Danh từ đếm được Countable nouns: Một danh từ được xếp vào loại đếm được khi chúng ta có thể đếm được người hay vật ấy bằng cách cho số đếm trước nó.. Danh từ không đếm được Uncountable
Trang 1TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI
TIẾNG ANH CÔNG CHỨC
VIÊN CHỨC 5
MS LAN DINH
Trang 2Cùng học với tớ và vượt qua thách thức
phía trước cậu nha!
Tớ, ở đây, luôn bên cậu :) :) :)
Trang 3Danh từ cụ thể (concrete nouns): man, river, Peter, Daisy
Danh từ trừu tượng (abstract nouns): happiness, beauty, health…
b Loại 2
Danh từ chung (common nouns): table, man, wall
Danh từ riêng (proper nouns): Peter, Jack, England
II Danh từ đếm được và không đếm được (countable and uncountable nouns)
1 Danh từ đếm được (Countable nouns): Một danh từ được xếp vào loại đếm được khi chúng ta
có thể đếm được người hay vật ấy bằng cách cho số đếm trước nó Phần lớn danh từ cụ thể đềuthuộc vào loại đếm được
Ví dụ: boy, apple, book, tree
2 Danh từ không đếm được (Uncountable nouns): Một danh từ được xếp vào loại không đếmđược khi đặt số đếm trước người hay vật ấy không hợp lý Muốn đếm, ta phải thông qua mộtđơn vị đo lường thích hợp Phần lớn danh từ trừu tượng đều thuộc vào loại không đếm được
Ví dụ: meat, ink, chalk, water
III Danh từ ghép
Một danh từ ghép là một danh từ được hình thành bởi hai hay nhiều yếu tố tạo thành Trong cách viết, danh từ ghép có thể được viết:
Dính liền thành một từ: blackbird, housewife
Cách bởi một gạch nối: fire-engine, sea-serpent
Rời ra và không có gạch nối: post office, football player
IV Chức năng ngữ pháp của danh từ
1 Sau To be: I am a student
2 Sau tính từ : nice school…
3 Đứng đầu câu làm chủ ngữ
4 Sau: a/an, the, this, that, these, those…
Trang 45 Sau tính từ sở hữu : my, your, his, her, their…
6 Sau: many, a lot of/ lots of , plenty of…
7 Trong công thức The +(adj) N …of + (adj) N…
V Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Thường có hậu tố là:
1 tion: nation,education,instruction………
2 sion: question, television ,impression, passion……
3 ment: pavement, movement, environment…
4 ce: difference, independence, peace………
5 ness: kindness, friendliness……
6 y: beauty, democracy(nền dân chủ), army…
7 er/or : động từ+ er/or thành danh từ chỉ người: worker, driver, swimmer, runner, player,visitor,…
Chú ý một số Tính từ có chung danh từ
Adj/Adv
Heavy, light: weight Wide, narrow: width
Deep, shallow: depth Long, short: length
Old: age Tall, high: height
Big, small: size
VI Cách chuyển Danh từ số ít sang Danh từ số nhiều
1 Ta thường thêm “s” vào sau danh từ
Ví dụ: a cat => 2 cats a dog => 2 dogs
2 Từ kết thúc là o, ch, x, s, sh, ta thêm “es”
Ví dụ: a watch => 2 watches a peach => 2 peaches
3 Từ kết thúc là f/fe, chuyển f thành v và thêm es
Ví dụ: a leaf => 2 leaves a shelf => 2 shelves
4 Từ kết thúc là y
a Nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i) + => y+s
Ví dụ: a monkey => 2 monkeys a boy => 2 boys
b Phụ âm + y => chuyển y thành i+es
Ví dụ: a fly => 2 flies a cherry => 2 cherries
VII Danh từ số nhiều bất quy tắc
man - men: đàn ông
woman-women: phụ nữ
child - children: trẻ con
person - people: người
tooth - teeth: cái răngfoot - feet: bàn chân
ox - oxen: con bò đực
mouse - mice: chuột nhắtgoose - geese: con ngỗnglouse - lice: con chấy, rận
deer - deer: con naisheep - sheep: con cừufish - fish: con cá
Trang 5-II Nối vế trái phần còn thiếu vế phải cho phù hợp
1 Ann's child A are at school
The children B is at school
2 Your glasses A are on the table
Your glass of water B is on the table
3 That sheep A is big
Those sheep B are big
4 My tooth A are white
My teeth B is white
5 This woman A are my cousins
These women B is my cousin
III Điền Danh từ số ít hoặc Danh từ số nhiều vào chỗ trống P1
1 Do you like _ (banana)?
2 How many _ (pen) do you have?
3 Where does this _ (man) live?
4 Whose _ (book) are these?
5 When does your _ (bus) arrive?
6 How many _ (star) can you see?
7 Can you see two _ (deer) there?
8 Will you buy those six _ (fish)?
9 Do you collect autumn _ (leaf)?
10 How many _ (child) are there?
Trang 6V Viết chữ C (Countable) cho Danh từ đếm được và chữ U (Uncountable) cho Danh từ không đếm được
VI Điền Danh từ số ít hoặc Danh từ số nhiều vào chỗ trống P2
1 There are three _ (apple) on the plate
2 I’d like to taste these _ (cookie)
3 Would you like these _ (orange)?
4 This (cheese) is too salty
5 How much _ (water) is there in the bottle?
6 I usually drink _ (milk) in the morning
7 Do you like _ (cucumber)?
8 How much _ (money) have you got?
9 This (meat) isn’t fresh
10 There are many _ (tomato) in this salad
11 I don’t eat _ (butter) at all
12 This _ (coffee) is awful
13 How many _ (banana) would you like?
14 All her _ (dress) are beautiful
15 Put some _ (salt) into your soup
Trang 7PHẦN 2: PRONOUNS - ĐẠI TỪ
A LÝ THUYẾT
Đại từ chủ ngữ Đại từ tân ngữ Tính từ sở hữu Đại từ sở hữu Đại từ phản thân
you you your: của bạn yours yourself/yourselves
we us our: của chúng tôi ours ourselvesthey them their: của họ theirs themselves
he him his: của anh ấy his himselfshe her her: của cô ấy hers herself
Đứng đầu câu làm
chủ ngữ trong câu
Eg: I love fish
Đứng sau động từlàm bổ ngữ trongcâu
Eg: He loves me
Luôn có danh từ
đi sauEg: This is my bag
Không có danh
từ đi sauEg: This bag ismine
Đứng trước hoặc sauđộng từ
By oneself = On one’sown: tự ai làm gì
B LUYỆN TẬP
I Chọn một trong 3 phương án sau để hoàn thành câu.
