetation whatsoever (growing) in…
3 No matter what happens, we will never do business with that firm again (ever)
Under no circumstances will we (ever) work with that firm again
4 The news that the Prime Minister had resigned came as a great shock to everyone (aback)
Everyone was taken aback by the news of the…
5 I’ll get ready before your arrival
By the time you arrive, I’ll get ready
6 I’m afraid it’s much salty for me to eat it now
It’s so salty that I can’t eat it now
7 He got into bed and immediately fell fast asleep
The moment he got into bed, he fell fast asleep
8 There are bound to be problems whether you adopt one plan or another
Whichever plan you adopt, there are bound to be problems
9 After the beginning of the opera, late comers had to wait before taking their seats
Once the opera began, late comers…
10 The only way for us to keep safe was to keep close to the guide
As long as we kept close to the guide, we were safe
11 I expected the test to be easier than that
The test wasn’t as easy as I had expected
12 You’ll be able to relax soon if we get there as quickly as possible
The quicker we get there, the sooner you’ll be able to relax
13 It may look difficult, but it’s easy once you have the knack
However difficult it may look, it’s easy…
14 The plan may be ingenious, but it will never work in practice
Ingenious as it may be, the plan will…
15 We tried very hard, but we couldn’t talk him out of his crazy scheme
Try as hard as we did,…
16 This is the first time that TV has played such an important role in our lives
Never before has TV played…
17 It’s unusual for the temperature to fall below freezing in the south of the country
Seldom does the temperature fall…
18 If you obey the regulations, you’ll be permitted to fish in the river (long)
Trang 5 As long as you obey….
19 Taking the necessary precautions, you shouldn’t have any health problems (provided)
Provided (that) you take the necessary precautions,…
20 Your refusal to co-operate would cause immediate expulsion from the country (should)
Should you refuse to co-operate…
21 If we took effective action now, we could still save the rainforest (were)
If we were to take…
22 He can tell how much a picture is worth immediately he sees it (glance)
He can tell how much a picture is worth at first glance
23 As far as I know she is still working for the same company (knowledge)
To my knowledge, …
24 They don’t get on well with their neighbours (terms)
They are not on friendly terms with their neighbours
25 I wanted to find a new job because I felt bored with my life (rut)
I wanted to find a new job because I felt (as if/though) I was stuck in a rut
26 We couldn’t possibly sell this paining (question)
Selling this painting is out of the question
27 When the theft was discovered, Mike was dismissed immediately (led)
The discovery of the theft led to Mike’s immediate dismissal
28 Although I should have telephoned my boss today, I just didn’t have time (supposed)
I was supposed to call my boss today, but…
29 Bad weather led to the cancellation of the trip yesterday (account)
The trip was cancelled on account of (the) bad weather
30 It terrifies me just to think about climbing that mountain (mere)
The mere idea of climbing that mountain terrifies me
31 The opposition were just strong to beat (such)
It was such strong opposition, that it was impossible to beat them/they were impossible to beat
32 I really don’t like when I have to work overtime (object)
I object to working overtime/having to work overtime
33 She insisted that I had to leave immediately (my)
She insisted on my immediate leaving
34 We only realised what had been happening after the accident (unaware)
We were unaware of what had been…
35 You have to book specially if you want to tour the Olympic stadium (arrangement)
You have to make a special arrangement if you…
36 He is the quickest learner I’ve ever met (so)
I have never met so quick a learner
37 He was arrested when the police found the stolen painting in his home (possession)
He was arrested when the police caught him in possession of the stolen painting
TRANSFORMATIONS 4:
1 Somebody will slash your car tyres if you park here
You will have your tyres slashed if you park here
2 They were quite appalled by the dirty condition of the flat
They found the dirty condition of the flat appalling
3 All crew members were killed in the explosion
Not a single crew member survived the explosion
4 You’ll have to pay the mechanic even if the car cannot be repaired
Whether the car can be repaired or not, you’ll still have to pay the mechanic
5 Even though I tried to understand the lesson, I learnt almost nothing
Despite trying to understand the lesson, I learnt
Trang 66 He didn’t remember his key until he had shut the door.
Only after he had shut the door/shutting the door did he remember his key
7 Who is the owner of this fine thing?
Who does this fine thing belong to?
8 She acted brilliantly at the school party
She gave a brilliant performance at the school party
9 It was later admitted that the information had been obtained from unreliable sources
The information was later admitted to have been obtained from
10 They believe he is studying in London
He is believed to be studying
11 Has someone mended the cooker?
Have you had the cooker mended?
12 It’s a pity he left!
If only he had stayed!
13 He was behaving disgracefully towards his relations
I complained about his disgraceful behavior towards
14 He attended to the problem immediately
He gave the problem immediate attention
15 Everyone must wear a seat belt
Wearing a seat belt is obligatory/mandatory/a must
16 Legislation can never be perfect
There is no such thing as perfect legislation
17 In Britain, the element that seems to pose the most risk is age
In Britain, age is the element that seems to pose
18 The report recommended the factory’s immediate closure
The report recommended that the factory be immediately closed
19 It appears that men and women adopt quite different strategies to avoid collisions
Men and women seem to adopt quite
20 Although it was raining, they went on playing
In spite of the rain, they
21 He got someone to paint his garage
He had his garage painted
22 It won’t be advisable for you to go to work tomorrow
You (had) better not go to work
23 It wasn’t necessary for you to make all that noise when you came home
You needn’t have made all that noise
24 I had no sooner opened the door than the telephone rang
No sooner had I opened the door than the telephone rang
25 Nobody told us what to expect
We were not told what to expect
26 He was not able to dissuade him from leaving school (FAILED)
He failed to dissuade him from
27 Without extra cash, he won’t be able to manage (UNLESS)
Unless he has extra cash, he won’t
28 Mr Smith was on the point of retiring (ABOUT)
Mr Smith was about to retire
29 The manager asked me to consider this proposal very carefully (CONSIDERATION)
The manager asked me to take this proposal under careful consideration
30 My parents met in 1970 (SINCE)
My parents have known each other since 1970
31 Whatever happens I shan’t change my mind (MATTER)
No matter what happens, I shan’t
Trang 732 Could you possibly share your book with me? (MIND)
Do you mind sharing ?
33 The mechanic checked the tyres on my car (HAD)
I had the tyres on my car checked
34 She speaks English well (COMMAND)
She has an excellent command of English/Her command of English is excellent
35 The barrister asked for the acquittal of the prisoners by the court (SHOULD)
The barrister said that the prisoners should be acquitted by the court
THE END