The reading says that downloading music off the internet without paying for it is not a crime.. Next, the reading states that downloading music from a File sharing, he says, is not a
Trang 1Block style is another way to organize your integrated essay In the following
example, notice how the reading is summarized first followed by the lecture
If you use block style, use step-by-step transitions and a transition of contrast to
connect the reading and the lecture
Which method of organization is best, point-by-point or block style?
Neither They are simply two ways to organize an integrated essay Some
test-takers prefer point-by-point Some prefer block Only by practicing will you know which style you prefer
The reading says that downloading music off the internet without paying for it is not a crime
First, the reading says that the internet was originally invented
to be a source of free information Downloading music without paying for it is an example of this democratic ideal in action
Next, the reading states that downloading music from a
File sharing, he says, is not a crime
Finally, the author says that what he does in the privacy of his
own home is no business of the government or the record companies The US is a democracy not a dictatorship
In sum, the reading states that downloading music off the
internet without paying for it is not a crime The real criminals are the government and the record companies trying to take away people’s freedom and privacy
However, the lecturer believes that not paying for downloaded
music is a crime
First, the lecturer states that copyright laws protect music If
you don’t pay for U2’s latest album, you’re breaking the law
Next, the lecturer says that musicians should get paid For
example, Napster, a P2P site, didn’t pay musicians Napster said that file sharing wasn’t a crime The court disagreed and fined Napster for not paying
Finally, the lecturer believes that if you steal music, you are a
thief therefore you have no privacy The law is black and white You can’t have your cake and eat it too
In conclusion, the lecturer asserts that ripping music off the web
is a crime
Organization: Block Style
reading
block
lecture
block
Q
A
Trang 2TASK: Go back to page 118 and check the point-by-point internet music essay for
coherence using the proficiency checklist
The writer demonstrates organization by using point-by-point style
Yes √ No _
Does this essay demonstrate progression?
Because the writer is using point-by-point style, the points in the reading and in the lecture progress in parallel from general to specific This
demonstrates progression Yes √ No _
a Do the introductions demonstrate development-summarization?
The writer has proficiently summarized the main point (the opinion) in the reading and in the lecture with no points left out This demonstrates introduction development-summarization Yes √ No _
b Do the bodies demonstrate development-summarization?
The writer has proficiently summarized the main points (the supporting illustrations) in the reading and in the lecture with no points left out This demonstrates body development-summarization Yes √ No _
c Do the conclusions demonstrate development-summarization?
The writer has proficiently summarized the main point (the restated
opinion in the conclusion) in the reading and in the lecture with no points left out This demonstrates conclusion development-summarization
Yes √ No _
Organization
• point-by-point or block style
Progression
• general-specific or specific-general
Development-Summarization
• introduction, body, conclusion
Unity-Synthesis
• topical and grammatical
Language Use-Paraphrasing
O
P
D
U
L
Coherent Integrated Essay
C
Check your first draft for Coherence using OPDUL=C
Step #4
O
P
D
Trang 3a Does this essay demonstrate topical unity-synthesis?
Using point-by-point style, the writer demonstrates how each point in the reading and in the lecture is topically united Because of topical unity, each point in the lecture “casts doubt on” each corresponding point in the reading There are no topical digressions This demonstrates topical unity- synthesis Yes √ No _
b Does this essay demonstrate grammatical unity-synthesis?
There are no mistakes in syntax, word choice or spelling The transitions of
contrast are correct These elements combined demonstrate grammatical unity-synthesis Yes √ No _
Does this essay demonstrate proficient language use-paraphrasing?
The writer uses synonyms to restate the main points in the lecture This demonstrates proficient language-use paraphrasing Yes √ No _
Because of Organization, Progression, Development-summarization, Unity-synthesis and Language-Use-paraphrasing, the writer has proficiently
“summarized the points in the lecture” and shown how they “cast doubt on the points in the reading.” This demonstrates coherence (OPDUL=C)
Yes √ No _
According to the Integrated Essay Rating Guide (page 316), this first draft will score
in the 4.0-5.0 range
1 If you have time, paraphrase the reading passage This will demonstrate greater language use-paraphrasing (OPDUL=C)
To paraphrase means to restate using synonyms When you paraphrase, write objectively Use third person singular and the present tense, for example:
1 original The author of the reading states that downloading music off the
internet without paying for it is not a crime
paraphrase The reading says that it is not a crime to download music off the web
and not pay for it
U
L
C
Revision Checklist: What do I need to revise?