1 The bird sang (its/ it/ it’s) happy tune
2 Listen to (her/ hers/ her’s) carefully
3 (His/ He/ She) uncle is a doctor He is a nice person
4 That old man is kind to (our/ us/ we)
5 William and Tracy love (their/ theirs/ they) dogs so much
6 My car is new but (her/ hers/ she) is old
7 The teacher told _ (us/ our/ we) an interesting story
8 I want to sit between you and (he/ him/ his)
Trang 810 Bob and Ted live near (them/ their/ they) school.
II Chọn đáp án đúng
1 You and Nam ate all of the ice cream by _
A yourselves B himself C themselves D yourself
2 What is _your phone number?
A you B your C yours D all are right
3 Where are _ friends now?
A your B you C yours D A and B are right
4 Here is a postcard from _ friend Peggy
A me B mine C my D all are right
5 She lives in Australia now with _ family
A she B her C hers D A and b are right
6 _ company builds ships
A He B His C Him D All are right
7 _ children go to school in Newcastle
A They B Their C Them D Theirs
8 Nam and Ba painted the house by _
A yourself B himself C themselves D itself
9 The exam _ wasn't difficult, but exam room was horrible
A himself B herself C myself D itself
10 Never mind I and Nam will do it _
A herself B myself C themselves D ourselves
11 The old woman lived alone, with _ to look after _
A) someone / her B) anyone / herself C) everyone / she D) no one / her E) anyone / she's
12 _ two rings here on my little finger belonged to _ grandmother
A) These / my B) That / mine C) Those / me D) The / myself E) This / my
13 When the little boy grabbed the lizard, _ tail broke off in _ hand
A) it's / his B) it / him C) its / his D) it / one's E) its / he's
Trang 914 A baby learns the meaning of words as _are spoken by others and later uses _in sentences.A) their / they B) they / them C) they / themselves D) it / them E) they / it
15 Some of these clothes are _, and the rest of _ belong to Zack
A) yours / it B) my / them C) hers / their D) me / they E) mine / them
6 As for _, I prefer to let people make up _ minds
A) myself / each other's B) I / his own C) mine / one another's
D) me / their own E) my / theirs
17 The solicitor wrote a letter to Ann and _ in which he asked us if we could settle the
matter between _
A) I / us B) me / us C) myself / ours D) mine / our E) me / we
18 As _ cuts it as well as he does, I always have my hair cut at Johnson's
A) anyone B) someone else's C) no one else D) everyone E) nobody's
19 They decided to buy the house because _ location would allow _ to get to work very easily.A) theirs / them B) it / themselves C) its / them
D) they / us E) its / their
20 Our dog is of a very good breed as _ is the offspring of two very champion dogs and
inherited _ features
A) this / its B) he / them C) she / theirs D) that / his E) it / their
III Điền IS/ AM/ ARE vào chỗ trống cho phù hợp
9 Clara and Steve ……… married
10 She ……… an English teacher
11 This book ……… mine
16 It ……… Monday today
17 I ……… a hairdresser
18 My name ……… Alexander
19 There ……… many people in this class
20 ……… Ane and Alice sisters?
21 ……… this car yours?
22 ……… I in your way?
23 ……… you twenty-five years old?
24 ……… the Smiths divorced?
25 ……… this your new bicycle?
26 I ……… a student
Trang 1012 Jane and Peter ……… married.
13 My brother ……… here at the
moment
14 Many people ……… in the bank
15 We ……… in England
27 The teachers ……… in the room
28 The cat ……… on the table
29 The dog ……… under the table
30 This book ……… cheap
IV Điền WHAT hoặc WHO
1. is that woman over there? – She’s my sister
2 is that on the table? – It’s my coat
3 _ is going to the party with you? – My sister is
4 _ are you doing now? – I’m resting
5 _ is your favorite color? – It’s blue
V Điền WHY hoặc WHERE
1. is your mother from? – She’s from Mexico
2 are you here? – Because I have an English class now
3 is your mother now? – She’s at her office She works from 9 to 6
4 do you take Ann to school? – Because she had an accident and her car is at the garage
5 are the Millers taking the subway? – Because the streets are all jammed
VI Điền WHOSE hoặc WHO
1 _ backpack is this? – It’s Dona’s
2 _ gave you this wonderful blouse? – My mom did
3 _ house are we going to visit first? – We’re going to Mario’s
4 _ name was mentioned in the document? – Yours and mine
5 _ will pick Carol after school? – Dad will
VII Chọn đáp án đúng
1. blouse do you want: the blue one or the pink one?
a) whose b) what c) which
2 _ does that CD player cost?
a) how many b) how c) how much
3 _ is your mother? – She’s fine
a) how b) where c) how much
4 _ is my pair of sunglasses?
a) who b) where c) when
Trang 115 _ are you going to leave? – At 5.
a) where b) when c) where
VIII Điền SOMEBODY, ANYBODY hoặc NOBODY
1 There is in the classroom
2 There isn’t in the garden
3 There is at school at this time of the day It’s closed
4 Who are you going to visit? I’m going to visit But, it’s a secret!
5 What’s happening? I don’t know knows
6 Do you know _ in Rio de Janeiro?
IX Điền SOMETHING, ANYTHING hoặc NOTHING
1 It’s too dark I can’t see
2 What did Jane say? She didn’t say _
3 I want to drink I’m thirsty
4 This bag is empty There is _ in it!
5 There is _ to do this city! I’m bored
6 I want to read _ about Steve Jobs I’ll buy a book about him
X Điền EVERYBODY, EVERYTHING hoặc EVERYWHERE:
1 needs friends
2 Tim knows _ about computers
3 He goes with his motorcycle He never drives his car
4 I like all the people in this room _ is friendly
5 This hotel is comfortable and is clean
Trang 12PHẦN 3: ARTICLES - MẠO TỪ
A LÝ THUYẾT
I Mạo từ không xác định (Indefinite articles)
A & An: dùng trước danh từ đếm được (số ít) - khi danh từ đó chưa được xác định (bất định)
“An” dùng cho danh từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (nhưng phụ thuộc vào cách phát âm) Eg: abook, a table - an apple, an orange Đặc biệt một số từ “h” được đọc như nguyên âm Eg: an hour,
an honest man
1 A đứng trước một phụ âm hoặc một nguyên âm có âm là phụ âm.
Eg: a game (một trò chơi); a boat (một chiếc tàu thủy); a university (một trường đại học); a year(một năm); a European (một người Âu); a one-legged man (một người thọt chân)
2 An đứng trước một nguyên âm hoặc một âm câm
Eg: an egg (một quả trứng); an ant (một con kiến);
an honour (một niềm vinh dự); an hour (một giờ đồng hồ)
3 An cũng đứng trước các mẫu tự đặc biệt đọc như một nguyên âm.
Eg: an SOS (một tín hiệu cấp cứu); an MSc (một thạc sĩ khoa học), an X-ray (một tia X)
4 A/An có hình thức giống nhau ở tất cả các giống, loài
Eg: a tiger (một con cọp); a tigress (một con cọp cái); an uncle (một ông chú);
Cách dùng mạo từ không xác định
1 Trước một danh từ số ít đếm được.
Eg: We need a microcomputer (Chúng tôi cần một máy vi tính)
He eats an ice-cream (Anh ta ăn một cây kem)
2 Trước một danh từ làm bổ túc từ (kể cả danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp)
Eg: It was a tempest (Đó là một trận bão dữ dội)
3 Trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định
Eg: a lot (nhiều); a couple (một cặp/đôi); a third (một phần ba); a dozen (một tá); a hundred(một trăm); a quarter (một phần tư)
Lưu ý
“a” cũng được dùng trước half (nửa, rưỡi), khi half theo sau một số nguyên vẹn Eg: 2 1/2 kilos =
two and half kilos hoặc two kilos and a half (hai kí rưỡi), nhưng1/2 kg = half a kilo (nửa kg)[không có a trước half] Đôi khi ngưười ta vẫn dùng a + half + danh từ, Eg: a half-dozen (nửa tá),
a half-length (bức ảnh chụp nửa người); a half-hour (nửa giờ)
Trang 13KHÔNG dùng mạo từ không xác định
1 Trước danh từ số nhiều
A/An không có hình thức số nhiều Vì vậy, số nhiều của a cat là cats và của an apple là apples
2 Trước danh từ không đếm được
Eg: He gave us good advice (Ông ta cho chúng tôi những lời khuyên hay)
I write on paper (Tôi ghi trên giấy
3 Trước tên gọi các bữa ăn, trừ phi có tính từ đứng trước các tên gọi đó
Eg: They have lunch at eleven (họ dùng cơm trưa lúc 11 giờ)
You gave me an appetizing dinner (bạn đã cho tôi một bữa ăn tối thật ngon miệng)
Tuy nhiên, nếu là bữa ăn đặc biệt nhân dịp nào đó, người ta vẫn dùng mạo từ bất định.
Eg: I was invited to breakfast (bữa điểm tâm bình thường)
We were invited to a dinner given to welcome the new director
(Chúng tôi được mời dự bữa ăn tối chào mừng vị giám đốc mới)
II Mạo từ xác định (Definite article)
1 Cách đọc
“the” được đọc là [di] khi đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u) và đọc là (dơ)khi đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu bằng phụ âm (trừ các nguyên âm): The egg, the chair, theumbrella
2 Cách dùng
a “The” được dùng trước danh từ chỉ người , vật đã được xác định :
“The” được dùng trước danh từ để diễn tả một ( hoặc nhiều) người , vật, sự vật nào đó đã đượcxác định rồi, nghĩa là cả người nói và người nghe đều biết đối tượng được đề cập tới Khi nói 'Mother is in the garden' (Mẹ đang ở trong vườn), cả người nói lẫn người nghe đều biết khuvườn đang được đề cập tới là vườn nào, ở đâu
b The + danh từ + giới từ + danh từ
The girl in blue, the Gulf of Mexico.
Dùng trước những tính từ so sánh bậc nhất hoặconly.
The only way, the best day.
Dùng cho những khoảng thời gian xác định (thập niên):In the 1990s
c The + danh từ + đại từ quan hệ + mệnh đề phụ
The man /to whom you have just spoken /is the chairman
Trước một danh từ ngụ ý chỉ một vật riêng biệt
Trang 14She is in the (= her) garden
d The + adj: Tượng trưng cho một nhóm người, chúng không bao giờ được phép ở số nhiều
nhưng được xem là các danh từ số nhiều Do vậy động từ và đại từ đi cùng với chúng phải ởngôi thứ 3 số nhiều
The old = The old people/ The unemployed/ The disabled are often very hard in their moving
e The + East/ West/ South/ North + Danh từ
used as adjective
The North/ South Pole (Bắc/ Nam Cực), The East End of London (Khu đông Lôn Đôn)
Lưu ý: Nhưng không được dùng THE trước các từ này nếu nó đi liền với tên châu lục hoặc
quốc gia: West Germany, North America
f The + tên gọi các đội hợp xướng/ dàn nhạc cổ điển/ ban nhạc phổ thông
The Back Choir/ The Philharmonique Philadelphia Orchestra/ The Beatles.
g The + tên gọi các tờ báo (không tạp chí)/ tàu biển/ các khinh khí cầu.
The Times/ The Titanic/ The Hindenberg
h The + họ một gia đình ở số nhiều = gia đình nhà
The Smiths = Mr/ Mrs Smith and children
i So sánh hơn nhất
Eg: She is the most beautiful girl in this class Paris is the biggest city in France
3 Những trường hợp đặc biệt:
Go to church: đi lễ ở Nhà
thờ go to the church: đến nhà thờ (Eg: để gặp Linh mục)
Go to school: đi học go to the school: đến trường (Eg: để gặp Ngài hiệu trưởng)
Go to bed: đi ngủ go to the bed: bước đến giường (Eg: để lấy quyển sách)
Go to prison: ở tù go to the prison: đến nhà tù (Eg: để thăm tội phạm)
Go to market: đi chợ go to the market: đi đến chợ (Eg: để khảo sát giá cả thị trường)
B LUYỆN TẬP
I Điền A hoặc AN vào chỗ trống
1 English book 9 dog
2 _ apple 10 blue notebook
3 _ baby 11 red pencil
4 ball 12 _ window
Trang 155 book 13 _ ruler
6 door 14 _ animal
7 egg 15 _ dinosaur
8 orange 16 _ flower
II Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống
1 In a welfare state we must take care of …
a the old b old c olds d the olds
2 I love … music especially … 18th-century music
a the the b - an c the - d
-3 … my favourite vegetable
a This carrot is b The carrots are c A carrot d Carrots are
4 … apple a day keeps … doctor away
a - a b An - c The a d An the
5 We had a lovely evening at …
a Watsons c Mr Watson
b the Watsons’ d the Mr Watsons’
6 Well if it’s a good story I ’ll listen with … pleasure
7 Their parties were …
a good fun c the good fun
b good funs d a good fun
8 The ball hit her on … head
11 … have a peculiar sense of humour
a An English c The English
Trang 1618 I went to … sea during my holiday and I rented … bungalow near the beach.
a the /the c -/a
Trang 17250 CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM MẠO TỪ,
TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG VÀ ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH
I Find the one choice that best completes the sentence.