Paraphrasing
Revise your first draft using your revision checklist
Step #5
Trang 42 original First, the reading says that the internet was originally invented to be
a source of free information Downloading music without paying for it
is an example of this democratic ideal in action
paraphrase First, the reading states that the internet is a democracy Therefore,
everything on the internet is free, including music
3 original Next, the reading states that downloading music from a friend’s
computer is not stealing It is peer-to-peer file sharing File sharing,
he says, is not a crime
paraphrase Next, the reading claims that P2P file sharing isn’t a crime You’re
simply sharing what you love: music
4 original Finally, the author says that what he does in the privacy of his own
home is no business of the government or the record companies The
US is a democracy not a dictatorship
paraphrase Finally, the author of the reading believes that this is a privacy issue
Record companies and the government can’t tell him what he can or can’t do
5 original In sum, the reading states that downloading music off the internet
without paying for it is not a crime The real criminals are the government and record companies trying to take away people’s freedom and privacy
paraphrase In conclusion, the reading claims that downloading internet music
without paying for it isn’t a crime The true criminals are the government and the music industry taking away people’s right to freedom and privacy
Trang 5After you revise your essay, submit it
Look at the submitted essay below Note the space between each point This makes
it easier to read and rate Note also that the reading has been paraphrased
The reading says that it is not a crime to download music off the web and not pay for it
However, the lecturer believes it’s a crime
First, the reading states that the internet is a democracy
Therefore, everything on the internet is free, including music
In contrast, the lecturer states that copyright laws protect music If you don’t pay for U2’s latest album, you’re breaking the law
Next, the reading claims that P2P file sharing isn’t a crime You’re simply sharing what you love: music
However, the lecturer says that musicians should get paid For example, Napster, a P2P site, didn’t pay musicians Napster said file sharing wasn’t a crime The court disagreed and fined Napster for not paying
Finally, the author of the reading believes that this is a privacy issue Record companies and the government can’t tell him what to do
In contrast, the lecturer believes that if you steal music, you are a thief therefore you have no privacy The law is black and white You can’t have your cake and eat it too
In conclusion, the reading claims that downloading internet music without paying for it isn’t a crime The true criminals are the government and the music industry taking away people’s right to freedom and privacy
However, the lecturer asserts that ripping music off the web is
a crime
Submit your essay
Step #6
Trang 6Mapped out, you can see how G+3TiC=C gives the writing raters what they are trained to look for: a coherent integrated essay that demonstrates OPDUL=C Note: Transitions (T) are in bold, supporting illustrations (i) in italics, the opinions (G) and the conclusions (C) underlined
G = general = The reading says that it is not a crime to download music off the web and not pay for it
However, the lecturer believes it’s a crime
TiC = specific = First, the reading states that the internet is a
democracy Therefore, everything on the internet is
In contrast, the lecturer states that copyright laws
protect music If you don’t pay for U2’s latest
album, you’re breaking the law
TiC = specific = Next, the reading claims that P2P file sharing isn’t
However, the lecturer says that musicians should
TiC = specific = Finally, the author of the reading says that this
is a privacy issue Record companies and the
government can’t tell him what to do
In contrast, the lecturer believes that if you steal
music, you are a thief therefore you have no
privacy The law is black and white You can’t
have your cake and eat it too
C = general = In conclusion, the reading claims that
downloading internet music without paying for it isn’t a crime The true criminals are the
government and the music industry taking away people’s right to freedom and privacy
However, the lecturer asserts that ripping music
off the web is a crime
How long should my integrated essay be?
ETS says: “An effective [integrated essay] would be 150-225 words.”