1 We are looking for place to spend night
A the / the B a / the C a /a D the / a
2 During our journey we came to a bridge As we were crossing bridge, we met _ old man
A a / an B the / the C the / an D a / the
3 Would you like to try champagne?
A little B a little C few D a few
4 plants need water
A All B All of C Most of D Some of
5 The mixture looks rather dry Maybe you should add water
A a few B few C little D a little
6 Don’t ask John He had to so things to do?
A much B many C a lot of D lots of
7 Please turn off lights when you leave room
A the / the B a / a C the / a D a / the
8 We are looking for people with experience
A the B a C an D No article is needed
9 Would you pass me salt, please?
A a B an C the D No article is needed
10 Can you show me way to station?
A the / the B a /a C the / a D a / the
11 Come on! We haven’t got time
A many B much C little D a lot of
12 The cinema was almost empty There were people there
A a little B many C much D few
13 Don’t worry We’ve got time to have coffee
A a little B many C a few D little
14 This homework has problems
A the three kinds B three kinds of C the three kinds D three kinds
15 A kid drinks milk everyday
A much B a few C a lot of D many
16 Helen didn’t read novels last week
A much B any C a few D some
16 Would you try champagne?
A a little B little C few D a few
17 She has read interesting book
18 John Gilbert was a patient He was
A a sick B an ill C a sick man D not in a hurry
19 The Atlantic is
A a canal B a sea C an ocean D a lake
20 The songs are popular, like them
A people B the folk C the people D many people
21 That was a family of
A a prosperity B the prosperity C the prosperous d prosperity
Trang 18A the / x B a / x C x / the D an / x
23 eldest boy is at college
A The /the B An / the C The /x D a/ the
24 She lives in top floor of an old house
25 She had very bad night, she didn’t sleep night
A a / all B an / a C a / D an / an
26 person suffering from shock should not be given anything to drink
A an/ the B a/ x C a / the D a / any
27 You’ll get shock if you touch live wire with that screwdriver
A a / a B an / a C an / the D 0 / the
28 Mr Smith is old customer and honest man
A the / an B an / the C an/ an D the/ the
29 Do you go to prison to visit him?
30 On Sundays my father stays in bed, reading Sunday papers
A the / the B a / the C x / the D the / a
31 My mother goes to church in morning
A the / x B the / the C x / the D a church / a
32 And in afternoon goes to visit friends
A the/ any B the / x C an / an D the / the
33 I have little money left; let’s have dinner in restaurant
A some/ the B a / the C the / a D a / a
34 man is reasoning animal
A x/ a B the/ a C x/ an D a/ the
35 Like many women, she loves tea parties and gossip
A some/ the B x / x C a lot of/ the D x/ a
36 If letters arrive for me, can you send them to this address?
A some B many C any D much
37 Buy some pears if you see
A any B a few C anything D some
38 The boy refused to tell me
A something B everything C anything D nothing
39 Ann used to ride a motorcycle up and down road early in morning
A a / the B the / a C the / the D the / an
40 I am on night duty When you go to bed, I go to work
A a / the B x/ x C a/ x D the/ x
41 He switched on torch, read meter
A the / a B the / the C a / the D a / a
42 is a star
A The moon B moon C moons D A moon
43 Hanoi is capital of Viet Nam
44 She visited France and United States last month
A x/ the B the/ the C the/ x D x/ x
45 The murder was taken to prison
46 Rarely did pass the exam
A someone B anyone C nobody D no one
Trang 1947 The Smiths has a baby.
A two- year-old B two-year-older
C two –years – old D the two-year-old
48 She said that she was going to give you information
A some of B some C any D an
49 is allowed in the city center
A None motorcycles B No motorcycles
C None of motorcycles D No motorcycle
50 My mother goes to school to meet my sister’s teacher
51 Mr Smith was holding a lighted match at time of explosion
A the / x B x / the C the / the D the / an
52 He said that he had had book but that it had been burnt in fire
A the / the B a / the C a / a D the / a
53 Peter thinks that this is quite cheap restaurant
54 To prevent possible depiction of this accident, I lent him torch
A a / an B the / a C a / a D the / the
55 There’ll always be a conflict between old and young
A the / the B an / the C an /a D the / a
56 The lioness bit him in leg
59 Would you like to hear story about Englishman?
A the/ the B a/ an C an / the D a/ the
60 There was collision at corner
A a/ the B the/ the C an / the D the/ a
61 Call an ambulance There’s been
A accident B an accident C some accident D any accident
62 -“Where are you going?” -“I’m going to buy
A a bread B any bread C loaf of bread D some bread
63, Sandra works at a big hospital She’s
A nurse B a nurse C the nurse D an nurse
64 He works six days week
65 is a star
A Sun B A sun C The sun D Suns
66 What did you have for breakfast this morning?
67 London is capital of England
68 When invented?
A was telephone B was the telephone
C were the telephones D were a telephone
69 We visited two years ago
Trang 20C The Canada and United States D Canada and United States.
70 Are you going away next week? No, week after next
71 We haven’t been to for years
A cinema B the cinema C a cinema D any cinema
72 It took us quite a long time to get here It was journey
A three hour B a three- hours C a three –hour D three- hours
73 My mother goes to church in morning
A x B every C the D a
74 I eat everyday
A a banana B banana C the bananas D any banana
75 If you live in foreign country, you should try and learn the language
76 Did your train leave from ?
A the 8 Platform B an Platform 8 C some Platform 8 D Platform 8
77 I can’t work here There‘s too much
A noise B noises C the noise D a noise
78 Do you need ?
A an umbrella B a umbrella C umbrella D an umbrellas
79 I’ve seen good films recently
A a B the C some D an
80 I often watch television for two hours every night
A some B the C any D x
81 The injured man was taken to
A hospital B any hospital C the hospital D hospitals
82 I’m not hungry I don’t want to eat
A some thing B anything C thing D the thing
83 She went out without money
84 Hardly did pass the examination
A somebody B anybody C body D nobody
85 “Have you got luggage?” No, I haven’t
A a B some C any D an
86 My father is a writer He writes books
A a B some C any D x
87 If there are letters for me, can you send them on to this address?
A some B any C the D no
88 We didn’t spend money last month
A much B many C none D lot
89 Do you know people here?
A many B much C lots D little
90 We must be quick There is time left
A a little B little C x D much
91 Listen carefully I’m going to give you advice
A a few B someone C few D little
92 Do you mind if I ask you questions?
A few B a little C a few D much
93 This town is not an interesting place to visit, so tourists come here
A a few B few C a little D x
Trang 2194 He spoke English, so it was difficult to communicate with him.
A a little B little C few D a few
95 The village was very small There were only houses
A plenty B x C a few D any
96 There‘s no need to hurry We’ve got time
A many B plenty of C plenty D several
97 Come and sit with us There’re things to see
A many B much C plenty D few
98 He’s always telling lies
A x B a little c a few D the
99 are allowed in the city center
A None cars B No cars C No of cars D No car
100 tells me anything
A Nobody doesn’t B Nobody C None body D Body
II Find the one choice that best completes the sentence.
1 us think it’s time for an election
A Lots of B Lot of C Much D Many
2 cheese is made from cow’s milk
A Most B Some C Much D More
3 my friends live abroad
A Many B Some C Much D Most of
4 _us thought he was wrong
A Most of B Some of C Much of D Many a
5 Thank you for bringing me along I never thought Shakespeare could be so fun
A many B much C few D some
6 You should say and do
A many / few B much / little C few / many D little / much
7 Very people knew about it
A few B less C much D little
8 He is a man of words
A less B little C fewer D few
9 heard about the book, but read it
A Many / few B Much / little C Many / little D Few / Fewer
10 "Do you know English?" "Just ."
A much B many C little D less
11 She has very knowledge of the matter
A few B little C some D many
12 The forces were unequal, they were we were
A many / few B much / little C few / much D little / much
13 We have imported computers this year than last year
A few B less C fewer D many
14 There has been demand for computers this year than last year
A few B little C fewer D more
15 in Shanghai than in any other city in China
A More people live B More people living
C It has more people D More living people
16 I've been to the theatre of times
A much B a little C most of D few
Trang 22A a few of B a little C most D many
18 When I studied Shakespeare, I thought his plays were boring
A a great deal of B few C much D many
19 of Shakespeare's plays are about history
A A few of B Many C Much D A little
20 They spent time studying Victorian literature
A few B many C a large number of D much
21 popular expressions in our language have interesting background
A Little B Many C A large number D Much
22 At the beginning everybody spoke English very quickly and I couldn't understand Butafter days, it is easier and things I had learnt came back to me
A much / a few / many B a lot / little / a lot
C much / much / a great number D many / a few / many
23 Would you like milk? Yes, please
A few B any C some D much
24 them were at the meeting last night so they didn’t have knowledge about marketing
A neither of B any of C many D a lot of
25 my friends live abroad
A Neither of B Any of C Many D Most of
26 How money have you got in your pocket ?
A a lot of B any C many D much
27.I could speak words of Swedish, but I wasn’t very fluent
A a few B a little C few D little
28 Can you speak French? Just
A a few B little C few D a little
29 Very people were flying because of terrorist activities then
A few B a little C a few D little
30 He spent of his time on his holidays
A much B many C a lot of D little
31 He’s very intelligent He knows about Math
A something B anything C nothing D everything
32 Please speak more slowly, I can’t understand
A something B anything C nothing D everything
33 , stop talking and listen to me, please!
A Everybody B Nobody C Anybody D Somebody
34 She’s very tired becomes boring to her
A Nothing B Something C Everything D Anything
35 Be quiet! Dad is talking to in the living-room
A someone B something C everyone D everything
36 There’s on my back Can you have a look at it?
A something B anything C nothing D everything
37 Let’s go out for dinner There’s in the fridge
A something B anything C nothing D everything
38 Is there interesting on T.V now?
A something B anything C nothing D everything
39 He put on his desk a few minutes ago
A somebody B something C anything D anybody
40 Did you tell her about our plans?
A something B somebody C anything D anybody
Trang 2341 I don’t see in the box.