Q
A
Q
A
Trang 7When you write your integrated essay, you will see a word counter on your
computer screen Ignore it You are not counting words You are writing an
integrated essay that demonstrates how the lecture counter argues the reading Do
so using G+3TiC=C and OPDUL=C
Let’s work through another argument-counter argument integrated essay using G+3TiC=C and the six steps to demonstrate OPDUL=C in your essay
When the writing instructions end, the reading passage will appear on your
computer screen You will have 3 minutes to read and summarize it
Next, read the passage on the next page to get an understanding of the author’s argument
Reading Lecture
The Word Counter
Argument-Counter Argument: Step-by-Step
2
Read the Passage
Make an G+3TiC=C note map; summarize the reading
Step #1
Trang 8In this reading passage, notice how the author does not state an opinion at the start or in the conclusion There are simply three body paragraphs
No The author is simply announcing the topic he/she will talk about, specifically teleconferencing This is a fact therefore not arguable
The reading passage does not always state a direct opinion in the introduction or in the conclusion A direct opinion is stated in writing Often, the opinion/conclusion is implied (not direct/not written), as it
is in this passage
In this article, I will take a closer look at teleconferencing For starters, perhaps the greatest benefit of teleconferencing is convenience No longer do business people have to fly around the world to meet face-to-face with customers or colleagues Now they can simply dial into a conference line or click open a web cam and they’re ready to do business Not only that, but with teleconferencing you can schedule meetings all day long from the comfort of your office or home Never has there been
a more convenient way to do business
Another big advantage is the savings These days, with the average business class airline ticket costing well over four thousand dollars—not to mention the cost of hotels, meals and transportation—the cost saving advantages of teleconferencing
are enormous According to Economy Magazine, the average
blue chip company saved over $40 million dollars last year by cutting back on travel costs Now ask yourself: What’s better, spending time and money getting from point A to point B—and feeling exhausted in the process—or simply picking up the phone and using same-time email? The choice is obvious
Teleconferencing also allows business people from a wide variety of cultures to come together to solve time-sensitive problems For example, if you’re working towards a deadline, and you don’t have a solution to your problem, one of your colleagues in Brazil or Spain might have the solution you are looking for By sharing experiences, business people can, via teleconferencing, offer insights and solutions to problems by simply picking up the phone or turning on a web cam
Summarize the Opinion (G)
Q
A
Remember!
Trang 9What if there is no opinion in the introduction or in the conclusion? How do I know what the author’s opinion is?
Look at the graphic below Notice how the author describes one advantage of teleconferencing in each body paragraph
From the advantages, you can infer (conclude) what the author’s opinion is
author believes teleconferencing has advantages
After you identify the opinion, summarize it beside G under Reading Write it as a
cause-and-effect relationship
When summarizing the body, start by looking for signals words that identify the start of each body paragraph When you identify each body paragraph, summarize
it Remember to state the cause-and-effect relationship in the concluding sentences
of each of your body paragraphs (TiC)
problem solving
Reading
G the reading says teleconferencing has advantages
Q
A
paragraph #1
paragraph #2
paragraph #3
convenience cost savings
advantage #1 advantage #2 advantage #3
advantage #1
advantage #2
advantage #3
inferred opinion
Summarize the Body (3TiC)
Trang 10When summarizing the conclusion, look for the author’s restated opinion
This reading passage does not have a conclusion What should I do?
You now have a complete note map for the reading passage
Ti first, convenience, example meetings, no need to travel use phone, web cam instead
C teleconferencing means no more meetings
Ti next save $$$, example Economy Magazine says companies saved $40 million in travel costs
C teleconferencing means you can save $$$
Ti finally, problem solving, example you have a problem, call colleagues around world, share experience/solutions
C teleconferencing is good for solving time-sensitive
problems
C the reading says teleconferencing has advantages
Reading
G the reading says teleconferencing has advantages
Ti first, convenience, example meetings, no need to travel use phone, web cam instead
C teleconferencing means no more meetings
Ti next savings, example Economy Magazine says companies saved $40 million travel costs
C teleconferencing means you can save $$$
Ti finally, problem solving, example you have a problem, call colleagues around world, share experience/solutions
C teleconferencing is good for solving time sensitive problems
C the reading says teleconferencing has advantages
Summarize the Conclusion (C)
Q
A