A anybody B anything C somebody D something
42 There isn’t in the house
A something B anything C somebody D anybody
43 Listen! There’s at the door
A something B somebody C someone D anybody
44 He suddenly found in his schoolboy
A something B somebody C anything D anybody
45 It’s time for the meeting Is there?
A somebody B anybody C nobody D everybody
46 Do you see in the school lab?
A someone B anyone C no one D everyone
47 I’m very hungry now, but there’s for me to eat at all
A something B anything C nothing D everything
48 was at home last night We all were out
A anything B nothing C anybody D nobody
49 She doesn’t know about this city
A anything B nothing C someone D nobody
50 Please give my love to in your family
A anybody B everybody C anything D everything
51 There is in my left eye
A anything B something C nothing D everything
52 went to the meeting last night so it was postponed
A someone B anyone C no one D everyone
53 Liz met yesterday, but I don’t know his name
A everyone B anyone C no one D someone
54 I’ve lost my keys I have found it _but I can’t find it yet
A everywhere B anywhere C nowhere D somewhere
55 I remember putting my pen in this house but I can’t remember where it is
A everywhere B anywhere C nowhere D somewhere
56 at 212 degrees F
A Waters boils B The water boils C Water boils D Waters boil
57 Although southern California is densely populated, live in the northern part of the state
A a little people B a few the people C few people D a little of people
58 I think that there is on TV
A too many violence B so many violence
C too much violence D too much violences
59 people in my apartment building are friendly
A Few B A great deal C Little D A little
60 Toshiba speaks at home
A the Japanese B Japan C the Japan D Japanese
61 Some plants are annuals; are biennials; the rest are perennials
A some another B another C others D other
62 This exam has problems
A two kind of B both kinds C two kinds of D the two kinds of
63 It is generally believed that an M.B.A degree is good preparation for a career in
A a business B one business C businesses D business
64 They have
Trang 24C four-month-old baby D four- months-old baby
65 Unemployment compensation is money to support an unemployed person while he is lookingfor
A job B a job C works D a work
66 How students are there in your class?
A little B few C much D many
67 I feel sorry for her She has friends
A many B a few C few D a great deal of
68 I spent my spare time gardening last year
A most of B most C many of D a large number of
69 He doesn’t have so friends as I think
A much B a great deal of C many D a large number of
70 There was so traffic that it took me an hour to get home
A a lot of B little C much D many
71 Learning languages needs patience
A a few B much C many D little
72 the shops in the city center close at 5.30
A Many B Much of C Some D Most of
73 We had a boring holiday the time we lay on the beach
A Most B Much C Most of D Many of
74 With only _ hope, Harry didn’t know how to keep going another day
A little B a little C few D a few
75 How money have you got?
A many B much C a lot of D a great deal of
76 There was very _ food at the party but I didn’t eat anything
A little B much C many D a lot of
77 I think _ you are very tired after your long journey
A many B much C many of D much of
78 We didn’t take photographs when we were on holiday
A much B a lot of C many of D a great deal of
79 There isn’t shampoo in the bathroom
A any B some C little D few
80 Would you like tea?
A some B many C a few D any
81 He had so things to do
A many B a lot of C much D little
82 The mixture looks rather dry Maybe you should add water
A a few B few C a little D little
83 We’re having a big party We’ve invited _ friends
A a lot of B much C many of D no
84 Could I try _ wine?
A a little B a few C little D few
85 Don’t drink _ wine It’s bad for your health
A so much B a few C so many D many
86 _ my students are familiar with this kind of school activities
A Most B Most of C A few D Few
87 He had spent _ time writing an essay about his childhood
A a large number of B a great deal of C a few D many
88 Peter has spent _ time and money on stamp collecting
Trang 25A a few of B many of C a great deal of D a large number of
89 I have got _ money
A a few B many of C some D a small number of
90 How _ furniture do you think there is?
A many B much C few D a lot of
91 Why don’t you take a break? Would you like _ coffee?
A few B some C many D much
92 He drank wine last night and gets sick now
A too many B too much C few of D a large number of
93 Give me examples, please!
A a few B a little C few D little
94 Is there water in the glass?
A any B some C many D lots of
95 Peter doesn’t want _ to do
A something B anything C nothing D everything
96 Can you speak French? – Yes,
A a few B few C a little D little
97 Thank you very _ for your help
A many B much C a lot of D little
98 He is very rich He has _ money in the bank
A a great deal of B many C a large number of D few
99 She put too sugar in the coffee It became so sweet that I couldn’t drink it
A many B much C few D little
100 I have got homework to do
A many B few C a lot of D a large number of
III Choose the correct answers.
1 She has talked too _
A much B many C few D a great deal
2 He made very _ mistakes
A much B many C little D a number of
3 They know _ about what to do
A many B few C little D the number of
4 _ children are ill-prepared for employment
A Much B Most C A little D Most of
5 Would you like _ champagne to drink?
A some B few C a few D many
6 When I studied Shakespeare, I thought his plays were _ boring
A many B much C few D a few
7 of the students are good today
A Most B Much C A little D Very
8 There were too different nationalities in my class and we had to speak English
A a lot of B much C some D many
9 I don’t know about English literature
A many B much C a few D little
10 At the beginning, everybody spoke English very quickly, and I couldn’t understand ,but now things are easier
A much B many C a great deal of D a lot of
11 There wasn’t snow last night
Trang 2612 the students in my class enjoy taking part in social activities.
A Most of B Most C Many D The number of
13 He’s always busy He has _ time to relax
A much B little C a little D plenty of
14 She put so salt in the soup that she couldn’t have it It was too salty
A many B little C much D a little
15 He made too _ mistakes in his writing
A a few B much C many D a number of
16 I could speak _ words of Swedish, but I wasn’t very fluent
A a few B few C little D a little
17 –“Can you speak French?” -“Just _.”
A a few B few C little D a little
18 I’m having _ trouble fixing this shelf Oh, dear! Can I help?
A a few B few C little D a little
19 Could I have _ cream, please? Thank you
A a few B few C little D a little
20 Very _ people were flying because of terrorist activities then
A a few B few C little D a little
21 The postman doesn’t often come here We receive _ letters
A a few B few C little D a little
22 The snow is getting quite deep I had _ hope of getting home that night
A a few B few C little D a little
23 I’ll be away for _ days from tomorrow
A a few B few C little D a little
24 Tony is a keen golfer, but unfortunately he was _ ability
A a few B few C little D a little
25 She gave _ thought to her future
A a few B few C little D a little
26 Our English lessons are long
A many B much C a lot of D very
27 Bangkok is capital of Thailand
28 There are girls in our class
A no B not C none D none of
29 I'm cleaning the floor Can your help ?
30 Mary is doing her homework and brother is helping her
A she B hers C her D she's
31 Jane's books are on the floor Please, put on the table
A they B them C their D theirs
32 Whose bicycle is it? It's
A he B her C hers D she
33 There are eggs on the table
A some B any C many D much
34 Is there cheese on the table?
A some B any C many D much
35 How cakes does she want?
A some B any C many D much
36 Peter doesn't want eggs, but he wants some soup
Trang 27A some B any C many D much
37 There is milk in the glass
A some B any C many D much
38 How meat do you want?
A some B any C many D much
39 There isn't coffee in the cup
A some B any C many D much
40 They want coffee, but they don't want any bread
A some B any C many D much
41 Is this your pencil? No, it isn't It's pencil
A my B her C our D hers
42 parents are workers
A We B They C Our D I
43 This is my new shirt - Oh, color is pretty
A it B its C their D they
44 He is engineer
A an B a C the D no article
45 Your sister is a student and his sister is a student,
A both B also C and D too
Trang 281 Giới từ chỉ thời gian (Prepositions of time):
•IN (trong, vào) được dùng để chỉ các buổi trong ngày (ngoại trừ at night), tháng, năm, mùa,
thập niên, thế kỷ hoặc khoảng thời gian ở tương lai
Eg:in the morning, in January, in 1990, in the summer, in the 1990s, in the 20th century,
in the Middle Age, in ten minutes
IN TIME: đúng lúc, kịp lúc
Eg: Will you be homein time for dinner?
•AT (vào lúc) được dùng để chỉ thời điểm hoặc các kỳ nghỉ (tòan bộ những ngày trong kỳ nghỉ)
Eg: at 6 o’clock, at night, at noon, at midnight, at bedtime, at dawn, at the weekend,
at Christmas, at New Year, at Easter
At : được dùng trong một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian: at the moment, at present, at the same time,
at once, at that time, at first, at last
•ON (vào) được dùng để chỉ ngày trong tuần, ngày tháng trong năm, ngày trong kỳ nghỉ hoặc
các buổi trong ngày cụ thể
Eg:on Monday, on 5th January, on Christmas Day, on Monday morning, on one’s birthday
ON TIME: đúng giờ Eg: The train arrived righton time.
•FOR (trong) + khoảng thời gian: for two months, for a long time
•SINCE (từ, từ khi) + mốc thời gian: since last Monday, since 2002
•UNTIL/ TILL (đến, cho đến): until 5 o’clock, till midnight
•BEFORE (trước, trước khi): before lunchtime
•AFTER (sau, sau khi): after luchtime
•DURING (trong, suốt): during World War II
•BY (vào lúc): by the end of May
Trang 29•FROM … TO (từ … đến): from morning to noon
2 Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn (Prepositions of place):
•AT (ở, tại) được dùng để chỉ vị trí tại một điểm.
Eg:at home, at school, at the bus stop, at the airport, at the office, at the cinema, at the seaside,
at the grocer’s, at the top/ bottom, at the beginning/ end, at the front/ back
* Lưu ý: arriveat the village/ the airport/ the railway station
But: arrivein Vietnam/ Ho Chi Minh City
•IN (trong, ở trong) được dùng để chỉ vị trí trong một diện tích, một không gian; dùng trước tên
đường, tên thị trấn, thành phố, quốc gia, miền, phương hướng hoặc dùng với các phương tiện
đi lại bằng xe hơi (car)
Eg: in a box, in a small room, in the countryside, in the world, in Oxford Street, in London, in
Vietnam,in the east, in a car/ taxi
* Lưu ý:in a car (trong xe hơi), but: by car (bằng xe hơi)
•ON (trên, ở trên) được dùng để chỉ vị trí trên bề mặt, số tầng trong một tòa nhà, trước tên
đường (US) hoặc dùng với một số phương tiện đi lại
Eg:on the table, on the wall, on the ground, on the first floor, on Albert Street, on a bus/ train/
plane/ (motor)bike/ horse,on foot
On cịn được dùng trong một số cụm từ: on the left/ right, on the farm, on the coast/ beach, on
TV/ radio…
•ABOVE/ OVER (bên trên – không tiếp xúc với bề mặt)
Eg: Her name comesabove mine on the list.
The signover the door said: “Egit”.
•UNDER/ BELOW (ở dưới, dưới)
Eg: The shoes areunder the chair.
The temperature has fallenbelow zero.
•IN FRONT OF (ở phía trước), BEHIND (ở phía sau), IN THE MIDDLE OF (ở giữa)
Eg: I hung my raincoatin front of/ behind the door.
•NEAR (gần)
Eg: Is there a train stationnear here?
•NEXT TO, BY, BESIDE (bên cạnh, kế bên)
Eg: Peter is standingby the gate.
•BETWEEN (ở giữa hai người/ vật), AMONG (ở giữa nhiều người/ vật)
Trang 30Eg: Tom is sittingbetween Mary and Peter.
Tom isamong the crowd.
•INSIDE (ở bên trong), OUTSIDE (ở bên ngòai)
Eg: Luckily, no one wasinside the building when it collapsed.
•OPPOSITE (đối diện)
Eg: They satopposite each other.
3 Giới từ chỉ sự chuyển động (Prepositions of movement):
•TO (đến)
Eg: He goesto school by bus.
•FROM … TO (từ … đến)
Eg: How far is itfrom New York to California?
•THROUGH (xuyên qua)
Eg: They walkedthrough the woods.
•ACROSS (ngang qua)
Eg: The children ran straight across in front of our car
•ROUND/ AROUND (quanh)
Eg: The earth movesround/ around the sun.
•ALONG (dọc theo)
Eg: We had a walkalong the river bank.
•UP (lên)/ DOWN (xuống)
Eg: We followed herup the stair.
•TOWARD(S) (về phía)
Eg: Mary stood up and walkedtowards Peter.
4 Một số giới từ khác:
- Giới từ chỉ mục đích:for, to, in order to, so as to (để)
- Giới từ chỉ nguyên nhân:for, because of, owning to (bởi vì)
- Giới từ chỉ phương tiện:by, with (bằng), through (nhờ qua)
- Giới từ chỉ thể cách:with ( với), without (không có)
- Giới từ chỉ sự tương quan:according to (tùy theo), instead of (thay vì), in spite of (mặc dù)
Trang 322 Adjective + of:
afraid of: sợ , e ngại
frightened of: sợ hãi
terrified of: sợ hãi
scared of:sợ hãi
aware / conscious of: ý thức vềconfident of: tin tưởng
3 Adjective + at:
- good / bad/ excellent/ clever at (= giỏi / tốt / xuất sắc/ khéo léo về…)
- surprised/ astonished/ amazed/ shocked at (or by): kinh ngạc
- skilful at: có kỹ năng về
- late for: muộn
- dangerous for: nguy hiểm
- famous for / well-known for: nổi tiếng
Trang 33- sorry for: xin lỗi
- helpful for / useful for: có lợi / có ích
- grateful for st: biết ơn về
5 Adjective + with:
fed up with/ bored with: chán
satisfied with: hài lòng
delighted with: phấn khởi
disappointed with; thất vọng
crowded/ overcrowded with: đông đúc
covered with: bao phủ
angry with: giận dữ
contrasted with: tương phảnpopular with: phổ biếnfamiliar with: quen thuộc với aipleased with:hài lòng
furious with: phẫn nộbusy with: bận
friendly; thân mậtacquainted with: làm quen với
6 Adjective + in:
- interested in: thích, quan tâm về - rich in: giàu về
- successful in:thành công - confident in sb: tin cậy vào ai
7 Adjective + from:
- absent from: vắng mặt - different from: khác
- far from: xa - safe from: an toàn
8 Adjective + to:
Nice/kind/polite/ generous/ friendly/ unfriendly to
Harmful to: có hại Similar to: tương tự
Be married/ engaged to sb (= thành hôn/ đính hôn)
Note: Nice/kind/polite/ generous of sb to do st
9 Adjective + on:
Keen on: + n/ V-ing: say mê Dependent on + n/ V-ing: lệ thuộc
10 Một số trường hợp cần lưu ý:
- be tired of: chán
- be tired from:mệt mỏi
- be grateful to sb for st…: biết ơn ai về vấn đề gì
- be responsible to sb for st: chựu trách nhiệm với ai về việc gì
Trang 34B LUYỆN TẬP
I Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.
1 The price of electricity is going up _ August
2 They came to visit us _ my birthday
3 Did you have a good time _ Christmas?
4 The children are really excited _ their summer vacation
5 We were very disappointed _ the organization of the festival
6 John missed a lot of lessons He was ill _ January to March
7 Helen had said goodbye to everybody in the class _ she left for the hometown
8 My cat is very fond _ fish
9 I waited _ 10 o’clock and then went home
10 I can’t remember exactly when the accident happened I think it was _ nine and half past nine
11 Are you acquainted _ the lady?
12 _ the children left, the house was very quiet
13 These photographs were taken _ a friend of mine
14 The river Rhine flows _ the North sea
15 I shall meet you _ the corner _ the street
16 I always come _ school _ foot
17 He had learned the whole poem _ heart
18 He has waited _ her for a long time
19 He’s not very keen _ watching football, but his wife is
20 Are you worried _ the final examination?
II Choose the correct answers.
1 I arrive work at nine o'clock
8 April comes March
a after b before c during d with
9 I spoke Carmen about that matter
Trang 3513.I took the letter the mailbox.
a from b in c with d out
14.Yesterday Andy paid my fare the bus
III Choose the correct answers.
1 One minute she's listening me, the next minute she's interrupting me
15 January comes February
a over b in c after d before
16 Every morning I leave home eight o'clock
Trang 3617 Sometimes I walk _ work.
IV Choose the correct answers.
1 Malaysia is divided two regions
6 She went out saying a word
A to B with C without D between
7 What do you often do the weekends?
Trang 37V Choose the correct answers.
1 _ time _ time I will examine you on the work you have done
5 He’s a very wealthy man; a few hundred pounds is nothing _ him
A for B with C to D about
6 She does not show much affection _ him
A with B in C for D to
7 The clerk _ that counter said those purses were _ sale
A in/ for B at/ on C at/ in D on/ on
8 Someone broke into the shop and made _ with several TVs and videos
11 The people next door are furious _ us _ making so much noise last night
A at/ with B with/ for C for/ to D about/ in
12 The Vietnamese participants always take part _ sports events with great enthusiasm
A in B on C at D to
13 He isn’t independent _ any means He depends _ his father _ everything
A by/ on/ in B for/ on/ in C of/ in/ for D on/ in/ with
14 He may be quick _ understanding but he isn’t capable _ remembering anything
A in/ of B on/ at C at/ of D of/ at
15 Mum is always busy _ her work in the laboratory
A with B at C in D of
16 Lan will stay there _ the beginning in September _ November
A from/ to B till/ to C from/ in D till/ of
17 I would like to apply _ the position of sales clerk that you advised in the Sunday newspaper
Trang 38PHẦN 5: CONJUNCTIONS - LIÊN TỪ
A LÝ THUYỂT
I Tương liên từ (Correlative conjunctions)
* Một vài liên từ thường kết hợp với các từ khác để tạo thành các tương liên từ Chúng thườngđược sử dụng theo cặp để liên kết các cụm từ hoặc mệnh đề có chức năng tương đương nhau
về mặt ngữ pháp
*Gồm có: both and…(vừa….vừa…), not only but also… (không chỉ…mà còn…), not but,
either or (hoặc hoặc ), neither nor (không….cũng không…), whether or (dù ….hay….,hoặc… hoặc….) , as as, no sooner… than…(vừa mới….thì…)
Eg: They learn both English and French
He drinks neither wine nor beer
II Liên từ phụ thuộc (Subordinating conjunctions)
* Loại liên từ phụ thuộc nối kết các nhóm từ, cụm từ hoặc mệnh đề có chức năng khác nhau mệnh đề phụ với mệnh đề chính trong câu
-* Ví dụ như các liên từ sau và nghĩa kèm theo của chúng:As
– Bởi vì: As he is my friend, I will help him
– Khi: We watched as the plane took off
After: sau khi
Eg: After the train left, we went home
Although/ though: mặc dù Eg: Although it was after midnight, we did not feel tired
Before: trước khi Eg: I arrived before the stores were open
Because: bởi vì Eg: We had to wait, because we arrived early
For: bởi vì Eg: He is happy, for he enjoys his work
If: nếu, giá như
Eg: If she is here, we will see her
Providing/ provided: miễn là Eg: All will be well, providing you are careful
Since
– Từ khi: I have been here since the sun rose
– Bởi vì: Since you are here, you can help me
So/ so that
– Bởi vậy: It was raining, so we did not go out
– Để (= in order that): I am saving money so I can buy a bicycle
Supposing (= if) Eg: Supposing that happens, what will you do?
Than: so với Eg: He is taller than you are
Unless: trừ khi Eg: Unless he helps us, we cannot succeed
Until/ till: cho đến khi Eg: I will wait until I hear from you
Whereas
– Bởi vì: Whereas this is a public building, it is open to everyone
– Trong khi (ngược lại): He is short, whereas you are tall
Whether: hay không Eg: I do not know whether she was invited (or not).
While
Trang 39– Khi: While it was snowing, we played cards.
– Trong khi (ngược lại): He is rich, while his friend is poor
– Mặc dù: While I am not an expert, I will do my best
As if = in a similar way Eg: She talks as if she knows everything
As long as
– Nếu: As long as we cooperate, we can finish the work easily
– Khi: He has lived there as long as I have known him
As soon as: ngay khi Eg: Write to me as soon as you can
As though = in a similar way Eg: It looks as though there will be a storm
In case: Trong trường hợp Eg: Take a sweater in case it gets cold
Or else = otherwise: nếu không thì
Eg: Please be careful, or else you may have an accident
So as to = in order to: để Eg: I hurried so as to be on time
Chú ý: Ngoài liên từ, chúng ta có thể sử dụng các trạng từ liên kết như therefore, otherwise,
nevertheless, thus, hence, furthermore, consequently…
Eg: We wanted to arrive on time; however, we were delayed by traffic
I was nervous; therefore, I could not do my best
We should consult them; otherwise, they may be upset
III Phân biệt cách sử dụng của liên từ và một số giới từ có cùng nghĩa
because because ofalthough despitewhile during
* Sự khác biệt giữa chúng là: liên từ + một mệnh đề, trong khi đó giới từ + một danh từ hoặc ngữ danh
từ.
Eg: They were upset because of the delay
They were upset because they were delayed
B LUYỆN TẬP
Điền vào chỗ trống với các từ sau:
although, and, because, but, or, since, so, unless, until, when.
1 Things were different ………… I was young
2 I do it ……… I like it
3 Let us wait here ………… the rain stops
4 You cannot be a lawyer ……… you have a law degree
5 She has not called ……… she left last week
6 I saw him leaving an hour ……… two ago
7 This is an expensive ………… very useful book
8 We were getting tired ………… we stopped for a rest
9 He was angry ………… he heard when happened
10 Walk quickly ………… you will be late
Trang 40100 CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM LIÊN TỪ
Exercise 1
1 She's not only beautiful _ intelligent
a but also b but c however d yet
2 I was very tired, I determined to walk on to the next village
a therefore b however c and d or
3 You can come here either on Monday on Friday
a or b nor c both d and
4 He had to act immediately; he would have been too late
a consequently b nevertheless c still d otherwise
5 They said both he _ I were to come
a and b but c or d so
6 The weather in Dalat is neither too hot in summer too cold in winter
a or b nor c or else d otherwise
7 Jane is beautiful and intelligent
a too b so c both d moreover
8 Jane is beautiful and intelligent; she's very kind
a moreover b however c for all that d on the other hand
9 He never works _ he gains all the prizes
a furthermore b whereas c but d accordingly
10 The sun is shining and there are very few clouds; _, I am sure it is going to rain
a what's more b hence c thus d nevertheless
11 Bill is in class 12, _ John, who is a year older, is only in class 4
a and b whereas c either d nevertheless
12 You must leave at once, you miss the train
a however b yet c still d otherwise
13 You need to get some job retraining _ it, you risk being laid off
a If so b If not c With d Without
14 Could I have rice _ potatoes, please?
a but b but also c instead d instead of
15 _His denial, we knew that he was guilty
a Despite b In spite c Because d And
16 John's family is very happy _his being a warded a scholarship
a because of b if c either d nor
17 Graphite is a soft, slippery solid that is a good conductor of _ hear and electricity
a not just b and c both d moreover
18 The lecture was _ interesting and instructive
a as b either c neither d both
19 Both Mary and Allen _Jean are going on the tour
a as well b as well as c nor d but
20 He likes travel, and _ does she
a too b such c so d but
Exercise 2
1 I'm worried about it, and he is _
a too b also c but also d a or b
2 He borrowed money _ he could finish his education
a that b so that c such as d too